Phase transitions in gallium nanodroplets detected by dielectric spectroscopy

Both theoretical and experimental works give evidence that gallium exhibits solid phases labelled , , , besides the stable phase strongly dependent both on the size and the confinement conditions. An experimental technique was used based on capacitance and conductance measurements vs. temperature in the audiofrequency range. This technique is particularly sensitive to the conditions of the investigated particle surface that plays a fundamental role in the melting and more generally in the phase transition processes. In particular the strict relation between the derivative of the capacitance with respect to the temperature, dC/dT, and the entropy of the system is considered. In gallium nanoparticles 20 nm in radius, only the phase is shown to occur. Further the transition to liquid phase was detected. The melting process was found to start about 65 K below the full melting temperature value. In the case of particles 10 nm in radius, where different metastable phases may occur, the capacitance vs. temperature curve was found to display abrupt changes of the slope. The singularities are associated to a well defined transition temperature.     

On harmonic typically real mappings

In this paper, we prove that a univalent orientation-preserving harmonic mapping defined on the unit disk U with the normalization f(0)=0, , is a typically real mapping, if f(U) is a starlike domain with respect to the origin or f(U) is convex in one direction.     

On Pathwise Uniqueness of Stochastic Differential Equations Without Drift

We consider the stochastic differential equation: dX _t =(|X _t |)dB _t , where B is a Brownian motion and is a non-Hölder Borel function. A sufficient condition of pathwise uniqueness is given.     

Fourier Transformation of the Renormalization-Invariant Coupling

We discuss integral transformations of the QCD renormalization-invariant coupling (running coupling constant). Special attention is paid to the Fourier transformation, i.e., to the transition from the space–time to the energy–momentum representation. Our first conclusion is that the condition for the possibility of such a transition provides one more argument against the real existence of unphysical singularities observed in the perturbative QCD. The second conclusion relates to a way to translate some singular long-wave asymptotic behaviors to the infrared region of transferred momenta. Such a transition must be performed with the Tauberian theorem taken into account. This comment relates to the recent ALPHA collaboration results on the asymptotic behavior of the QCD effective coupling obtained by numerical lattice simulation.     

On Stability and Trajectory Boundedness in Mean-square Sense for ARMA Processes

Abstract For the multidimensional ARMA system A(z)y_k=C(z)w_k it is shown that stability(det A(z)≠0,z:│z│≤1)of A(z) is equivalent to the trajectory boundedness in the mean square sense(MSS)which,as a rule,is a consequence of a successful stochastic adaptive control leading the closed-loop of an ARMAXsystem to a steady state ARMA system.In comparison with existing results the stability condition imposed onC(z)is no longer needed.The only structural requirement on the system is that det A(z) and det C(z) have nounstable common factor.     

Some Limit Theorems in Geometric Processes

Geometric process (GP) was introduced by Lam[4,5], it is defined as a stochastic process {Xn, n = 1, 2,…} for which there exists a real number a > 0, such that {an-1 Xn, n = 1,2, …} forms a renewal process (RP). In this paper, we study some limit theorems in GP. We first derive the Wald equation for GP and then obtain the limit theorems of the age, residual life and the total life at t for a GP. A general limit theorem for Sn with a > 1 is also studied. Furthermore, we make a comparison between GP and RP, including the comparison of their limit distributions of the age, residual life and the total life at t.     

Generalized Padé-Type Approximation and Integral Representations

In several complex variables, the multivariate Padé-type approximation theory is based on the polynomial interpolation of the multidimensional Cauchy kernel and leads to complicated computations. In this paper, we replace the multidimensional Cauchy kernel by the Bergman kernel function K (z,x) into an open bounded subset of C ⁿ and, by using interpolating generalized polynomials for K (z,x), we define generalized Padé-type approximants to any f in the space OL ²() of all analytic functions on which are of class L ². The characteristic property of such an approximant is that its Fourier series representation with respect to an orthonormal basis for OL ²() matches the Fourier series expansion of f as far as possible. After studying the error formula and the convergence problem, we show that the generalized Padé-type approximants have integral representations which give rise to the consideration of an integral operator – the so-called generalized Padé-type operator – which maps every f OL ²() to a generalized Padé-type approximant to f. By the continuity of this operator, we obtain some convergence results about series of analytic functions of class L ². Our study concludes with the extension of these ideas into every functional Hilbert space H and also with the definition and properties of the generalized Padé-type approximants to a linear operator of H into itself. As an application we prove a Painlevé-type theorem in C ⁿ and we give two examples making use of generalized Padé-type approximants.     

A free boundary problem in an absorbing porous material with saturation dependent permeability

We prove a well posedness result for a free boundary problem describing the filtration of an incompressible viscous fluid in a porous medium containing water absorbing granules.?The location of the wetting front (the free boundary) is described by a Stefan like problem for a parabolic equation which is coupled with an hyperbolic equation describing the absorption kinetic of the granules. Received December 1999     

Stochastic processes with sample paths in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces

A theorem of M. F. Driscoll says that, under certain restrictions, the probability that a given Gaussian process has its sample paths almost surely in a given reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) is either or . Driscoll also found a necessary and sufficient condition for that probability to be .

Doing away with Driscoll's restrictions, R. Fortet generalized his condition and named it nuclear dominance. He stated a theorem claiming nuclear dominance to be necessary and sufficient for the existence of a process (not necessarily Gaussian) having its sample paths in a given RKHS. This theorem - specifically the necessity of the condition - turns out to be incorrect, as we will show via counterexamples. On the other hand, a weaker sufficient condition is available.

Using Fortet's tools along with some new ones, we correct Fortet's theorem and then find the generalization of Driscoll's result. The key idea is that of a random element in a RKHS whose values are sample paths of a stochastic process. As in Fortet's work, we make almost no assumptions about the reproducing kernels we use, and we demonstrate the extent to which one may dispense with the Gaussian assumption.

     

The Central Approximation Theorems for the Method of Left Gamma Quasi-Interpolants in L p spaces

The optimal degree of approximation of the method of Gammaoperators G _n in L _p spaces is O(n ^-1). In order to obtain much faster convergence, quasi-interpolants G _n ^(k) of G _n in the sense of Sablonnière are considered. We show that for fixed k the operator-norms G _n ^(k) _p are uniformly bounded in n. In addition to this, for the first time in the theory of quasi-interpolants, all central problems for approximation methods (direct theorem, inverse theorem, equivalence theorem) could be solved completely for the L _p metric. Left Gamma quasi-interpolants turn out to be as powerful as linear combinations of Gammaoperators [6].