含悬垂双键的可降解支化聚合物的合成与表征

以氢化钾与苯甲醇的羟基反应形成氧阴离子,引发ε-己内酯(ε-CL)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)的共聚反应,一步法制备带悬垂双键和端羟基的可降解支化聚合物.并将制备的聚合物与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应得到可降解聚氨酯薄膜.通过核磁(~1H-NMR、13C-NMR)、三检测体积排阻色谱仪(TD-SEC)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、热失重分析仪(TGA)和扫描电镜(SEM)对聚合物的结构和性能进行测试和表征.结果表明,氧阴离子能成功引发ε-CL和GMA的共聚反应,得到含大量悬垂双键的可降解支化共聚物.增加GMA的用量,共聚物的支化度从0.06增加到0.14,重均分子量从6.70×103增加到1.19×105,结晶度从47.6%降至非晶态.核磁结果表明共聚物中最多含有67%的悬垂双键.SEM结果表明通过15天的酶促降解,由该支化聚合物制备的聚氨酯薄膜表面变得非常粗糙,发生明显降解.     

Synthesis and molecular structure of the cationic samarium phenoxide complex [(ArO)2Sm(DME)2][BPh4] · THF and its catalytic activity for the polymerization of ε-caprolactone

The first cationic samarium phenoxide complex, [(ArO)₂Sm(DME)₂][BPh₄] · THF (ArO = 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-metyl-phenoxide) (1), has been synthesized by one-electron oxidation reaction of (ArO)₂Sm(THF)₃ with AgBPh₄ in high yield and structurally characterized. The complex 1 can be used as a single-component catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) with high activity. The activity of the complex 1 is much higher than that of the parent neutral complex (ArO)₃Sm(THF)₂, and is comparable to that of the divalent complex (ArO)₂Sm(THF)₃. A coordination-insertion polymerization mechanism was supposed according to the end-group analysis.     

用于基因传输及磁共振显像的聚乙烯亚胺-g-聚己内酯共聚物的合成与表征

采用可生物降解的聚己内酯改性聚乙烯亚胺,得到两亲性的接枝共聚物(PEI-g-PCL).该共聚物通过溶剂挥发法在水中自组装形成纳米粒子,其内部负载有超顺磁性四氧化三铁纳米粒子(SPIO)及质粒DNA(pDNA).研究表明,PEI-g-PCL聚合物自组装形成的颗粒为胶束状,无论是否负载SPIO纳米粒子都可以有效地负载pDNA,并对293细胞具有较高的转染效率.此类载体有望在基因转染的过程中利用磁共振手段进行实时、无创观测.     

Synthesis, characterization and self-assemble behavior of chitosan-O-poly(ε-caprolactone)

A facile strategy was proposed for synthesizing chitosan-O-poly(ε-caprolactone) (CS-O-PCL). Stoichiometric sodium dodecyl sulfate-chitosan complex (SCC) which was soluble in common organic solvents was adopted as an intermediate. Regioselective conjugation of PCL onto SCC could be achieved through condensation reaction between isocyanate-terminated PCL and hydroxyl groups of chitosan. The grafting level of PCL could be modulated by varying PCL/SCC weight ratio. SDS was removed from SCC-O-PCL using trihydroxymethylamine (Tris) as a decomplexation agent. The self-assemble behavior of the amphiphilic copolymers was studied by fluorometry, TEM and laser light scattering. The morphology of the CS-O-PCL nanoparticles was found to be dependent on PCL grafting level. Both spherical micelles and vesicle could be formed by dialysis method.     

Effective implementation of the ε-constraint method in Multi-Objective Mathematical Programming problems

As indicated by the most widely accepted classification, the Multi-Objective Mathematical Programming (MOMP) methods can be classified as a priori, interactive and a posteriori, according to the decision stage in which the decision maker expresses his/her preferences. Although the a priori methods are the most popular, the interactive and the a posteriori methods convey much more information to the decision maker. Especially, the a posteriori (or generation) methods give the whole picture (i.e. the Pareto set) to the decision maker, before his/her final choice, reinforcing thus, his/her confidence to the final decision. However, the generation methods are the less popular due to their computational effort and the lack of widely available software. The present work is an effort to effectively implement the ε-constraint method for producing the Pareto optimal solutions in a MOMP. We propose a novel version of the method (augmented ε-constraint method - AUGMECON) that avoids the production of weakly Pareto optimal solutions and accelerates the whole process by avoiding redundant iterations. The method AUGMECON has been implemented in GAMS, a widely used modelling language, and has already been used in some applications. Finally, an interactive approach that is based on AUGMECON and eventually results in the most preferred Pareto optimal solution is also proposed in the paper.     

ε-次微分与边际函数的解

借助ε-次微分讨论一类对偶边际函数的次微分,并得到此类函数解集的特征．     

三（3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛缩苯乙胺）镧引发L-丙交酯与ε-己内酯开环共聚合

以三（3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛缩苯乙胺）镧La (OPEBS)₃为引发剂引发L-丙交酯(_L-LA)和ε-己内酯(ε-CL)的共聚,可控合成嵌段共聚物.研究了单体加料顺序、投料比、单体与引发剂的摩尔比(M/I)及聚合温度对_L-LA和ε-CL共聚的影响.由石油醚抽提纯化的聚合物经GPC、¹H NMR和DSC分析,表明该共聚物为_L-LA和ε-CL嵌段共聚物.     

ε-optimal control of random parabolic differential equations by an elliptic approximation

We consider an optimal control problem for an abstract ITO equation on a Gelfand triple of Hilbert spaces. This control problem is approximated by means of a family of optimal control problems for elliptic systems     

Predicting initial erosion during the hole erosion test by using turbulent flow CFD simulation

CFD simulation with enhanced modeling of turbulence and near-wall treatment is used to model water–clay mixtures flowing through a cylindrical pipe domain. Effects on the wall-shear stress resulting from varying water clay content and applied hydraulic gradient are analyzed. Various parametric studies were performed and had shown that the two-dimensional modelling introduced in the present study does not yield a uniform wall-shear stress along the pipe wall and that clay concentration affects significantly the wall-shear stress value. This is in contrast with the common hypothesis used in one-dimensional modeling approaches where this stress is assumed constant and which gives rise to uniform erosion along the pipe wall. The obtained results had enabled predicting more realistically erosion amount and had allowed for understanding the irregular eroded hole wall shape as observed experimentally after performing the standard hole erosion test.