Preparation and characterization of trans-RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2-intercalated layered double hydroxides

trans-RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)₂ (TPPTS=tris(m-sulfonatophenyl)phosphine) has been intercalated into Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by the method of ion exchange. The structure, composition and thermal stability of the composite material have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and ³¹P solid-state magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis. The geometry of trans-RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)₂ was fully optimized using the PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method, and a schematic model for the intercalated species has been proposed. The thermal stability of trans-RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)₂ is significantly enhanced by intercalation, which suggests that such materials may have prospective application as the basis of a supported catalyst system for the hydroformylation of higher olefins.     

ZrO2在Cu-ZnO-ZrO2甲醇水蒸汽重整制氢催化剂中的作用

通过对一系列Cu-ZnO-ZrO2甲醇水蒸汽重整(SRM)催化剂的XRD、TEM和BET表征及催化性能测定,研究催化剂中ZrO2对催化剂粒径、比表面以及对SRM反应性能的影响.结果表明,ZrO2的加入,使催化剂的粒径从15 nm降至10 nm（其中CuO和ZnO的平均粒径分别从7.7和10.4 nm降至3.9和8.7 nm）,BET比表面从60 m2•g－1增至78 m2•g－1.随着催化剂含ZrO2量不同,甲醇的转化率和H2、CO2的选择性均产生变化,当催化剂中Zr含量为24.0％(w),反应温度为220 ℃,水、醇摩尔比为1.3时,甲醇的转化率达到51.6％, H2和CO2的选择性达到100％(CO和CH4在产物气体中的体积分数小于10－4),这一结果对甲醇燃料电池甲醇重整器的应用具有重要的意义.     

Composite Electrode SnO2／TiO2 for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Composite nanoporous electrode SnO2/TiO2 was fabricated for the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with N3 (Cis-Ru). After introducing of TiO2, the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) was higher than that of the pure SnO2 electrode, while short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) was varied with the ratio of the TiO2. Appropriate content of the TiO2 can be beneficial to the efficiency of the solar cell, and it gives negative impact on the composite electrode when the content of TiO2 is higher.     

Study of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing heterocycles. 54. Properties and conversions of pyrimido[4,5-<Emphasis Type="Italic">b</Emphasis>]-1,4-benzothiazepines. Synthesis of a novel heterocyclic system: Pyrimido[5,4-<Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>]isoquinoline

We have studied some properties and conversions of pyrimido[4,5-b]-1,4-benzothiazepines: reduction, oxidation, reactions with nucleophilic reagents (methanol, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, o-methylhydroxylamine, and thiosemicarbazide). We have synthesized derivatives of a novel heterocyclic system: pyrimido[5,4-c]isoquinoline.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1863–1872, December, 2004.For Communication 53, see [1].     

Domino carbocationic rearrangements of α-[bis(methylthio)methylene]alkyl-2-(heteroaryl)cyclopropyl ketones

Domino carbocationic rearrangements of α-[bis(methylthio)methylene]alkyl-2-(heteroaryl)cyclopropyl ketones (X=O, S, NMe) bearing five-membered heteroaryl group have been investigated. Although the cyclopropyl ketones (R¹=H) gave similar products like their aryl counterparts under these conditions, the corresponding α-methylcyclopropyl ketones (R¹=Me) yielded a variety of unexpected products depending on the nature of heteroaryl group in the substrate cyclopropyl ketones and the type of acid catalyst used. A probable mechanism for the formation of various products in these transformations has been proposed.     

稀土掺杂对锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4结构及电性能的影响

利用微波加热技术合成稀土掺杂基锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2-xRExO4(RE=Y，Nd，Gd，Ce)，通过XRD、循环伏安及恒电漉充放电测试研究了稀土掺杂离子对合成正极材料结构及电化学性能的影响。XRD测试结果表明，合适的掺杂量可以起到扩展锂离子脱嵌通道和稳定骨架结构的作用，稀土离子的引入可以部分取代原有的三价锰离子，由于稀土离子的离子半径较三价锰离子大，因此稀土掺杂锰酸锂材料的晶胞参数比未掺杂材料大，在一定程度上扩充了锂离子迁移的三维通道，更有利于锂离子的嵌入与脱嵌；循环伏安及恒电漉充放电测试结果表明稀土掺杂有效提高了LiMn2O4材料的电化学循环可逆性及循环稳定性。     

Samarium diiodide promoted formation of 1,2-diketones and 1-acylamido-2-substituted benzimidazoles from N-acylbenzotriazoles

N-Acylbenzotriazoles, when treated with samarium diiodide in THF, undergo self-coupling reaction to afford 1,2-diketones in good to excellent yields; while when treated with samarium diiodide in CH₃CN, they undergo ring-opening reaction to afford 1-acylamido-2-alkyl (or aryl) benzimidazoles in reasonable to good yields. A plausible mechanism was suggested.     

Structure-Activity Relationship of Insecticidal Steroids. V. 3β-Benzoyloxystigmastan-6-ones

The toxicity of steroid benzoates 4-10 for Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.) larvae was studied by a contact-intestinal method. The most active growth and development regulator for this insect is 3-benzoyloxy-5-hydroxy-⁷-6-ketosteroid 9a.     

Aktivierung von CO2 an Übergangsmetallzentren: Zum Ablauf der CO2-Reduktion an Nickel(0)-Fragmenten

Activation of CO₂ at Transition Metal Centres: The Route of the CO₂ Reduction at Nikel(0) Moieties A competing reaction in the catalytic cyclooligomerization of hex-3-yne and CO₂ at the (TMED)Ni(0)-fragment (TMED = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylendiamine) is the formation of carbon monoxide and (TMED)Ni(CO₃). So it is possible to explain the generation of II (TMED)Ni(diethylmalicacidanhydride) and III (a nickel trimer with two (TMED)Ni(CO₃) units). Both complexes are characterized by X-ray analysis. The reduction of CO₂ to CO most likely proceeds via an intermediate in which two molecules of carbon dioxide are coupled head-to-tail to form a metallacycle. An ab initio scf geometry optimization supports the existence of such an intermediate.     

Electron-density-dependent fused-sphere surfaces derived from pseudopotential calculations

Fused-sphere surfaces can be used to mimic a molecular boundary associated with a constant value of the electron density. The simplest of such fused-sphere models are constructed by using the atomic radii for the spherical isodensity surfaces of individual atoms. In this work, we discuss the extension of this model to molecules containing atoms beyond the second row. In these many- electron systems, the computation of electron densities is usually simplified by adopting a pseudopotential (or effective-core potential) approach. Here, we discuss the performance of large- and small-core pseudo-potential calculations as a tool to derive atomic radii. Our results provide an optimum set of variable radii that can be used to build fused-sphere surfaces. This continuum of surfaces provides a simple approximation to the low-electron-density regions around molecules with heavy atoms.