单一稀土元素检测方法的新近进展

本文对1999～2004年间有关单一稀土元素检测方法的研究进展进行了综述,内容包括原子吸收/原子荧光光谱法,荧光光度法,X-射线荧光光谱法,中子活化分析,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法以及其干扰效应、进样技术和分析应用.引用文献127篇.     

一种新的毛细管电泳动态涂层筛分介质的研究

在线性聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide,PNIPAM）的TBE溶液中添加半乳糖醇组成一种新的分离脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）筛分介质.该筛分介质具有动态涂层和低粘度的特点,对ΦX174/HaeⅢ、pBR322/HaeⅢDNA片段获得了较好的分离效果.文中还对半乳糖醇提高筛分能力的作用机理进行了探讨.     

对-叔丁基杯[8]芳烃键合硅胶制备及其毛细管电色谱性能研究

以γ-(环氧丙氧)丙基键合硅胶为前体,于硅胶表面键合环氧基,在催化剂存在下以杯芳烃钠盐开环制备杯芳烃键合硅胶固定相.该方法反应条件温和,适用性强.将这个新方法首次用于制备对-叔丁基杯[8]芳烃电色谱键合固定相(C8BS),采用加压电色谱初步评价其电色谱性能.研究结果表明,C8BS电渗流(Electrosmoticflow,EOF)较小,但通过控制键合反应及使用压力辅助电色谱可部分弥补上述不足.该固定相的EOF受流动相pH影响小(pH=3-8),同时大环配体屏蔽效应能有效地克服硅羟基引起的碱性化合物拖尾现象,这对电色谱分离具有重要意义.通过分步封尾研究EOF的来源发现,杯芳烃酚羟基对EOF有弱的贡献,这与报道的杯芳烃涂层具有径向电渗流调控能力相一致.     

过硒二苯2,2'-二甲酸与牛血清白蛋白结合反应热力学特征研究

用荧光光谱和紫外．可见吸收光谱法研究了在不同温度下,新合成的过硒二苯2,2’-二甲酸（PSD）对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）作用的荧光猝灭光谱行为。分别用Stem-Volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程处理试验数据,证实在试验浓度和温度范围内,其荧光猝灭作用更符合静态猝灭作用特征,PSD与BSA可反应并结合形成具有一定结构的复合物,得到了反应的结合常量、结合热力学性质和结合位点等参数;同时探讨了静态猝灭作用的机理和结合力的性质,为了解PSD与BSA的结合方式、在人体内的传输机理和药理作用提供科学依据。     

C60在几种溶剂中紫外吸光度的负热效应

所采用的变温光谱差减方法是将待测试样分成两份 ,一份作为参比试样 ,恒定在某一温度 (参比温度 )下 ,另一份作为待测样品 ,选定另一待观测温度 ,在一定的波长范围内 ,用岛津UV 2 4 0型紫外 可见双光束分光光度计扫描 ,获得紫外吸收温差光谱 (UVSDT)。选择不同的温度差 ,测得温差光谱随温差的变化。观测了C60 分子在乙醇、环己烷、正己烷、异丙醇等几种有机溶剂中吸光度随温度的变化。观测结果发现C60 溶液的吸光度变化存在显著的负温度效应。C60 的UV吸收光谱峰随试样温度升高而降低 ,UV吸收温差光谱 (U VSDT)为负峰 ,UVSDT峰强随温差增大而负向增大。说明C60 的结构对温度有较强的依赖关系。这种依赖关系与π π 电子跃迁类型密切相关。实时现场测量C60 溶液的吸光度随温度变化规律 ,对分离、纯化、分析富勒烯 ,认识C60 特性、研究以溶剂为媒介的化学反应机理 ,以及提高测量的准确度和重现性等 ,均有一定的理论意义和实用价值     

FIA-3100流动注射仪数据采集系统的开发及其应用

介绍了一种数据采集系统,阐述了系统组成、实现和主要功能,并结合梯度稀释技术介绍了其在火电厂炉水磷酸根测定中的应用．     

A Tetranuclear Complex Assembled from N,N＇-Bis（4-（3＇-formyl-5＇-methylsalicyclidene）-iminoethyl）-4-methyl-2,6-bimethyliminophenol

The reaction of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol, ethylenediamine and Cu（Ⅱ） in the proportion of 3：2：2 yields a new tetranuclear copper（Ⅱ） complex, [Cu2L]2（ClO4）2.2H2O（H3L= N,N＇-bis（4-（3＇-formyl-5＇-methylsalicyclidene）iminoethyl）-4-methyl-2,6-bimethyliminophenol）. The complex has been characterized by ES-MS, IR and X-ray diffraction analysis, and its crystal crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.8673（11）, b = 12.0829（12）, c = 14.4834（15） А, α= 111.946（2）, β= 105.828（2）, γ = 99.583（2）°,V= 1618.5（3） А^3, Dc = 1.605 g/cm^3, Z = 2, Mr = 1564.26, F（000） = 800.0,μ（MoKa） = 1.460/mm, S = 1.063, R = 0.0612 and wR = 0.1163 for 6245 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The complex is a dimer of dinuclear copper（Ⅱ） acylic enantiomorph subunit [Cu2L]ClO4.H_2O, held together by π…π weak coordination and hydrogen bonding interactions. In addition, the π…π interactions related to phenyl moieties as well as CH=N…π interactions were also found to stabilize the supramolecular architectures in the solid state.     

Fluoride anion sensing using colorimetric reagents containing binaphthyl moiety and urea binding site

Four 1,1′-binaphthalene based bis-urea derivatives bearing aryl groups at end-on nitrogen atoms IIIa–d were synthesized as potential sensor molecules. These receptors show characteristic UV-VIS spectral changes on complexation with anions and they exhibit selective recognition of F⁻ over other halide anions. Interaction of a fluoride anion with urea NH groups was confirmed by ¹H NMR data. The presence of an electron-withdrawing nitro group in N′-aryls (receptors IIIa and IIIb) appeared to be necessary for naked-eye colorimetric detection. These receptors show dramatic color change from light-yellow to orange (IIIa) or to orange-red (IIIb) in the presence of guest fluoride anions already at concentrations of 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³ of the receptor and host.     

乙二醇-磷霉素改性氧化锆色谱固定相的制备及其在蛋白质分离中的应用

合成了分离蛋白质的乙二醇-磷霉素钠改性氧化锆高效液相色谱固定相, 通过漫反射红外光谱、元素分析等分析方法对该固定相进行了表征. 以溶菌酶、核糖核酸酶A、细胞色素C和糜蛋白酶四种标准碱性蛋白质为探针, 系统地考察了固定相的疏水相互作用色谱性能. 结果表明, 乙二醇-磷霉素改性氧化锆固定相对蛋白质有一定的保留, 表现出较高的分离选择性.     

Composite microparticle drug delivery systems based on chitosan, alginate and pectin with improved pH-sensitive drug release property

Composite microparticle drug delivery systems based on chitosan, alginate and pectin with improved pH sensitivity were developed for oral delivery of protein drugs, using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model drug. The composite drug-loaded microparticles with a mean particle size less than 200 μm were prepared by a convenient shredding method. Since the microparticles were formed by tripolyphosphate cross-linking, electrostatic complexation by alginate and/or pectin, as well as ionotropic gelation with calcium ions, the microparticles exhibited an improved pH-sensitive drug release property. The in vitro drug release behaviors of the microparticles were studied in simulated gastric (pH 1.2 and pH 5.0), intestinal (pH 7.4) and colonic (pH 6.0 and pH 6.8 with enzyme) media. For the composite microparticles with suitable compositions, the releases of BSA at pH 1.2 and pH 5.0 could be effectively sustained, while the releases at pH 7.4, pH 6.8 and pH 6.0 increased significantly, especially in the presence of pectinase. These results clearly suggested that the microparticles had potential for site-specific protein drug delivery through oral administration.