An ultrasensitive post chemiluminescence reaction of ammonium in NBS-dichlorofluorescein system and its application

A strong post chemiluminescence (PCL) phenomenon was observed when ammonium was injected into the reaction mixture after the finish of CL reaction of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and dichlorofluorescein. Based on this, a sensitive flow injection PCL method was established for the determination of ammonium. The possible CL mechanism of the reaction was proposed based on a series of experiments. The PCL intensity responded linearly to the concentration of ammonium in the range 3.0 × 10⁻¹¹-1.0 × 10⁻⁷ g mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 1 × 10⁻¹¹ g mL⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 1.4% for 1.0 × 10⁻⁹ g mL⁻¹ ammonium (n = 11). This method had been applied to the determination of ammonium in samples of mineral water, tap water and river water.     

Direct Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis of Hemoglobin Based on Nafion‐Room Temperature Ionic Liquids‐Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Film

A robust and effective composite film combined the benefits of Nafion, room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was prepared. Hemoglobin (Hb) was successfully immobilized on glassy carbon electrode surface by entrapping in the composite film. Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of immobilized Hb were investigated in detail. A pair of well‐defined and quasi‐reversible redox peaks of Hb was obtained in 0.10 mol·L^?1 pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS), indicating that the Nafion‐RTIL‐MWNTs film showed an obvious promotion for the direct electron transfer between Hb and the underlying electrode. The immobilized Hb exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂. The catalysis current was linear to H₂O₂ concentration in the range of 2.0×10^?6 to 2.5×10^?4 mol·L^?1, with a detection limit of 8.0×10^?7 mol·L^?1 (S/N=3). The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant (K_m^app) was calculated to be 0.34 mmol·L^?1. Moreover, the modified electrode displayed a good stability and reproducibility. Based on the composite film, a third‐generation reagentless biosensor could be constructed for the determination of H₂O₂.     

Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Novel Water-soluble Indocyanine Dyes as Fluorescent Dyes for Proteins Detection

Two novel water‐soluble indocyanine dyes were synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, IR, MS and UV‐vis techniques. The absorptions of the prepared dyes in different solvents were measured. Two dyes exhibited negative solvatochromism, with a blue shift of the absorption and an emission maximum in (bovine serum albumin) protonic solvent relative to non protonic solvent. The fluorescence properties of the dyes in both free state and BSA were investigated. Significant enhancement of the fluorescence intensity for the Dye2 was observed in the presence of BSA. Dye2 could be proposed as fluorescent dyes for BSA detection in aqueous solution.     

MCM-41介孔分子筛组装过渡金属配合物的电子光谱

通过γ 氨丙基修饰纳米孔材料MCM 4 1,将其与过渡金属Mn ,Cu ,Co ,Fe的N ,N 双水杨醛缩乙二胺席夫碱配合物进行化学组装。用IR和Vis UV等谱学技术对其进行了初步的表征。结果表明 ,组装产物的IR光谱 ,呈现出氨基和Schiff碱相应基团的特征吸收 ,其中氨基较游离态表现出明显的红移 ,但Schiff碱相应基团的IR吸收较组装前的配合物变化不大。     

Asymmetric synthesis of pyrimidyl alkanol without adding chiral substances by the addition of diisopropylzinc to pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde in conjunction with asymmetric autocatalysis

Enantiomerically enriched pyrimidyl alkanol with either S or R configuration was obtained stochastically from the reaction between pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde and diisopropylzinc without adding chiral substances in conjunction with subsequent asymmetric autocatalysis, leading to amplification of the enantiomeric excess.     

文物研究与保护中的无损分析技术

文物信息的提取与研究对于揭示古代遗物内涵的人类社会、文化等历史信息有着举足轻重的作用。一方面可以了解古代的工艺技术特征,探寻文物制作技术起源及其发展历程;另一方面可以进行病害调查分析,为保护文物提供有效信息。由于文物不可再生的珍贵性,探索和应用现代无损分析技术进行文物研究和保护尤为重要。该文细致梳理了目前主要在文物研究与保护中的无损分析方法及其应用现状：用于文物内部和表面影像分析的X光照相技术、红外成像技术、CT技术、多光谱成像技术和三维激光扫描技术;用于文物表面微观形貌观察和显微结构分析的光学显微镜和电子显微镜;用于文物化学组成分析的X射线荧光光谱和激光剥蚀等离子体质谱分析技术;用于文物物质结构分析的微区XRD、反射式红外光谱和显微激光拉曼光谱分析技术。同时,对这些无损分析技术的优势和局限性进行了初步分析,预期随着科技研究水平的不断提高,这些无损分析技术未来将向着小型化、自动化和便携化的方向发展,在文物研究和保护中有着十分广阔的应用前景。     

(Cu,N)共掺杂TiO2/MoS2异质结的电子和光学性能:杂化泛函HSE06

在密度泛函理论的基础上,系统地研究了Cu/N（共）掺杂的TiO₂/MoS₂异质结体系的几何结构、电子结构和光学性质.计算发现,TiO₂/MoS₂异质结的带隙相比于纯的TiO₂（101）表面明显变小,Cu/N（共）掺杂TiO₂/MoS₂异质结体系的禁带宽度也明显地减小,这导致光子激发能量的降低和光吸收能力的提高.通过计算Cu/N（共）掺杂TiO₂/MoS₂的差分电荷密度,发现光生电子与空穴积累在掺杂后的TiO₂（101）表面和单层MoS₂之间,这表明掺杂杂质体系可以有效地抑制光生电子-空穴对的复合.此外,我们计算了在不同压力下TiO₂/MoS₂异质结的几何、电子和光学性质,发现适当增加压力可以有效提高异质结的光吸收性能.本文结果表明,Cu/N（共）掺杂TiO₂/MoS₂异质结和对TiO₂/MoS₂异质结加压都能有效地提高材料的光学性能.     

Low temperature heat capacity of some heavy REA12 compounds (RE = Tb,Dy, Er and Tm) in a magnetic field

The molar heat capacity of single crystalline TbAl₂, DyAL₂ and ErAl₂ and of polycrystalline TmAl₂ has been measured for the temperature range from 1.5 to about 20 K in external magnetic fields up to 7.5 T. The magnetic contribution to the heat capacity has been interpreted by means of a simple theoretical approach containing a cubic crystalline electric field interaction and an exchange interaction in mean field approximation. The three model parameters have been determined from the interpretation of the experimental results for the four compounds. A comparison of the reduced crystal field parameters for the heavy rare earth-Al₂ compounds shows systematic behaviour and supports the physical relevance of the applied model.