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111.
用正、反向共沉淀法制备了BaHfO3:Ce粒子;用XRD、TG-DTA、SEM等测试手段对样品的物相、形貌及发光性能进行了表征;在不同升温速率条件下研究了粒子合成动力学。结果表明:由正向和反向沉淀法得到的前驱体物相变化分3个阶段,用Doyle-Ozawa和Kissinger法分别计算了各阶段的表观活化能,其平均值分别为83.41、61.70、262.11kJ·mol-1和81.70、42.86、253.44kJ·mol-1,计算正反向沉淀法样品的晶粒生长活化能分别为27.36kJ·mol-1和23.07kJ·mol-1;反向法的样品分别在530nm波长下的激发光谱和399nm波长的发射光谱的相对发光强度优于正向法,在2073K真空烧结保温3h获得具有一定透光性的BaHfO3:Ce透明陶瓷。 相似文献
112.
113.
A simple and efficient method for the convenient synthesis of 2-arylbenzimidazole has been described on reaction with o-phenylenediamine and various aromatic aldehydes using cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst. The method is cost-effective, high-yielding, clean, and selective. 相似文献
114.
A complete critical evaluation of all available phase diagram and thermodynamic data has been performed for all condensed phases and relevant gaseous species of the (NaF + AlF3 + CaF2 + BeF2 + Al2O3 + BeO) system, and optimized model parameters have been found. The (NaF + AlF3 + CaF2 + Al2O3) subsystem, which is the base electrolyte used for the electro-reduction of alumina in Hall–Héroult cells, has been critically evaluated in a previous article. The Modified Quasichemical Model in the Quadruplet Approximation for short-range ordering was used for the molten salt phase. The thermodynamic database developed is a first step towards a quantitative study of the beryllium mass balance in an electrolysis cell. In particular, the predominant Be-containing species in the gas phase evolved at the anode were identified; and, for a given beryllium content of the alumina, the beryllium content of the electrolytic bath at steady state was assessed under several approximations. 相似文献
115.
The synthesis of new chiral monomers (M1 ?M3 ) based on menthol and the corresponding polyacrylates (P1 ?P3 ) is described. The chemical structures, formula and phase behaviour of the obtained monomers and polymers were characterised with FT-IR, 1H-NMR, elemental analyses, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarising optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of the mesogenic core rigidity, spacer length and menthyl steric effect on the phase behaviour of M1 ?M3 and P1 ?P3 is discussed. The expected mesophase of the compounds based on menthol can be obtained by inserting a flexible spacer between the mesogenic core and the terminal groups. For the chiral monomers and polyacrylates, their corresponding melting temperature (T m), glass transition temperature (T g) and clearing temperature (T i) increased with an increase of the mesogenic core rigidity; while the T m, T g and T i decreased with increasing the spacer length. M1 and P1 showed no mesophase, while M2 and M3 all revealed a SmC* and cholesteric phases. P2 and P3 only showed a cholesteric phase. 相似文献
116.
An investigation into the transmission spectrum of a ferroelectric liquid crystal device is undertaken. This is done both for an initial static state and during a switching process. Comparisons are made between experimental data and theoretical predictions. The dynamic internal director configurations in the device is shown to be consistent with a simple model during both monopolar and bipolar addressing pulses. 相似文献
117.
Chiral monomer (M1 ), mesogenic and non-mesogenic crosslinking agents (C1 and C2 ), and the corresponding liquid crystalline elastomers (P1 and P2 series), have been synthesised. Their chemical structures have been characterised by Fourier transform infrared or 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and their phase behaviour investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical miscoscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction. The effect of the crosslinking unit on the phase behaviour of the elastomers has been studied. M1 showed a cholesteric oily streak and focal conic texture. C2 exhibited a nematic enantiotropic thread-like and schlieren texture, and a monotropic fan-shaped texture in the SA phase. Due to the introduction of the mesogenic crosslinking unit, elastomers, P2-1 ?P2-5 , exhibited a cholesteric phase, while elastomers, P1-1 ?P1-4 , derived from a non-mesogenic crosslinking unit, exhibit a SA phase. As the content of the crosslinking unit increased, the T g of the P1 series initially decreased and then increased, and the T i of the series decreased. In the P2 series the T g increased, but the T i initially increased and then decreased. TGA confirmed that all the elastomers had improved thermal stability. 相似文献
118.
Xiao‐Zhi He Bao‐Yan Zhang Corresponding author Jian‐She Hu Mei Tian 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(3):299-306
In this work we prepared a nematic monomer (4′‐allyloxybiphenyl 4′‐ethoxybenzoate, M1 ), a chiral crosslinking agent (isosorbide 4‐allyloxybenzoyl bisate, M2 ) and a series of new side chain cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers derived from M1 and M2 . The chemical structures of the monomers and polymers were confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, polarizing optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The effect of the content of the crosslinking unit on phase behaviour of the elastomers is discussed. Polymer P1 showed a nematic phase, P2 –P7 showed a cholesteric phase; P6 formed a blue Grandjean texture over a broad temperature range 145–209.6°C, with no changed on the cooling. Polymers P4 –P7 , with more than 6?mol?% of chiral crosslinking agent, gave rise to selective reflection. Elastomers containing less than 15?mol?% of the crosslinking units displayed elasticity, reversible phase transition with wide mesophase temperature ranges, and high thermal stability. Experimental results demonstrated that, with increasing content of crosslinking agent, the glass transition temperatures first fell and then increased; the isotropization temperatures and mesophase temperature ranges decreased. 相似文献
119.
通过优化合金成分设计与改进速凝片铸技术、烧结技术,应用国内通用的工业生产烧结钕铁硼磁体的各类原材料,在工业生产线上实现了45UH高性能烧结钕铁硼磁体的批量生产。SEM观察和XRD分析结果表明:磁体具有比较高的取向度;其显微组织致密、精细而均匀,平均晶粒尺寸约为5μm。45UH烧结钕铁硼磁体的典型磁性能为Br=1.363 T,Hcb=1060 kA.m-1,Hcj=2140 kA.m-1,Hk=1625 kA.m-1,(BH)max=366.0 kJ.m-3;其Hcj/79.6 kA.m-1+(BH)max/7.96 kJ.m-3=72.8。在295~453 K温度区间,其剩磁与内禀矫顽力的温度系数分别为-0.108%.K-1和-0.486%.K-1。当L/D=0.7时,在473 K保持2 h磁体开路磁通不可逆损失为4.1%左右。批量生产的45UH烧结钕铁硼磁体,其常温磁性能优异,温度稳定性良好。 相似文献
120.
在283.15-333.15 K温度范围内, 测量了质子型离子液体N,N-二甲基乙醇胺丙酸盐(DMEOAP)的密度、粘度及电导率. 讨论了温度对密度、粘度和电导率等物理化学参数的影响. 通过经验和半经验方程得到了该离子液体的热膨胀系数、分子体积、标准摩尔熵及晶格能等热力学性质参数. 由电导率和密度计算出了该离子液体的摩尔电导率. 利用Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT)方程, 将测量的动力粘度和电导率对温度拟合, 得到了动力粘度和电导率随温度变化方程式.并通过Walden规则, 建立了粘度与摩尔电导率之间的联系. 相似文献