Extinction and permanence in delayed stage-structure predator–prey system with impulsive effects

Based on the classical stage-structured model and Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model, an impulsive delayed differential equation to model the process of periodically releasing natural enemies at fixed times for pest control is proposed and investigated. We show that the conditions for global attractivity of the ‘pest-extinction’ (‘prey-eradication’) periodic solution and permanence of the population of the model depend on time delay. We also show that constant maturation time delay and impulsive releasing for the predator can bring great effects on the dynamics of system by numerical analysis. As a result, the pest maturation time delay is considered to establish a procedure to maintain the pests at an acceptably low level in the long term. In this paper, the main feature is that we introduce time delay and pulse into the predator–prey (natural enemy-pest) model with age structure, exhibit a new modelling method which is applied to investigate impulsive delay differential equations, and give some reasonable suggestions for pest management.     

电子束诱导单壁碳纳米管不稳定的新观察

利用透射电镜在室温下对不同形态的单壁碳纳米管进行了原位电子束辐照研究.研究发现:在相同的辐照条件下随着辐照时间(或辐照剂量)的增加,两端固定的单壁碳纳米管径向收缩,且收缩速率越来越快;相同直径的轴向弯曲的单壁碳纳米管比平直的单壁碳纳米管更加不稳定;一端固定另端自由的单壁碳纳米管轴向收缩,但其直径基本不变.利用单壁碳纳米管纳米曲率效应和能量束诱导非热激活效应,对上述单壁碳纳米管不稳定性现象进行了新的、合理的解释.     

Lω-空间中的ω-Urysohn分离性

在Lω-空间中引入分子网和理想的ωθ*-极限点、ωθ*-聚点等概念,证明ω-Urysohn空间中分子网和理想的ωθ*-极限点均唯一等特征性质,并证明ω-Urysohn分离性是可ω-遗传的,在(ω1,ω2)-同胚和(ω1,ω2)θ-同胚映射下是拓扑不变的,在满层条件下是任意可乘的,而且是R.Lowen意义下好的推广等性质。     

若干图的卡氏积的距离谱和距离能量(英文)

G是顶点集为{v_1,v_2,…,v_n}的连通简单图,G_1,G_2,…,G_n是有限图。联并图G[G_1,G_2,…,G_n】是按如下方式在G_1UG_2U…UG_n上加边而成的图:在G_i和G_j之间的任何两个顶点间加边,若v_i和v_j在G中相邻.[7]给出了两个距离正则图的卡氏积的距离谱.本文计算了联并图和距离正则图的卡氏积及两个联并图的卡氏积的距离谱.在此基础之上,我们得到了两个利用联并图与非同谱距离正则等能量图作卡氏积及联并图作卡氏积构造非同谱等距离能量图族的方法.     

Macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids of crotalaria rosenii

Three macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been isolated from the flowers of Crotalaria rosenii. Two of them , madurensine 1 and 7-acetylmadurensine 2 are rare but known alkaloids for which full spectroscopic data have been generated and some erroneous ¹³CNMR data in the literature corrected. Crotaflorine 3, an alkaloid previously given a “probable” structure has been subjected to detailed spectroscopic analysis and shown too have structure 3. The recently introduced “COLOC” NMR technique has been used to distinguish between the two alternative structures 1 and 4.     

LF保序算子空间的ω-导集

研究LF保序算子空间的ω-导集问题。利用LF保序算子空间的ω-远域和ω-聚点等概念,系统讨论了ω-导集的特征性质。     

Optically active cobalt(III) complexes of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane coordinated in a folded configuration

Some optically active cobalt(III) complexes of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (L) coordinated in a folded (cis) configuration, [CoL(XY)]ⁿ⁺ [XY = (R)-propylenediamine (n = 3),(S)-alanine (n = 2) or acetylacetone (n = 2)], have been prepared and separated into isomers by column chromatography. These complexes are characterized spectroscopically and absolute configurations are assumed based on the circular-dichroism spectra.     

Theory of space-charge shift of ion cyclotron resonance frequencies

A theory of ion space-charge influence on the observed ion cyclotron resonance frequency in static field ion traps is presented. The dependence of this influence on ion density, ion cloud shape, and trapping geometry is investigated. Four trapping geometries are specifically analyzed: the Penning trap, the cubical ICR cell, the common rectangular ICR cell, and an elongated ICR cell. This treatment is readily extended to other geometries. The theory applies to common situations where the exciting or detecting antennae fields are not homogeneous, and individual particle motions are excited/detected as opposed to center-of-mass motions.     

龙岩煤不同宏观煤岩组分的颗粒及其燃烧性质实验研究

用浮选法分选出3个密度档、代表不同宏观岩相的龙岩煤颗粒,进行工业分析、元素分析和煤岩分析;并进一步通过扫描电镜结合压汞实验分析颗粒的结构,通过热天平实验研究不同宏观煤岩组分的燃烧性质。结果表明,(1)龙岩煤颗粒的煤岩主要由镜质组组成。其中,亮煤富含镜质组,密度相对较低,挥发分极少、固定碳高达80％以上;暗煤富含矿物质成分,密度极高但含碳量却很少,热值很低,接近于原煤中的矸石。灰煤中惰性组的量是三种岩相中最多的,其工业分析性质与原煤接近;(2)龙岩煤颗粒结构致密,密度在1.6g/cm3以上。颗粒中绝大多数孔隙的孔径在1μm以下。其中亮煤颗粒表面光洁致密,内部孔隙以亚微孔(0.01μm<d<0.10μm)居多,大孔径较少,比表面积较大;暗煤颗粒的表面孔隙较发达,内部结构相对较蓬松,颗粒中细孔、微孔、亚微孔都存在;而灰煤颗粒中的孔隙最不发达,以超微孔(d<0.01μm)为主;(3)不同宏观煤岩组分龙岩煤的着火温度相近,约580℃;但燃尽温度相差较大：亮煤最高,大于800℃;暗煤最低,两者相差约100℃;(4) 龙岩煤不同宏观煤岩颗粒的反应性按亮煤、煤(混煤)、灰煤、暗煤依次递减,亮煤的反应性最好,暗煤的反应性最差。     

镁改性泡沫炭对水中镉(Ⅱ)的吸附性能及去除机理

以酶解木质素液化产物树脂(LP树脂)为前驱体,借助微波加热和直接混合法,成功制得了镁改性泡沫炭(Mg/CF)吸附材料,通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱等对其结构性能进行了分析表征,并借助静态吸附实验对其水中Cd(Ⅱ)的脱除性能进行了考察。结果表明,负载于CF表面的镁以MgO纳米颗粒的形式集中分布于CF的泡孔孔壁上,MgO的负载并未减少CF的比表面积,但可使其微孔孔容增大。该吸附材料对水中Cd(Ⅱ)表现出优越的脱除性能,与单独使用MgO相比,Mg/CF对Cd(Ⅱ)的理论最大吸附容量可达 308.51 mg·g^-1,约为 MgO 的 2.0倍,且平衡吸附时间为 720 min,较 MgO 明显缩短。Mg/CF 对 Cd(Ⅱ)的去除过程满足准二级动力学方程、Langmuir吸附等温线模型,且去除过程为吸热熵增的自发过程。去除机理研究表明,Mg/CF对Cd(Ⅱ)的去除是以离子交换和沉淀等化学作用为主,并伴有物理吸附的过程。