High yield preparation of single crystalline Cd metal nanotubes by non-catalytic thermal decomposition route

Large scale metallic cadmium (Cd) nanotubes with high purity have been obtained on glass substrate by catalyst-free thermal decomposition of cadmium oxide (CdO) powder at 1200 °C for 120 min using argon (Ar) gas as carrier agent inside an alumina tube mounted in horizontal tube furnace. The structural, compositional and morphological characterizations of cadmium nanotubes (CdNTs) were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The CdNTs were observed to be single crystalline with 60–70 nm diameter and tens of micrometre length. Based on vapour–solid (VS) and rolling layer mechanisms, growth process has been proposed for the formation of CdNTs. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectrum for CdNTs recorded under xenon light wavelength of 325 nm exhibited a very prominent emission band at 383 nm which may be ascribed to either surface oxidation effects or radiative recombination of electrons in the s, p conduction band near the Fermi surface and the holes in the d bands generated by xenon light excitation. This shows the promise of CdNTs for applications in UV-light emitting devices.     

Friedel–Crafts alkylation between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes induced by triarylaminium salt

Triarylaminium salt was disclosed as a highly efficient nonmetallic initiator for the Friedel–Crafts reaction between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes to construct a series of complex β-heteroaryl α-ketols in mild conditions and with good yields. Chalcone epoxides were presented as valuable halogen-free pre-electrophile in Friedel–Crafts alkylation through the formation of the stabilized benzylic cation intermediates. A plausible radical cation chain mechanism was also proposed.     

A Six-Coordinate Picrate Nickel(II) Complex Based on the V-Shaped Ligand 1,3-Bis (1-Benzylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-Thiapropane: Synthesis,Crystal Structure,Biological Activities

Abstract

A six-coordinate picrate nickel(II) complex based on the V-shaped ligand 1,3-bis(1-benzylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-thiapropane (L), with the composition [Ni(L)₂](pic)₂, has been synthesized and characterized systematically. The crystal structure of the Ni(II) complex is a six-coordinated octahedron, which is considerably close to ideal octahedral geometry with N₄S₂ donors of the two ligands. Biological activities of compounds were investigated using electronic absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. The results suggested that both ligand L and Ni(II) complex bind to DNA in an intercalative binding mode, and DNA-binding affinity of the Ni(II) complex is stronger than that of ligand L.

[Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements for the following free supplemental files: Additional figures.]     

Surfacial carbonized palygorskite as support for high-performance Pt-based electrocatalysts

Pt nanoparticles deposited on a low-cost, surfacial, carbonized palygorskite (Pt/C-PLS) prepared by carbonizing sucrose were evaluated as a methanol oxidation catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells. Transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transfrom infrared spectrophotometry analyses revealed that carbon was formed on the surface of PLS and that free silica presented in the C-PLS support. The catalytic activity of methanol oxidation of Pt/C-PLS was higher than that of Pt/C, and the former catalyst had better CO tolerance.     

A Highly Selective Colorimetric Sensor for Cu2+ Based on Phenolic Group Biscarbonyl Hydrazone

A novel copper selective sensor 2 based on hydrazide and salicylaldehyde has been designed and prepared. Sensor 2 behaves a single selectivity and sensitivity in the recognition for Cu²⁺ over other metal ions such as Fe³⁺, Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Ca²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Mg²⁺ in DMSO. The distinct color change and the rapid changement of fluorescence emission provide naked‐eyes detection for Cu²⁺. The UV‐vis data indicate that 1:2 stoichiometry complex is formed by sensor 2 and Cu²⁺. The association constant K_s was 3.51×10⁴ mol^?1·L. The detection limitation of Cu²⁺ with the sensor 2 was 2.2×10^?7 mol·L^?1. The sensing of Cu²⁺ by this sensor was found to be reversible, with the Cu²⁺‐induced color being lost upon addition of EDTA.     

Copper-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides with Aqueous Ammonia under Mild Conditions

A Cu(I) generated in situ from CuSO₄·5H₂O/sodium ascorbate catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of aryl halides with aqueous ammonia for the synthesis of primary aromatic amines has been developed. Key to the success included the application of aqueous ammonia under a homogeneous condition.     

具有模拟SOD功能的大分子

生命活动中用于维持生物体内超氧阴离子自由基动态平衡的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)是一类金属酶,属于典型的生物大分子金属络合物,因其在生命活动中所起的重要作用而备受关注。目前,有关SOD的模拟已从小分子化合物的模拟,走向大分子环境与活性中心相结合的系统模拟。本文从高分子化合物角度对模拟SOD的研究进展作一综述,以期为设计并开发具有生物相容且高活性的新型高分子抗氧化剂提供新思路。天然大分子有蛋白质与多肽、多糖、分子聚集体,目前所采用的蛋白质(多肽)是性能稳定的天然蛋白质或通过基因重组技术生物合成的蛋白质或多肽,所采用的多糖类物质主要有右旋糖酐、羧甲基纤维素、壳聚糖等。小分子活性化合物(如金属卟啉、新型肟类为配体的同核与异核复合物、salen型金属配合物等)通过与这些天然大分子结合,在提高活性的同时也改善了其稳定性。将活性小分子物质与分子聚集体(如胶束、脂质体)结合制得的SOD模拟物可以模拟天然SOD在体内的环境,提高抗氧化活性和体内循环时间。合成高分子模拟SOD的工作主要集中于高分子接枝金属配合物的研究,其中典型的合成高分子有聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)、聚L-赖氨酸、聚(苯乙烯-马来酸酐)、聚(环己烷-1,4-丙酮二亚甲基缩酮)、氯化聚苯乙烯树脂、聚乳酸和一些嵌段共聚物,其抗氧化活性与金属配体有关,是一类潜在的抗癌药物。     

Preparation of an amperometric sensor for norfloxacin based on molecularly imprinted grafting photopolymerization

A sensitive amperometric sensor for norfloxacin (NF) was introduced. The receptor layer was prepared by molecularly imprinted photopolymerization of acrylamide and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate on the surface of a gold electrode. The binding mechanism of the molecularly imprinted polymer was explored by ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The chemosensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance (EI), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrode prepared by photopolymerization has a better recognition ability to template molecules than that of electropolymerization and NIP. Some parameters affecting sensor response were optimized. Norfloxacin was detected by measurements of an amperometric i–t curve. The linear relationships between current and logarithmic concentration are obtained from 1.0?×?10^?9 to 1.0?×?10^?3?mol?L^?1. The detection limit of the sensor was 1.0?×?10^?10?mol?L^?1. The proposed method is sensitive, simple, and cheap, and is applied to detect NF in human urine successfully.

An efficient copper-catalyzed N-arylation of amides: synthesis of N-arylacrylamides and 4-amido-N-phenylbenzamides

Copper-catalyzed intermolecular C–N bond-forming reactions between aryl iodides and amides are described using sodium ascorbate, which is both cheap and nontoxic, as the additive. A variety of functionalized amides including some practical, unique secondary amides, such as N-arylacrylamides and 4-amido-N-phenylbenzamides, which are difficult to obtain by the classical methods, are prepared. Furthermore, some tertiary amides are prepared by using copper thiophenecarboxylate.