Exact Fixed-node Quantum Monte Carlo： Self-optimizing Procedure

In this paper, a novel exact fixed-node quantum Monte Carlo (EFNQMC) algorithm was proposed, which is a self-optimizing and self-improving procedure. In contrast to the previous EFN-QMC method, the importance function of this method is optimized synchronistically in the diffusion procedure, but not be-fore beginning the EFNQMC computation. In order to optimize the importance function, the improved steepest descent tech-nique is used, in which the step size is automatically adjustable.The procedure is quasi-Newton type and converges super linear-ly. The present method also uses a novel trial function, which has correct electron-electron and electron-nucleus cusp condi-tious. The novel EFNQMC algorithm and the novel trial func-tion are employed to calculate the energies of 1 ^1A1 state of CH2, ^1Ag state of Cs and the ground-states of H2, LiH, Li2 and H2O.     

HMS和NaY固载酒石酸钛配合物的研究

利用化学键合和“瓶中造船”方法,成功地将酒石酸钛配合物接枝到HMS(heragonal mesoporous silicas)上或包络合于微孔NaY内.FT-IR表征表明酒石酸钛在HMS上是通过与载体表面羟基发生交换作用而被固载的;在NaY载体上则是通过包络合被封装在载体的超笼内.UV-Vis可见漫反射表征表明两类固载型催化剂有着相似的钛配位环境.在催化肉桂醇环氧化反应中,HMS键合型催化剂的反应转化率比NaY包络型催化剂的高;但后者在环氧化选择性上要高于前者.回收样品的重复使用实验结果表明,两类固载型催化剂在重复使用过程中均存在不同程度的失活.     

化学气相沉积法制备氧化锡自组装纳米结构

采用化学气相沉积法在镀有5-10 nm厚金膜的SiO2衬底上, 通过控制生长条件, 实现了二氧化锡纳米结构的自组装生长, 成功制备出了莲花状和菊花状的二氧化锡自组装纳米结构. 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等表征分析手段对样品的表面形貌、结构及成份进行表征和研究. 并在此基础上, 讨论了两种自组装纳米结构的生长机制.     

电化学表面等离子体共振技术

电化学表面等离子体共振(electrochemical surface plasmon resonance, ESPR)技术是近年发展起来的、将表面等离子体共振技术与电化学方法联用的一种新方法.本文在阐明ESPR基本原理及其主要联用方法的基础上,对ESPR技术在金属离子定性/定量分析、纳米薄膜原位动力学研究、电化学聚合反应过程研究、ESPR生物传感等方面的应用进行了详细评述,并提出了提高ESPR检测灵敏度、ESPR与其他技术的联用以及测量装置的微型化、自动化是今后ESPR技术的发展方向.     

Microwave Synthesis, Characterization and DNA-binding Properties of a New Cobalt（ Ⅱ ） Complex with 2,6-Bis（benzimidazol-2-yl）pyridine

A new cobalt(Ⅱ) complex with tridentate ligand 2, 6-bis (benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine has been synthesized by microwave irradiation method and characterized by elemental analysis,electrochemical and spectral methods. The binding of the complex with calf thymus DNA has also been investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectra.     

Simultaneous direct analysis of benzimidazole fungicides and relevant metabolites in agricultural products based on multifunction dispersive solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

A fast and flexible multi-residue procedure for effective extraction of benzimidazole fungicides and the related transformation products in various raw agricultural commodities is developed for direct and simultaneous analysis by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The new sample preparation method, introduced to allow direct extraction of the labile fungicides as the intact forms in complex matrices, is achieved using a conservative homogenizing extraction and multifunction adsorption cleanup (CHEMAC), which basically involves salting-out partitioning/extraction with acetate-buffered acetonitrile at low-temperature and sequential rapid solid-phase dispersive cleanup with a ternary sorbent mixture. The CHEMAC procedure was optimized and further modified by incorporating several pretreatment variables influencing sample stability and process efficiency, such as pH, temperature, salt and sorbent utilized. By using CHEMAC, a noteworthy improvement in extraction recoveries was obtained for the problematic fungicides, while no significant differential matrix effects were detected on the LC–MS/MS analysis in all 9 matrices. The in-source fragmentation of benomyl occurred but caused no cross-talk interference in multi-component analysis. Thus the CHEMAC-based LC–MS/MS strategy can serve as an attractive approach to satisfactory overall process efficiencies (70–92%) with acceptable repeatability (relative standard deviations below 16%) for all the analyte–matrix combinations. Mean accuracies were obtained within the range of 70–110% at fortified levels of 1–500 ng/g, with intra-day and inter-day variations less than 15 and 20%, respectively. The successful practical application of the proposed method to real samples has also been demonstrated.     

Amine- and phosphine-free palladium(II)-catalyzed homocoupling reaction of terminal alkynes

An efficient, amine- and phosphine-free palladium(II)-catalyzed homocoupling of terminal alkynes has been developed. In the presence of PdCl₂, CuI, Me₃NO, and NaOAc, homocoupling of various terminal alkynes underwent smoothly to afford the corresponding diynes in moderate to high yields without any phosphine ligands. In contrast, the presence of a phosphine ligand (PPh₃) disfavored this palladium-catalyzed homocoupling procedure. Bases, solvents, and CuI have fundamental influence on the palladium-catalyzed homocoupling of terminal alkynes.     

五氧化二钒催化环己烯烯丙位氧化

 研究了以五氧化二钒为催化剂,以过氧化氢水溶液为氧源氧化环己烯. 考察了溶剂种类、溶剂用量、催化剂用量和反应温度等因素对催化剂性能的影响. 结果表明,常温下环己烯在此催化体系中主要发生烯丙位氧化反应生成环己烯酮. 溶剂的种类对催化活性和烯丙位酮式氧化的选择性具有较大的影响,丙酮是该反应的合适溶剂. 在丙酮与环己烯的体积比为4, 五氧化二钒与环己烯的质量比为1∶40, 过氧化氢与环己烯的摩尔比为3和反应温度为20 ℃的条件下,反应24 h后的环己烯转化率可达60%以上,环己烯酮选择性可达85%. 催化反应过程中丙酮可能与过氧化氢作用生成过氧化酮,从而进行氧转移,催化剂则经过V5+/V4+物种的循环使环己烯氧化成为环己烯酮等产物.     

由硅醚经脱保护-氧化-Wittig反应一锅法合成,-不饱和酯

在1摩尔醋酸和稳定的Wittig试剂存在下, 活性MnO₂作为氧化剂时, 硅醚发生脱保护-氧化-Wittig反应. 考查了各种硅醚, 诸如苄基硅醚、炔丙基硅醚、烯丙基硅醚和烷基硅醚等作底物在反应性能方面的差异. 该反应使硅醚直接形成碳碳双键而得到α,β-不饱和酯. 产物的结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱表征.     

Dark-state mechanism for the long-time transfer of excitations in a donor–acceptor system

The excitation energy transfer between a donor–acceptor pair with fixed distance apart through energy exchanging with environment is investigated. The total system is modeled as two two-level systems (TLSs) interacting with many harmonic oscillators. The pair behaves coherently or incoherently, depending on whether the dipolar coupling is stronger or weaker than the TLS–environment coupling. The environmental linear dispersion relation gives an analytical solution to the pair?s probability involving all the retardation times. We found that the long-time trapping of energy within the pair is caused by the inhibiting dark-state radiative decay when two TLSs are at half a resonant wavelength.