Nonlinear model order reduction of jointed structures for dynamic analysis

Assembled structures generally show weak nonlinearity, thus it is rather commonplace to assume that their modes are both linear and uncoupled. At small to modest amplitude, the linearity assumption remains correct in terms of stiffness but, on the contrary, the dissipation in joints is strongly amplitude-dependent. Besides, the modes of any large structure may be LOCALLY collinear in the localized region of a joint. As a result the projection of the structure on normal modes is not appropriate since the corresponding generalized coordinates may be strongly coupled. Instead of using this global basis, the present paper deals with the use of a local basis to reduce the size of the problem without losing the nonlinear physics. Under an appropriate set of assumptions, the method keeps the dynamic properties of joints, even for large amplitude, which include coupling effects, nonlinear damping and softening effects. The formulation enables us to take into account FE models of any realistic geometry. It also gives a straightforward process for experimental identification. The formulation is detailed and investigated on a jointed structure.     

Effect of temperature-dependent surface heat transfer coefficient on the maximum surface stress in ceramics during quenching

We study the difference in the maximum stress on a cylinder surface σ_max using the measured surface heat transfer coefficient h_m instead of its average value h_a during quenching. In the quenching temperatures of 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 800°C, the maximum surface stress σ_mmax calculated by h_m is always smaller than σ_amax calculated by h_a, except in the case of 800°C; while the time to reach σ_max calculated by h_m (f_mmax) is always earlier than that by h_a (f_amax). It is inconsistent with the traditional view that σ_max increases with increasing Biot number and the time to reach σ_max decreases with increasing Biot number. Other temperature-dependent properties also have a small effect on the trend of their mutual ratios with quenching temperatures. Such a difference between the two maximum surface stresses is caused by the dramatic variation of h_m with temperature, which needs to be considered in engineering analysis.     

Recent developments of di-amide/imide-containing small molecular non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells

Non-fullerene organic solar cells have received increasing attentions in these years, and great progresses have been made since 2013. Among them, aromatic di-amide/imide-containing frameworks have shown promising applications. The outstanding properties of them are highly associated with their unique electronic and structural features, such as strong electron-withdrawing nature, broad absorption in UV-visible region, tunable HOMO/LUMO energy levels, easy modifications, and excellent chemical, thermal and photochemical stabilities. In this review, we give an overview of recent developments of aromatic diamide/imide-containing small molecules used as electron acceptors for organic solar cells.     

Multilevel profiling and identification of Dalbergia odorifera and Dalbergia stevensonii by FTIR,NMR and GC/MS

Chemical differences of the extractives revealed by FTIR methods can be further confirmed by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. Meanwhile, the volatile compounds in the extractives can be identified by GC/MS     

An In situ Study on the Orderly Crystal Growth of Pluronic F127 Block Copolymer Blended with and without Ionic Liquid during Isothermal Crystallization

Isothermal crystallization behavior of Pluronic F127 blended with and without an ionic liquid (IL) was investigated by in situ polarized optical microscopy (POM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For the pure F127, the POM and FTIR results showed that the spherulite size and crystallinity of F127 increased with the melting temperature increasing to 60, 80, and 135°C. This could be explained by the flexibility of the polymer chain at high melting temperatures. For the F127 blended with IL, the POM results showed that the morphology of F127 evolved from spherulite to dendritic segregation and fibrous crystal with the increasing IL content. FTIR results indicated that hydrogen bonds were formed between F127 and IL, and the intensity of the hydrogen bonds became strengthened gradually with increasing IL content. The effect of hydrogen bonds on the morphology evolution of F127/IL is discussed.     

Phlogopite-based glass ceramics

The technological process for preparing phlogopite-based glass ceramics was studied. The transformation of microstructure in the crystallization process, and the factors influencing the electrical properties of the material, are emphatically discussed.     

Propagation behavior of threading dislocations during physical vapor transport growth of silicon carbide (SiC) single crystals

The dislocation formation and propagation processes in physical vapor transport (PVT) grown 4H silicon carbide (4H–SiC) single crystals have been investigated using defect selective etching and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that while the growth initiation process generally increased the density of threading dislocations in the grown crystal, for certain areas of the crystal, threading dislocations were terminated at the growth initiation. Foreign polytype inclusions also introduced a high density of dislocations at the polytype boundary. In the polytype-transformed areas of the crystal, almost no medium size hexagonal etch pits due to threading screw dislocations were observed, indicating that the foreign polytype inclusions had ceased the propagation of threading screw dislocations. Based on these results, we argued the formation and propagation of the threading dislocations in PVT grown SiC crystals, and proposed the dislocation conversion process as a plausible cause of the density reduction of threading dislocations during the PVT growth of SiC single crystals.     

新型含硫(氧)肟醚衍生物的合成、杀虫活性及其结构活性关系研究

通过1-芳基含硫(氧)酮肟与相应的拟除虫菊醇卤化物在氢氧化钠和相转移催化剂条件下反应或1-芳基含硫(氧)酮肟与相应的拟除虫菊醇卤化物的三乙基季胺盐在氢氧化钠条件下反应, 合成了1-芳基含硫(氧)酮O-苄基肟醚C1～C96共96个化合物. 它们的结构经质谱, 1H NMR, IR和元素分析确证. 生物活性测定结果表明, 该类化合物对鳞翅目和同翅目害虫表现出显著活性, C74和C93对粘虫、叶蝉的活性[LC50/(mg•L－1)]分别为1.4, 0.63和0.31, 1.2. 优于对照药氰戊菊酯.     

Carbon dots and polyurethane composite for photo-induced elimination of uranium under air atmosphere

Uranium is the main fuel of nuclear power and elimination uranium from nuclear wastewater is significant both in environmental protection and fuel recycle. Here we report for the first time the synthesis of carbon dots/polyurethane(CDs/PU) composite materials for the photoinduced elimination of uranium from water. Irradiated with visible light, CDs/PU could eliminate uranium efficiently with the generation of(UO₂)O₂·2H₂O as solid products in air. The further inve...     

Cooperative coupling of photocatalytic production of H2O2 and oxidation of organic pollutants over gadolinium ion doped WO3 nanocomposite

This work reported the lanthanide ion (Gd³⁺) doped tungsten trioxide (Gd-WO₃) nanocrystal for remarkable promoted photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and simultaneous in-situ H₂O₂ production. With doped lanthanide ion (Gd³⁺), Gd-WO₃ showed a much broad and enhanced solar light absorption, which not only promoted the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of organic compounds, but also provided a suitable bandgap for direct reduction of oxygen to H₂O₂. Additionally, the isolated Gd³⁺ on WO₃ surface can efficiently weaken the *OOH binding energy, increasing the activity and selectivity of direct reduction of oxygen to H₂O₂, with a rate of 0.58 mmol L⁻¹ g⁻¹ h⁻¹. The in-situ generated H₂O₂ can be subsequently converted to ^•OH based on Fenton reaction, further contributed to the overall removal of organic pollutants. Our results demonstrate a cascade photocatalytic oxidation-Fenton reaction which can efficiently utilize photo-generated electrons and holes for organic pollutants treatment.