热挤压铸造新型镁合金微观组织及细胞生物活性分析

采用热挤压铸造工艺制造新型镁合金, Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn (平衡-3-0.2-0.4-0.2%)基, 研究了新型镁合金表面特征、力学性能及细胞生物活性. 选择NZ30K添加Mn元素制成新镁合金, 挤压前通过均匀化热处理, 减少挤压过程中铸态合金中的粗大析出相以及树枝晶形成的带状组织. 光谱测试分析合金成分; 显微观察合金铸态、横纵截面; 扫描电镜扫描; X射线衍射分析. 将合金制成金属棒、螺钉、接骨板等形状, 测试力学性能. 进行体外细胞培养, 利用DMEM完全培养基制作镁合金浸提液, 滤膜过滤后4℃保存; 大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞提取培养, 待细胞生长至70%~80%传代于24孔板种板, 添加浸提液培养12、24、36h, 利用线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒检测细胞凋亡活性. 以纯镁作为对照组, 进行力学性能测试及细胞活性凋亡测试. 热挤压后合金的组织由细小的再结晶晶粒与变形晶粒组成, 与铸态合金相比, 其组织明显细化. 经挤压加工后, Mg-3Nd-0.2Zn-0.4Zr-0.2Mn合金横截面为细小的等轴晶组织, 组织均匀性好; 纵截面出现了晶粒尺寸相对较大的长条状组织, 组织均匀性稍差. 扫描电镜图显示Mg-3Nd-0.2Zn-0.4Zr-0.2Mn合金中第二相颗粒沿挤压方向被碾碎成更细小的颗粒, 只有非常少量的弥散分布的颗粒状析出相, 而在该合金中有较多被碾碎的第二相, 发生了明显的动态再结晶, 挤压后获得的组织不均匀, 大晶粒被发生再结晶的小晶粒包围. 从X射线衍射图中可以看出该合金铸态组织主要由α-Mg、Mn、Mg12Nd和Y相等这几相组成. 力学性能测试表明, 新型镁合金综合力学性能明显优于纯镁金属. 短期细胞培养中, 新型镁合金无明显细胞毒性, 对细胞生长有积极促进作用. 新型镁合金热挤压后的横截面为细小等轴晶组织, 组织明显细化且均匀性好, 力学性能有极大提升; 在短期细胞培养过程中新型镁合金与纯镁都表现出无细胞毒性, 新型镁合金对细胞活性的提升优于纯镁组.     

岩石断裂韧度试样CCNBD临界应力强度因子的全新数值标定

国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）提出的用人字型切槽巴西圆盘（Cracked Chevron Notched Brazilian Disc—CCNBD）测试岩石I型断裂韧度所必需的量纲为一的临界应力强度因子Y＊min的精度需要进一步改进。本文对CCNBD试样的Y＊min进行了系统的重新标定,CCNBD的几何参数有效范围为0.44≤αB≤1.04、0≤α0≤0.69、0.4≤α1≤0.8。采用有限单元法对CCNBD做三维数值分析,得到了435种CCNBD试样的Y＊min值标定结果;在此基础上全面修正了CCNBD试样Y＊min计算公式中u和v的取值表;给出了不用查表直接确定CCNBD试样Y＊min值的近似表达式,该表达式计算结果与标定结果的相对误差绝对值在1.87%以内。对于ISRM建议的CCNBD标准试样的Y＊min值：ISRM标定值0.84比本文结果0.957小12.2%;分片合成法标定值0.947比本文结果小1.0%;子模型法标定值0.943比本文结果小1.5%。本文特别强调了任何CCNBD试样Y＊min的取值必须在它对应的上限和下限所限定的范围内,这一要求对判断Y＊min标定值是否合理是很重要的。     

Contact potential barriers and characterization of Ag-doped composite TiO2 nanotubes

Ag-doping TiO₂ composite nanotubes (Ag-TNTs) were synthesized by alkaline fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment. The microstructure and morphology of the materials were characterized by XRD, TEM, XPS, SPS (surface photovoltage spectroscopy), FISPS (electric field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy) and Raman spectroscopy. First-principles calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT) showed the formation of several impurity levels near the top of the valence band in the band gap (E_g) of rutile TiO₂ due to Ag doping. A “double junction” is proposed, involving a Schottky junction and p–n junction (denoted as “Ag-p–n junction”) occurring between the Ag particles and the nanotube surface, as well as forming inside TiO₂ nanotubes, respectively. The strongly built-in electric field of the junctions promotes the separation of photo-holes and photoelectrons, enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency. XRD results indicated that the composite Ag-TNTs exist as a mixture of anatase and rutile phases. XPS results showed that Ti⁴⁺ is the primary state of Ti. Raman spectral analysis of Ag-TNTs revealed the presence of a new peak at 271 cm⁻¹. The red-shift of the absorption light wavelength of Ag-TNTs was 0.16 eV (20 nm) due to a considerable narrowing of E_g by the existing impurity levels.     

一例简单的席夫碱探针对次氯酸根的荧光开启识别及生物成像应用

通过缩合反应制备了一例简单的席夫碱探针苯并色烯-2-甲醛缩二氨基马来腈(1),使用核磁共振氢谱/碳谱、质谱和单晶X射线衍射等手段表征了探针的结构。荧光测试表明,探针1自身无荧光,而次氯酸根(ClO^-)能够特异性打开探针1在530 nm处的强荧光发射。探针1对ClO^-响应灵敏且在数秒内完成。通过质谱和理论计算手段研究了ClO^-介导的探针1的分解反应机理。此外,该探针还可用于活细胞、斑马鱼和拟南芥中ClO^-的荧光成像。     

Synthesis of 4-(2,2-dibromovinyl)phenol and its one-pot esterification

In situ treatment of 4-(2,2-dibromovinyl)phenol, which was prepared from 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and carbon tetrabromide in CH₂Cl₂ under Corey?CFuchs conditions, with a diverse range of acids in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) gave the corresponding esters in high yields.     

一种应用距离选通成像技术的微光望远镜

利用红外波长的激光对微光系统进行辅助照明,改善目标区域的环境照度和对比度,使目标从视场中凸显出来,提高微光系统的探测距离,改善观察效果。采用距离选通技术,合理匹配激光脉冲与选通像增强器的工作时序,屏蔽目标前后非目标反射光以及来自大气中悬浮微粒产生的杂散光干扰,解决同轴照明后向散射问题,达到只观察选定距离内目标的目的。通过微光选通望远镜的工程实践,将激光距离选通技术成功地运用于微光探测领域中,在无月星光,照度为110-3lx,大气能见度为10 km条件下,对中型坦克或卡车侧面目标的识别距离可达到1 400 m。     

Oxygen reduction at silver monolayer islands deposited on gold substrate

Underpotential deposition (UPD) of Ag on an Au(1 1 1) coated with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of decanethiol gives Ag islands having monatomic height. After reductive desorption of the SAM, Ag monolayer islands were exposed and their catalytic activities for oxygen reduction were examined by voltammetry and hanging meniscus rotating disk (HMRD) measurements. Comparison of electrochemical properties and STM images of electrodes revealed that an island with less than 750 Ag-atoms showed two-electron reduction and that an island with over than 4000 Ag-atoms is necessary to show the original ability of four-electron reduction.     

Spectral densities and nuclear spin relaxation in solids

We investigate the properties of ten spectral densities relevant for nuclear spin relaxation studies in solids. This is preceded by a brief review of nuclear spin relaxation in solids which includes a discussion of the appropriate spin-dependent interactions and the various relaxation rates which can be measured. Also, the link between nuclear spin relaxation and dielectric relaxation is discussed. Where possible and/or appropriate each of the spectral densities is expressed as a continuous distribution of Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound (or Debye) spectral densities 2ξ /(1 + ξ² ω²) for nuclear Larmor angular frequency ω and correlation time ξ. The spectral densities are named after their originators or the shape of the distributions of correlation times or both and are (1) Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound or δ-function, (2) Havriliak-Negami, (3) Cole-Cole, (4) Davidson-Cole, (5) Fang, (6) Fuoss-Kirkwood, (7) Bryn Mawr, (8) Wagner or log-Gaussian, (9) log-Lorentzian, and (10) Fröhlich or energy box. The Havriliak-Negami spectral density is related to the Dissado-Hill theory for dielectric relaxation. The spectral densities are expressed in a way which makes them easy to compare with each other and with experimental data. Many plots of the distributions of correlation times and of the spectral densities vs. various correlation times characterizing the distributions are given.     

三维云影像骨科临床价值研究

旨在研究骨科三维云影像对骨折患者和主治医生在围手术期过程中的临床价值.对150例骨折病例进行研究,为其中一半患者提供骨科三维云影像;针对患者对病情及手术方案的认知度、主治医生术前规划的充分程度以及主治医生对于手术结果的满意度三方面,分别设计相应问题,通过问卷调查统计结果,并利用Spearman系数的相关分析和有序多分类...