Efficient nonthermal plasma degradation of toluene over NiO catalyst with limited NOx generation

Research on Chemical Intermediates - A problem encountered during nonthermal plasma destruction of pollutants in gas streams containing air is that high levels of nitrogen oxides may also be formed...     

Force transmissibility of a two-stage vibration isolation system with quasi-zero stiffness

Nonlinear Dynamics - A quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator outperforms other passive control strategies in vibration attenuation especially in a low-frequency band, but it also has an...     

Integrated CFD-aided theoretical demonstration of cavitation modulation in self-sustained oscillating jets

Self-sustained oscillating jets are widely utilized in various industries, and their oscillation frequencies are closely related to their performance efficiencies. The oscillation frequency is affected by cavitation in practical situations, and cavitation effects vary with geometry. In the present study, the computation fluid dynamics (CFD)-aided method is used to investigate the different modulation mechanisms induced by cavitation in high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) nozzles. The results indicate that the modified numerical model can reproduce the cavitation evolution in different nozzles and provide information to aid theoretical and experimental analyses. Based on the wave theory, it is found that the cavitation structures determine the LF nozzle oscillation frequency by dominating the disturbed volume bounded by the shear layer and chamber walls. In the case of HF nozzle, the growth and collapse of cavitation are regarded as the major excitation sources affecting oscillation frequency. In addition, the frequency is predicted using the CFD-aided method at various cavitation numbers, which is beneficial to the utilization of self-sustained oscillating jets.     

基于微通道液氮换热的脉冲磁体快速冷却方法研究北大核心CSCD

影响脉冲磁体重频运行能力的关键因素是磁体的冷却速度。提出了一种脉冲磁体快速冷却方法:在磁体导体内开微小通道,在通道内注入液氮,通过增大导体与液氮之间的直接接触面积(换热面积)、液氮单相流动换热、液氮流动沸腾换热这三个途径来大幅提高导体的冷却速度,与此同时尽可能减小对脉冲磁体性能(磁场强度、脉宽和内直径)的影响。阐述了基于微通道内液氮流动、沸腾换热的脉冲磁体快速冷却方法的原理,开展了数值模拟和验证性试验,结果表明,对于25 T的20 mm口径脉冲磁体,采用快速冷却方法,30 s即可冷却至初始温度,为磁体仅浸泡在液氮中的冷却时间(600 s)的5%,冷却速度提高了19倍。     

碳纤维布载三维网状聚苯胺在RCl(R=H,Li,Na,K)水溶液中的电容性能对比

通过电化学聚合法制备了碳纤维布载三维网状聚苯胺电极,采用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪和X射线光电子能谱仪观察了电极形貌,并分析了电极表面特征基团。 接着,对比研究了该电极在4种RCl(R=H,Li,Na,K)水溶液中的电容性能。 电化学测试表明,在KCl中的电势窗口(1.8 V)大于在HCl和LiCl中的电势窗口,且在KCl中的比电容(501 F/g@0.5 A/g)远远大于NaCl中的比电容;即使在10 A/g的充放电电流下,电极在KCl溶液中的能量密度仍高于HCl溶液中2.0 A/g下的能量密度,因此KCl为聚苯胺基电容器最佳的电解质类型。 本文通过简单地改变水系溶液中电解质的种类,即可达到拓宽电势窗口、显著提升电化学电容器能量密度的目的,避免了使用有机溶液带来的物理化学稳定性差、污染环境的问题。     

矩形通道高宽比对单相层流特性的影响

通过分析壁面切应力,比较了不同高宽比矩形通道宽边和窄边壁面摩擦阻力特性. 结果表明宽边摩擦阻力随高宽比的减小而急剧增加;窄边摩擦阻力变化趋势与宽边相反,但变化幅度比宽边小;总摩擦阻力随高宽比的减小而增大. 宽边摩擦阻力占总摩擦阻力的份额随高宽比的增加而减小,且高宽比越大,变化速率越慢. 高宽比对窄边局部切应力的影响很小,对宽边局部切应力的大小和分布形状均有明显影响. 采用能量梯度法,对不同高宽比矩形通道内单相层流-湍流转捩雷诺数进行求解,并将理论计算结果整理成多项式,其预测值和实验值有很好的一致性.     

On the density of surface acoustic waves and surface thermodynamics in a piezoelectric

Piezoelectricity introduces new modes and modifies part of the elastic vibrational spectrum for both bulk and surface waves. This has a direct bearance on surface thermodynamics. A simple phenomenological model is studied analytically and exactly. This bears out the basic physics involved and allows for a quick and easy estimate of the changes to be expected, which turn out to be substantial.     

A memristor-based chaotic oscillator for weak signal detection and its circuitry realization

Nonlinear Dynamics - A new type of weak signal detection system that combines the memristor and Van der pol-Duffing chaotic system has been proposed in this paper, and the dynamic characteristics...     

等效分析法在分析老龄化船舶抗碰撞性能中的应用

为了简化评估结构疲劳损伤后的抗碰撞性能,仿照结构蠕变分析中的等时应力-应变曲线的思想,提出了一种基于应变等效的等效分析法,并与通常的一般分析方法进行了比较。对比分析结果表明:等效分析法与通常的一般分析方法模拟的结构最大抗破坏作用力几乎相同,并且两者模拟的结构破坏能相对误差较小。这验证了等效分析法的有效性,说明等效分析法可用于船舶全寿命期内抗碰撞性能的快速评估。     

气泡碰撞亲疏水曲壁的行为特性研究

气泡碰撞固壁行为和影响因素的研究一直以来都是科学界关注的重点之一, 其在矿物浮选、气膜减阻等工业领域中的应用也极具科研价值. 论文聚焦曲壁对于气泡撞击行为特性的影响研究. 采用高速摄像技术记录气泡碰撞不同曲率半径下亲疏水曲壁的撞击过程, 分析了曲壁润湿性、曲率半径对气泡碰撞固体曲壁的影响规律. 结果表明, 气泡碰撞亲水曲壁时会发生多次弹跳直至离开曲壁; 曲率半径越大, 弹跳次数越少, 且第一次反弹的最远距离越近, 再次发生碰壁时的速度越小. 而碰撞疏水曲壁时会出现碰撞?滑移?附着的现象, 此外针对液膜挤压破裂的现象, 建立理论模型推导出液膜诱导时间的预测公式, 其主要与液膜厚度、液膜临界破裂厚度和液膜被压缩速度有关, 预测误差小于5.0%.