金字塔点阵圆筒结构轴向弹性波传递特性研究

点阵结构的周期和多孔特征使其相较于普通的实体结构具有轻质、耐冲击、减振降噪和高比强度等优势, 在航空航天和船舰等领域具有十分广泛的应用前景. 本文以金字塔点阵圆筒结构为对象, 根据单胞的宽、高和阵列的个数等独立的结构参数进行参数化建模, 并利用商用有限元软件计算了点阵圆筒结构轴向振动特性. 通过无量纲手段针对归一化频率和相对带宽, 系统研究了单胞的宽、高以及杆件直径等关键参数对减振效果的影响. 根据参数分析的结果, 设计了一种具有低频宽带减振性能的金字塔点阵圆筒结构. 使用增材制造技术制作了样件, 并进行了振动测试实验, 结果表明, 实验和有限元模拟的结果基本一致, 在500~1500 Hz范围内, 结构表现出明显的减振效果, 平均的衰减强度达到了50 dB左右.      

Filtration characteristics of fibrous filter following an electrostatic precipitator

This study presents the results of investigations of a hybrid electrostatic filtration system (HEFS), which combines an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and a fibrous filter installed downstream of the ESP. The particles escaping from the ESP carry large amount of charge and this can increase the filtration efficiency of the fibrous filter. The filtration characteristics, including the efficiency, pressure drop and ozone generation, were investigated experimentally. The influence of system parameters, including the filter type, applied voltage, and distance between the ESP and fibrous filter on the overall efficiency were also studied. The measured results show that utilizing the non-high-efficient fibrous filter to remove the charged particle could provide a much higher efficiency without adding the pressure drop due to the electrostatic force. If the efficiency was similar, the ozone generated by HEFS was much lower than that of the single ESP. The results proved that filter efficiency increased with a higher applied voltage and higher initial mechanical filtration efficiency. The distance between the filter and ESP had no influence on the system filtration efficiency. The efficiency of filter in HEFS supplied with the positive voltage was slightly lower than for the negative voltage. In addition, the mathematical model was utilized to model the air filter efficiency in HEFS. The modeled and measured results agreed reasonably. Overall conclusion is that the HEFS could operate at a high efficiency with the lower applied voltage, ozone generation and pressure drop.     

2D/2D atomic double-layer WS2/Nb2O5 shell/core nanosheets with ultrafast interfacial charge transfer for boosting photocatalytic H2 evolution

Low-efficiency charge transfer is a critical factor to limit the photocatalytic H₂ evolution activity of semiconductor photocatalysts. The interface design is a promising approach to achieve high charge-transfer efficiency for photocatalysts. Herein, a new 2D/2D atomic double-layer WS₂/Nb₂O₅ shell/core photocatalyst (DLWS/Nb₂O₅) is designed. The atom-resolved HAADF-STEM results unravel the presence of an unusual 2D/2D shell/core interface in DLWS/Nb₂O₅. Taking advantage of the advanced femtosecond-resolved ultrafast TAS spectra, the average lifetime of charge carriers for DLWS/Nb₂O₅ (180.97 ps) is considerably shortened as compared to that of Nb₂O₅ (230.50 ps), strongly indicating that the 2D/2D shell/core interface enables DLWS/Nb₂O₅ to achieve ultrafast charge transfer from Nb₂O₅ to atomic double-layer WS₂, thus yielding a high photocatalytic H₂ evolution rate of 237.6 μmol/h, up to 10.8 times higher than that of pure Nb₂O₅ nanosheet. This study will open a new window for the development of high-efficient photocatalytic systems through the interface design.     

大尺寸太赫兹平顶波束的产生研究

为了实现低频段太赫兹高斯波束整形为大尺寸平顶波束,提出了一种利用双相位板结构设计大尺寸平顶波束整形系统的方法。基于Input-Output算法,利用角谱理论计算系统参数,同时对所设计系统进行了数值仿真并搭建了实验系统,验证了出射光场的横向强度分布是否符合预期。结果表明,所设计的双相位板整形系统能够成功将0.1 THz高斯波束转换为百毫米尺寸的平顶波束,仿真结果与理论较为接近,证明了设计系统的合理性。实验中波束直径达到228 mm,虽存在部分能量泄漏,但是平坦程度很好,相对均方根甚至优于理论和仿真结果,可达89%以上,充分说明了设计方法的有效性。     

Compression after impact of flax/PLA biodegradable composites

A study of the impact behaviour and the post-impact residual strength of fully biodegradable composites is presented in this work. To this end, low-velocity impact tests and compressive residual strength tests were carried out on flax/PLA laminates. The results were compared with carbon/epoxy laminates, showing some important advantages in terms of absorbed energy and normalized residual strength. The reason was attributed to different energy absorption mechanisms; the main failure mode in flax/PLA laminates is fibre failure while residual strength of carbon/epoxy laminates is dominated by delaminations.     

基于水下成像系统模型的水下图像超分辨率重建技术研究

水下成像技术在诸多领域获得了越来越多的应用,然而由于受到成像器件参数、水体特性等成像系统参数的影响,水下图像的分辨率普遍较低、像质较差。基于包括点扩散函数、衍射极限等水下成像系统模型的图像超分辨率重建技术,能够在提高图像分辨率的同时增强图像质量。为了尽可能提高图像分辨率,建立了基于光束传播理论的超分辨率成像模型,并将其应用于水下脉冲激光距离选通成像结果图像的超分辨率重构。重构实验的结果表明,所提出的方法可以有效地提高水下成像的分辨率和质量。     

Experimental and numerical investigations of tip injection on tip clearance flow in an axial turbine cascade

This investigation presents detailed experimental measurements of an active tip-clearance control method based on tip injection in a high-turning axial turbine cascade. Besides that, numerical investigations are also conducted to study phenomena which are not easily measured in the experiments. It aims to study the influence of tip injection on tip clearance flow, with emphasis on the effects of injection locations. Detailed flow field measurements were made downstream of the cascade using a three-hole probe. Static pressure distributions were also measured on the blade surface at 50% and 97.5% span, respectively. The results suggest that tip injection can weaken tip clearance flow, reducing the tip clearance mass flow and its associated losses. Meanwhile, the heat transfer condition on the blade tip surface can be also improved significantly. It also can be found that injection chordwise location plays an important role in the redistribution of secondary flow within the cascade passage. When the same number of injection holes and injection mass flow are applied, holes located in the aft part of blade can perform much better than that in the front part.     

Vibration analysis of pipelines with arbitrary branches by absorbing transfer matrix method

Branched pipes of arbitrary shapes are prevalent in pipe systems. Considering fluid–structure interaction (FSI), an absorbing transfer matrix method in frequency domain for fluid-filled pipelines with any branched pipes is proposed in this paper. A dominant chain of pipeline would be selected, and the point transfer matrix of each junction on the dominant chain would be determined. Here, the point transfer matrix, representing the influence of branched pipes at the junction on the dominant pipeline, was “absorbed” by the dominant chain. Based on these, with transfer matrixes of other elements, the fluid and structure dynamics problem could be solved following the chain transfer matrix method process.     

THE OSCILLATION MODE OF INCOMPRESSIBLE CAVITY FLOW

采用二维大涡模拟方法进行了空腔水流场的数值计算, 考察空腔前缘动量损失厚度及来流速度等因素如何影响空腔流的振荡, 同时考察了空腔长深比与空腔流振荡模式的关系. 用空腔水流场的粒子图像测速测量结果验证了数值计算的可信性.结果表明, 空腔水流是否发生振荡取决于壁面摩擦速度.瞬时涡结构和空腔阻力系数2个方面的特征显示空腔水流场有2种典型的振荡模式, 剪切层模式与尾流模式, 确定振荡模式的关键因素是空腔长深比.