Keggin结构过氧铌钨磷杂多配合物的合成、表征及催化性能

钼钨的杂多化合物（HPC）在催化、电催化、分子材料、药物等诸多领域中已显示出独特的功能。含过氧金属离子取代的杂多阴离子在催化以过氧化氢为氧化剂的烯烃环氧化反应中具有很高的活性和选择性。近年来,含铌的杂多配合物由于良好的催化活性和抗病毒性,引起了人们的重视。本文合成了8种Keggin结构过氧铌钨磷杂多配合物,并用红外、紫外吸收光谱、极谱-循环伏安、及^183W NMR谱等测试手段对其结构和性质进行了确定和比较,考察了它们对烯烃环氧化反应的催化活性。     

三维有序大孔Ag/ZrO2-TiO2：制备及紫外光催化降解染料和水杨酸性能

采用聚苯乙烯(PS)微球作为模板剂,经溶胶-凝胶及煅烧后处理的方法制备了三维有序大孔(3DOM)复合材料Ag/ZrO2-TiO2。通过FTIR、XRD、XPS、N2吸附-脱附和SEM-EDS等对其进行了表征。结果显示,经PS微球作用后的复合材料Ag/ZrO2-TiO2具有锐钛矿晶型结构,其Ag以单质形式存在。该复合材料的孔结构高度有序,属三维有序大孔,平均孔直径为120 nm,孔壁由紧密堆积的Ag/ZrO2-TiO2纳米晶粒组成,孔收缩率约为40%。该复合材料表现出较好的紫外光催化降解水杨酸和甲基橙等染料性能,其活性明显高于商用光催化剂(Degussa P-25)、Ag/ZrO2-TiO2和3DOM ZrO2-TiO2,在90 min内对甲基橙的降解率达80.1%。     

Substituent-dependent fluorescent sensors for zinc ions based on carboxamidoquinoline

A series of carboxamidoquinoline-based fluorescent sensors (the AQZ family) were synthesized and characterized. The AQZ family members were highly soluble in water and showed good selectivity for Zn(2+)via enhanced fluorescence in aqueous buffer solution. Fluorescence signals could be tuned from dual-wavelength ratiometric changes to changes in the intensity of a single wavelength upon binding Zn(2+) through the introduction of different substituents onto the quinoline ring. Concentrations of free Zn(2+) of 10(-5)-10(-6) M could be detected using the sensors. Changes of substituents and their positions on the quinoline ring influenced the sensitivity for Zn(2+), but had little effect on Zn(2+) affinities.     

竞争包合荧光光度法测定诺氟沙星

以中性红(NR)为荧光探针,利用羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)能够与中性红(NR)形成包合物,从而使中性红的荧光强度大大增强,而诺氟沙星的加入使NR-HP-β-CD体系的荧光猝灭,以此建立了荧光猝灭法测定诺氟沙星的新方法。在优化的实验条件下,诺氟沙星工作曲线的线性范围为:6.3×10-8～1.3×10-6mol/L,检出限为:1.9×10-8mol/L。方法可用于环境水样中痕量诺氟沙星的测定,回收率在98.4%～104.0%之间。     

Catalytic pyrolysis of Phragmites (reed): Investigation of its potential as a biomass feedstock

In this paper, thermogravimetry, TG, and pyrolysis are used for the thermochemical evaluation of the common reed (Pragmites australis) as a candidate biomass feedstock. The TG analysis indicated that the material loses 4% of its weight below 150 °C through dehydration. The main decomposition reaction occurs between 200 and 390 °C. The rate of weight loss, represented by the derivative thermogravimetric, DTG, signal indicated a multi-step reaction. Kinetic analysis helped in the resolution of the temperature ranges of the overlapping steps. The first step corresponds to the degradation of the hemi-cellulosic fraction and the second to the cellulosic fraction degradation. The TG and DTG signals of reed samples treated with increasing concentration of potassium carbonate (0.6–10 wt%) indicated a catalytic effect of the salt on reed decomposition. The temperature of maximum weight loss rate, DTGmax, exponentially decreased with increasing catalyst content, whilst the initial temperature of the decomposition decreased linearly. The pyrolysis studies were carried out in a Pyrex vertical reactor with sintered glass disc to hold the sample and to aid the fluidization with the nitrogen stream flowing upwards. The reactor was connected to a cyclone and condenser and a gas sampling device. Tar and char are collected and weighed. The gas chromatographic analysis of the evolved gases demonstrated the effect of pyrolysis temperature (400, 450, and 500 °C) on their composition. The temperature increase favors the yields of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and hydrogen at the expense of methanol and carbon dioxide. Similarly, reed samples treated with K2CO3 at 10 wt% were pyrolyzed and analyzed. Comparisons for the various parameters (yields, gas composition and carbon–hydrogen recovery) between the untreated and catalyzed reed conversion were also made.     

三丁基锡/SBA-15功能配合物的合成、表征及对Friedel-Crafts反应的选择性催化

将三丁基氯化锡与SBA-15介孔分子筛在N2气气氛中进行回流反应,得到有机锡无机配合物(C4H9)3Sn-O-SBA-15[Bu3SnS]。 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、氮气吸附脱附、固体核磁（NMR）和吡啶吸附脱附红外光谱分析(Py-IR)等方法对产物的组成、结构和性质进行了表征。 结果表明,产物Bu3SnS具有高度有序的六方介孔结构,与SBA-15相比,Bu3SnS比表面积、孔容和孔径变小,酸性增强。 Bu3SnS对苯甲醚Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应具有优异的催化性能,当反应温度为130 ℃,n（苯甲醚）∶n（苯甲酰氯）=1.0∶2.0,w（cat）=6%（相对于苯甲醚用量）,反应时间为5 h,苯甲醚的转化率达到76.0%,对甲氧基二苯酮（p-MBP）选择性达到97.8%。     

流动注射测碘仪研制及测定西地碘含片中碘

基于流动注射分析(FIA)-离子选择电极(ISE)技术,研制了一种流动注射测碘仪,建立了流动注射药碘测定方法。在ISE电极架内设计了反流管,使溶液离开ISE膜表面反流至参比电极的安置腔内后,能够迅速从四个微型沟道流出,提高了测碘仪的响应速度。参比电极与ISE电极间有上下双沟道设计,保证参比电极的盐桥端没有气泡经过,参比电位稳定。测量碘的线性范围为0.0497～4 mg/L,线性相关系数为0.9988,检出限为0.0497 mg/L。方法可用于西地碘含片中碘含量的测定。     

Enhanced recognition of non-complementary hybridization by single-LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes

Locked nucleic acid (LNA) is a deoxyribonucleotide analogue with an unusual ‘locked’ furanose conformation. LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes have demonstrated an enhanced binding affinity towards their complementary strands; however, their potential to discriminate non-complementary hybridization of mismatches has not been explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of the chemical nature of LNA nucleobases on the hybridization stability and the capability of LNA-modified oligonucleotides to discriminate the LNA:DNA mismatched base pairs. It was observed that LNA modification indeed improves the discrimination capability of oligonucleotides by increasing the melting temperature differences between the complementary duplexes and hybrids containing mismatches. Particularly, LNA purines offer a greater potential to recognize the mismatches than LNA pyrimidines and DNA purines. Real-time PCR experiments further confirmed that LNA modifications at the 3′-end are more effective. The results and conclusions in this study provide useful information for hybridization-based nucleic acid analysis where designing sound oligonucleotide probes is crucial to the success of the analyses.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

汞—双硫腙络合物稳定常数和摩尔吸光系数的光度法研究

以Tween-20为增溶剂,用直接光度法研究了汞与双硫腙络合物的组成,以及该络合物的稳定常数和摩尔吸光系数。测得络合物的最大配位数为4,积累稳定常数分别为:β_1=3.77×10~4,β_2=8.03×10~6,β_3=7.75×10~9,β_4=5.60×10~(12)”。相应的摩尔吸光系数分别为:△ε_1=3.98×10~4,△ε_2=4.18×10~4,△ε=4.25×10~4,△ε_4=4.35×10~4。     

Electrochemically promoted photocatalytic oxidation of nitrite ion by using rutile form of TiO2/Ti electrode

The photocatalytic oxidation of nitrite ion in a NaCl aqueous solution using the rutile form of TiO₂/Ti as the working electrode was studied. Experimental results indicate that the rutile form of TiO₂/Ti film electrode has excellent photoactivity by applying a bias potential and irradiation simultaneously. The incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of this working electrode is a function of the applying bias potential. The photocurrent efficiency of nitrite ion oxidation was 33–40% at a pH of about 7. The oxidation rate of the nitrite ion in brine wastewater using the rutile form of TiO₂/Ti electrode can be estimated by photocurrent measurements. The applying bias potential, light power and pH value were the major factors affecting the oxidation rate and the photocurrent efficiency of nitrite ion oxidation, while the concentrations of nitrite ion was minor.