Effect of cavitation bubble on the dispersion of magnetorheological polishing fluid under ultrasonic preparation

In the ultrasonic dispersion process, the ultrasonic cavitation effect can seriously affect the dispersion efficiency of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), but the mechanism remains unclear now. Through considering the continuity equation and Vand viscosity equation of the suspension, a revised cavitation bubble dynamic model in the MRPF was developed and calculated. The effects of presence or absence of solid particles, the volume fraction of solid particles, and viscosity on the cavitation bubble motion characteristics in the MRPF were discussed. Settlement experiments of the MRPF under ultrasonic and mechanical dispersion were observed. Analysis of particle dispersion is made by trinocular biomicroscope and image processing of the microscopic morphology of the MRPF. The results show that the high volume fraction of carbonyl iron particle (CIP) will significantly weaken the cavitation effect, and the low volume fraction of green silicon carbide (GSC) has a negligible effect on the cavitation effect in the MRPF. When the liquid viscosity is greater than or equal to 0.1 Pa·s, it is inconvenient to produce micro-jets in the MRPF. The sedimentation rate of the MRPF prepared by ultrasonic dispersion is lower than mechanical dispersion when the volume fraction of CIP is between 1% and 25%. The dispersion ratio under ultrasonic dispersion is lower than that under mechanical dispersion. The experimental results fit the simulation well. It offers a theoretical basis for exploring the ultrasonic cavitation effect in the industrial application of the MRPF.     

冰孔约束条件下的弹丸倾斜入水实验研究

基于高速摄影技术,开展了冰孔约束条件下的弹丸倾斜入水实验;通过对比分析无冰环境与冰孔约束条件下的弹丸入水运动过程,并将入水运动过程分为空泡扩张、空泡闭合以及空泡溃灭三个阶段进行了研究,得到了冰孔约束条件下弹丸入水的空泡演化特性;通过对比同一直径冰孔约束条件不同入水初速下弹丸的空泡演化过程及速度变化规律,总结得出了入水初速对于冰孔约束条件下弹丸空泡演化特性以及入水运动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明：空泡扩张阶段,冰孔约束条件下产生的喷溅较为分散,弹丸背水面产生部分隆起;此外,冰孔约束条件下的空泡扩张受到阻碍,空泡最大直径减小。空泡闭合阶段,冰孔约束条件下的空泡闭合时间提前,并且撞击冰板的反射流冲击空泡侧壁使空泡发生局部冲击溃灭。空泡溃灭阶段,冰孔约束条件下的溃灭尾迹由局部冲击溃灭、脱落溃灭和正常溃灭组成;空泡溃灭产生的尾迹旋涡较小。随着入水初速的提高,空泡的长度和最大直径明显增大,局部冲击溃灭的宽度增加;冰孔约束条件会使得弹丸在空泡扩张阶段的速度衰减幅度增大,空泡的闭合时间提前,开始溃灭的时刻延后。

     

基于白噪声模型的结构振动响应估计及控制优化

为研究平稳随机振动下的结构响应估计与结构控制,首先对理想白噪声、限宽白噪声、连续限宽白噪声这三种白噪声模型的统计特征进行研究,对理想白噪声与限宽白噪声模型的时频特征进行了详细的理论分析,推导了连续限宽白噪声模型的自相关函数,并结合数值仿真对其信号频谱特征进行了验证与说明;其次,以三层剪切框架为例,详细推导了利用李雅普诺夫方程与理想白噪声模型预测结构振动信号的方差特性的过程;最后,针对广州新电视塔,利用随机地震金井清模型进行结构控制优化研究与分析,提出了同时考虑调频质量阻尼器频率与阻尼的结构控制优化设计方法.     

Constitution et structure des alliages du gallium avec les métaux de transition

The phase diagrams of gallium with the transition elements from Group IV – Group VIII and with the Group IB and IIB elements are reviewed. A comprehensive survey of the crystal structures occuring is given and certain aspects of the structural chemistry and of the electronic properties are discussed.     

ICP-AES测定铋系超导材料中各金属元素含量

建立了ICP-AES同时测定铋系超导材料中Bi、Pb、Sr、Ca、Cu5种金属元素含量的分析方法,优化了仪器的最佳工作条件。该方法无需复杂的前处理,没有谱线和基体干扰,检出限Bi为0.01699μg.mL^-1、Pb为0.02121μg.mL^-1、Sr为0.002854μg.mL^-1、Ca为0.007401μg.mL^-1、Cu为0.003726μg.mL^-1。该法相对误差均小于1.0%,RSD均小于1.0%,简便,快捷,完全满足铋系超导材料中各元素含量的测定。     

Exciplex quenching of photo-excitd copper complexes

Exciplexes are less common in transition metal photochemistry than in organic photochemistry. However, Lewis bases and coordinating anions quench metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states of Cu(I) systems, and the quenching is ascribed to exciplex formation. A variety of structural arguments and steric effects lend strong support to the model. These results are related to the broader context of transition metal systems, and future areas of potential interest are briefly discussed.     

新的滇桂艾纳香寡糖BROS结构分析

以滇桂艾纳香枝叶为原料,经陶瓷膜、有机膜分离,醇沉、Sevag法除蛋白,DEAE-纤维素柱层析和SephadexG- 10,SephadexG-50凝胶柱色谱纯化得到的BROS;经HPGPC检测分析表明,BROS为均一寡糖,MALDI-TOF-MS测定分子量为1314.用IR,HPLC,甲基化分析,GC-MS,NMR (1H NMR,13C NMR,1H)HCOSY,HMQC和HMBC)等方法对BROS结构进行表征,结果表明,该寡糖由1个葡萄糖(α-D-Glcp)和7个果糖(β-D-Fru组成,残基间以→2)Fruf-(1→链接,分子末端链接为a-Glcp-(1→,→2)-β-D-Fruf推出BROS的结构式为:β-D-Fruf1-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf2-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf3-(2→ 1)-β-D-Fruf4-(2→1)-β -D-Fruf5-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf6-(2→ 1)-β-D-Fruf7-(2→ 1)-a-D-Glcp.     

燃料电池有轨电车声学优化*

基于线路噪声实验,系统测试分析了燃料电池有轨电车的噪声特性,研究了噪声分布以及空气传声、结构传声路径对噪声的贡献。结果表明改善车辆地板、空调、顶板和风挡的隔声性能,尤其是在500～1250 Hz的1/3倍频带范围内的隔声性能将有助于改善车辆内部声学环境。优化燃料电池系统控制,降低冷却单元转速将有助于改善车辆外部声学环境。在此基础上提出减震降噪建议措施,再次进行线路噪声实验,结果表明该措施有效。     

手性Schiff碱及其类似物和配合物的研究进展

简要介绍了手性Schiff碱及其类似物和配合物在催化、医药、功能材料中的应用研究进展,为同类课题的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Effect of alloy formation processes in the Co-Cu system on the magnetic and magnetoresistance properties of multilayer Co/Cu films with ultrathin Co layers prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

This paper reports on a study of multilayer Co/Cu films with an effective thickness of the Co layer of ～3.5 Å, which were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The samples prepared have been found to have a metastable multiphase structure. An analysis of the data obtained by structural and, primarily, by magnetic methods has revealed that the main phases are the Co/Cu supersaturated solid solution (alloy) with a Co concentration of about 30 at %, the superparamagnetic phase, and the paramagnetic phase, which is accounted for by the presence of small (a few atoms at most) Co clusters embedded in the Cu matrix. A clearly pronounced maximum in the temperature dependences of the low-field magnetoresistance has been found, which is associated with the temperature of the magnetic phase transition of the supersaturated Co-Cu alloy.