Quantitative evaluation of protein recoveries in two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradients

In this study, metabolically radiolabeled Escherichia coli cell extracts were used to systematically evaluate protein recoveries at each step of two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and using different sample application methods. Sample application using sample cups resulted in better protein recovery compared with sample loading by rehydration when the Multiphor system was used. At least 50% or more of an E. coli extract was lost when high protein amounts (500 microg) were loaded by rehydration using this system, which employs separate holders for rehydration and isoelectric focusing (IEF). In contrast, when the IPGphor system was used, rehydration sample loading consistently yielded the highest overall protein recoveries. These improved protein recoveries were due to integration of rehydration and electrophoretic separation in a single unit. Even at high protein loads (500 microg), less than 15-20% of the proteins were lost when proteins were loaded by rehydration using sample buffer containing 2% carrier ampholytes in the ceramic immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strip holders used for both rehydration and IEF. Regardless of the loading conditions used, carrier ampholytes in the sample buffer increased protein recoveries. Use of thiourea did not significantly affect protein recoveries but did improve protein resolution in 2-D gels as expected. In summary, these results show the best protein recoveries are obtained for all protein loads when samples are applied to IPG strips during rehydration using a single device for both rehydration and IEF. In contrast, the poorest recoveries are obtained when rehydration and IEF are performed in separate devices, and losses increase dramatically with increasing protein loads using this approach.     

A Novel Catalyst for Liquid Phase Hydrogenation of m-Dinitrobenzene to m-Phenylenediamine

A novel lanthana-promoted nickel catalyst supported on silica for the liquid phase hydrogenation of m-dinitrobenzene to m-phenylenediamine was prepared by an incipient wetness sequential impregnation method. It was found that Ni-La/SiO2 catalyst exhibited high activity and stability for m-dinitrobenzene hydrogenation. Over this catalyst, the conversion of m-dinitrobenzene and the yield of m-phenylenediamine were up to 97.1% and 93.5%, respectively,at 373 K and 2.6 MPa hydrogen pressure after reaction for 1 h.     

钪对铝锂合金再结晶温度的影响

通过硬度测量和微观金相观察,研究了钪对铝锂合金再结晶过程的影响.结果表明,向铝锂合金加入微量的钪,可以在合金中形成尺寸细小、密集度高而且弥散分布的Al3Sc和Al3(Scx,Zr1-x)相粒子,能有效阻碍位错的移动和亚晶界的迁移与合并,稳定亚晶结构,对晶界有很强的钉扎作用,从而抑制了再结晶晶粒的形核与长大,提高了铝锂合金的再结晶温度.     

在华外商直接投资对我国产业结构的双重影响与对策研究

近几年,在华外商直接投资迅速增加,掀起了新一轮在华投资热潮。我国三次产业结构日趋合理,在华外商直接投资在其中起到了积极和消极两方面的作用。本文分析了在华外商直接投资的现状及其对我国产业结构影响的正负效应,并提出了相关对策。     

用三维CAD绘图技术求空间汇交力系

借助于三维CAD工程绘图技术，本文介绍了采用图解法求解空间汇交力系平衡问题的应用实例。     

Windows下使用SPI过滤网络数据包

在Windows平台下 ,尽管具体的实现方法有所不同 ,但是防火墙的基本原理都是基于对网络数据包的过滤 .SPI是Winsock 2提供的一种工作在用户模式下的过滤数据包的新特性 .对SPI的工作原理和具体实现做了详细的分析     

对偶网的一些性质

给出了Petri网与其对偶网性质的一组充要条件或充分条件，这些条件对Petri网的描述与分析是非常有用的．     

用水量对乳化沥青混合料性能影响的研究

从乳化沥青混合料的拌和用水量与绝对用水量双重角度，讨论水对乳化沥青混合料性能的影响．以乳化沥青混合料最终强度为评价标准，通过马歇尔稳定度试验、间接拉伸试验，分析用水量对三种乳化沥青混合料性能的影响．从拌和、击实、养生等多阶段研讨水的作用．认为不同级配存在着不同的最佳拌和用水量，拌和水主要起润湿集料的作用，绝对用水量影响混合料的压实、成型、混合料强度形成及最终强度．     

高温超导滤波器研制

设计并制作了中心频率为2 007.5MH z,带宽为15MH z的6阶T l2B a2C aCu2O8高温超导微带滤波器.采用在谐振器之间插入微带条来微调耦合间距的办法,提高了设计的精确度.实测结果表明滤波器的最小插入损耗为0.25 dB,带外抑制约60 dB,带内波纹为0.16 dB,中心频率、带宽以及边带陡峭度等都与仿真结果吻合较好,验证了设计与制作的一致性.     

一种新的交通流视频检测方法

提出一种基于彩色虚拟检测线的交通流信息视频检测方法．该方法通过分析光照、车道和阴影等模型之间的相互关系来判断车辆的存在，提高车流量检测的性能．通过引入色彩饱和度信息、自适应背景更新和运动检测，有效地区分阴影和车辆；通过二叉决策树来分析车辆的压线过程，提高了车流量检测的可靠性；通过一维视频跟踪的方式，解决了车辆速度检测的难题．试验结果表明，所采用的局部区域检测方法大大提高了交通流信息检测的实时性，且车流量检测的准确率可提高到98％．