全文获取类型
收费全文 | 200464篇 |
免费 | 23523篇 |
国内免费 | 18534篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 92341篇 |
晶体学 | 1498篇 |
力学 | 7636篇 |
综合类 | 990篇 |
数学 | 16228篇 |
物理学 | 49092篇 |
综合类 | 74736篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 615篇 |
2023年 | 3253篇 |
2022年 | 4903篇 |
2021年 | 5720篇 |
2020年 | 5984篇 |
2019年 | 5252篇 |
2018年 | 5159篇 |
2017年 | 4801篇 |
2016年 | 6958篇 |
2015年 | 7503篇 |
2014年 | 9825篇 |
2013年 | 12067篇 |
2012年 | 14296篇 |
2011年 | 14825篇 |
2010年 | 11146篇 |
2009年 | 11186篇 |
2008年 | 12150篇 |
2007年 | 11331篇 |
2006年 | 10273篇 |
2005年 | 9156篇 |
2004年 | 7171篇 |
2003年 | 6137篇 |
2002年 | 6074篇 |
2001年 | 5541篇 |
2000年 | 4838篇 |
1999年 | 6238篇 |
1998年 | 5227篇 |
1997年 | 5015篇 |
1996年 | 4775篇 |
1995年 | 4137篇 |
1994年 | 3752篇 |
1993年 | 3156篇 |
1992年 | 2756篇 |
1991年 | 2522篇 |
1990年 | 2115篇 |
1989年 | 1861篇 |
1988年 | 1451篇 |
1987年 | 996篇 |
1986年 | 783篇 |
1985年 | 454篇 |
1984年 | 265篇 |
1983年 | 209篇 |
1982年 | 165篇 |
1981年 | 114篇 |
1980年 | 76篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1976年 | 30篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1957年 | 32篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
992.
线性方程组通解并行数值方法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1预备知识 线性方程组消息传递MIMD算法是20世纪90年代至今的活跃课题,但尚无此问题 的通用有效算法发表.用!.}.}表示矩阵列分块划分,记AX=b为[AI司.定理1、2是文 {l]、[s]成果综述和推广. 定理i[‘]设有线性方程组!e}己l,e〔尺”“m,d〔R”“‘,rank(e)=r.当且仅当rank(! 相似文献
993.
Calcium lanthanide oxyborate doped with rare-earth ions LnCa4O(BO3)3:RE3+ (LnCOB:RE, Ln=Y, La, Gd, RE=Eu, Tb, Dy, Ce) was synthesized by the method of solid-state reaction at high temperature. Their fluorescent spectra were measured from vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) to visible region at room temperature. Their excitation spectra all have a broadband center at about 188 nm, which is ascribed to host absorption. Using Dorenbos’ and Jφrgensen's work [P. Dorenbos, J. Lumin. 91 (2000) 91, R. Resfeld, C.K. Jφrgensen, Lasers and Excite States of Rare Earth [M], Springer, Berlin, 1977, p. 45], the position of the lowest 5d levels E(Ln,A) and charge transfer band Ect were calculated and compared with their excitation spectra.Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions doped into LnCOB show efficient luminescence under VUV and UV irradiation. In this system, Ce3+ ions do not show efficient luminescence and quench the luminescence of Tb3+ ions when Tb3+ and Ce3+ ions are co-doped into LnCOB. GdCOB doped with Dy3+ shows yellowish white light under irradiation of 254 nm light for the reason that Gd3+ ions transfer the energy from itself to Dy3+. Because of the existence of Gd3+, the samples of GdCOB:RE3+ show higher excitation efficiency than LaCOB:RE3+ and YCOB:RE3+, around 188 nm, which indicates that the Gd3+ ions have an effect on the host absorption and can transfer the excitation energy to the luminescent center such as Tb3+, Dy3+ and Eu3+. 相似文献
994.
995.
研究了一种新型的覆膜钡钨阴极——双层膜(Os-W/Re膜)钡钨阴极.对这种新型阴极的发射性能进行了测试,重点对其老炼前后表面薄膜的微观形貌进行了分析,表明中间层Re膜的加入使覆膜钡钨阴极的性能得到了改善.通过对Os-W双元合金膜钡钨阴极和Os-W/Re双层膜钡钨阴极发射特性的比较,发现Os-W/Re双层膜阴极的直流发射性能好于Os-W合金膜阴极.对两种阴极激活后发射表面的X射线光电子能谱分析表明,Os-W/Re双层膜阴极激活后表面形成的三元合金膜是其发射特性优于Os-W合金膜阴极的主要原因.应用扫描电子显微镜分析比较两种阴极激活老炼后的表面状态,结果表明:Os-W合金膜阴极在老炼一段时间后,其表面薄膜出现开裂,这会导致阴极发射均匀性下降;而Os-W/Re双层膜阴极在同样老炼条件下,发射表面薄膜均匀并保持完整,从而确保覆膜钡钨阴极发射均匀性和工作可靠性.
关键词:
双层膜钡钨阴极
Os-W/Re膜
Os-W膜
薄膜开裂 相似文献
996.
The present paper deals with the long-time behavior of a class of nonautonomous retarded semilinear parabolic differential equations. When the time delays are small enough and the spectral gap conditions hold, the inertial manifolds of the nonautonomous retard parabolic equations are constructed by using the Lyapunov-Perron method. 相似文献
997.
本文通过建立0-1规划模型,设计了一种公务员招聘中的最优录用分配方案,并运用L INGO软件求得了一个实际问题的最优解. 相似文献
998.
By introducing a four-layer step-index waveguide modeling, the characteristics of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with an nm-thick film overlay, which has higher refractive index than that of fiber cladding are investigated in detail. The influence of both the overlay thickness and refractive index on the tuning ability of LPFG is analyzed. The numerical results demonstrate that spectral response of LPFG is divided into three distinct regions as the overlay deposition increases and the shift of resonant wavelength is drastic in some special thickness range. In conjunction with higher-order cladding mode coupling and fiber cladding etching, the sensitivity of LPFG to the overlay refractive index is enhanced significantly and over 120 nm resonant wavelength tunable range is achieved. 相似文献
999.
A vacuum-deposited aluminium layer (20 nm) is sandwiched between two layers of laminated oriented polypropylene (OPP) film whose thickness varies from 20 to 40 μm. Selected areas of this sealed system were transparentised by the redistribution of the aluminium layer without breaking the seal or causing damage to the OPP film using a 75 W Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The resultant transparentised films contain aluminium particles, distorted polymer areas and intact areas of the vacuum-coated aluminium layer. This paper investigates the effect of microscopic features upon the overall transmissivity of the laser-treated films and hence the quality of the transparentisation process. 相似文献
1000.
Wang Yongqian Liao Xianbo Diao Hongwei Cheng Wenchao Li Guohua Chen Changyong Zhang Shibin Xu Yanyue Chen Weide Kong Guanglin 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2002,45(10):1320-1328
A set of a-SiOx:H (0.52 <x< 1.58) films are fabricated by plasma-enhanced-chemical-vapor-deposition (PECVD) method at the substrate temperature
of 250°C. The microstructure and local bonding configurations of the films are investigated in detail using micro-Raman scattering,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is found that the films are
structural inhomogeneous, with five phases of Si, Si2O:H, SiO:H, Si2O3:H and SiO2 that coexist. The phase of Si is composed of nonhydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si) clusters that are spatially isolated.
The average size of the clusters decreases with the increasing oxygen concentration x in the films. The results indicate that
the structure of the present films can be described by a multi-shell model, which suggests that a-Si cluster is surrounded
in turn by the subshells of Si2O:H, SiO:H, Si2O3:H, and SiO2. 相似文献