Developments in antimicrobial polymers

Effective antimicrobial polymers have been attracting more interests because of the low propensity to cause drug-resistant microorganisms. The recent progresses in antimicrobial polymers are updated according to the action approaches, that is, antimicrobial polymers with free mobility or fixed on surfaces, respectively. Free antimicrobial polymers kill pathogens majorly via electrostatic interaction followed by disruption of the cell membranes; strong antimicrobial activity of primary/secondary amines, new chemical units, and peptides without facial amphiphilicity are highlighted; and the dependences on amphiphilicity, topology, and self-assembly profiles are summarized. Antimicrobial polymers fixed on surfaces kill pathogens via interaction with the cell membranes of pathogens via electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction; approaches to antimicrobial surfaces based on covalently grafting, anchoring, and bulk-mixing of polymers are summarized; and new designs of sustainable antimicrobial surfaces and hydrogels are highlighted. Deep biology understanding and development strategies of materials are suggested for the future. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 632–639     

The Structural Fate of Individual Multicomponent Metal‐Oxide Nanoparticles in Polymer Nanoreactors

Multicomponent nanoparticles can be synthesized with either homogeneous or phase‐segregated architectures depending on the synthesis conditions and elements incorporated. To understand the parameters that determine their structural fate, multicomponent metal‐oxide nanoparticles consisting of combinations of Co, Ni, and Cu were synthesized by using scanning probe block copolymer lithography and characterized using correlated electron microscopy. These studies revealed that the miscibility, ratio of the metallic components, and the synthesis temperature determine the crystal structure and architecture of the nanoparticles. A Co‐Ni‐O system forms a rock salt structure largely owing to the miscibility of CoO and NiO, while Cu‐Ni‐O, which has large miscibility gaps, forms either homogeneous oxides, heterojunctions, or alloys depending on the annealing temperature and composition. Moreover, a higher‐ordered structure, Co‐Ni‐Cu‐O, was found to follow the behavior of lower ordered systems.     

基于正交试验设计的区间数立体决策方法

为了减少决策信息损失,针对区间数决策问题,提出了一种立体决策方法。将m维区间数决策向量看作具有2m个顶点的超矩形。利用Ls(2m)正交表在超矩形上均匀、分散地选取s个顶点代表该超矩形,再根据不同超矩形对应顶点之间的相对熵度量超矩形之间的差异,最后利用各决策方案同理想解的贴近度进行决策方案排序。实例验证表明该文方法有效、可行。由于选取了多个多维实数点代表区间数决策向量,在丰富了决策信息的同时也增加了计算量。     

基于Multi-Agent技术的股价操纵监管系统研究

传统的股价操纵监管方法缺乏智能性,从股价操纵监管智能化出发,引入Multi-Agent建模思想,构建了股价操纵监管系统的结构模型和Agent的内部组成模型,提出了系统的工作原理.并阐述了系统实现的通讯协议等技术性问题.本系统通过不断的监管与学习,可以自我提高监管能力,从而提高监管的质量与效率.     

不同钙质原料对干式振动料性能的影响

采用新型环保复合结合剂和引入无水化钙质材料(石灰石、白云石、消石灰等)作为CaO源原料,研究开发环保型抗水化镁钙质干式料.结果表明, 钙质原料的种类、粒度和数量对干式料性能影响很大.加入部分石灰石颗粒,采用环保型结合剂可制得具有较好物理性能的干式料,其中粒度为3～1mm和1～0mm的石灰石加入量分别为5%和30%时,试样获得了较好的综合性能,是一种理想的CaO源材料.     

浅淡高校理工科食品专业实验教学与实践基地教学的结合

结合吉首大学食品科学与工程学院在实验教学与实践基地教学相结合方面的教学实践,提出了高校培养应用型食品专业人才的具体做法和教改重点.     

枣泉煤矿T-2火烧区下开采模拟实验

宁东矿区的火烧区普遍存在充水.为了预防T-2火烧区积水给枣泉煤矿安全生产带来的隐患,采用相似模拟实验的方法,研究12104和12206工作面开采后覆岩的垮落特征和火烧区岩层移动情况.实验表明,12104工作面开采对火烧区无影响,12206工作面的开采对火烧区积水的影响明显,必须采取措施在掘进和回采期间探放水.