Engineering Platinum–Oxygen Dual Catalytic Sites via Charge Transfer towards Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution

A dual‐site catalyst allows for a synergetic reaction in the close proximity to enhance catalysis. It is highly desirable to create dual‐site interfaces in single‐atom system to maximize the effect. Herein, we report a cation‐deficient electrostatic anchorage route to fabricate an atomically dispersed platinum–titania catalyst (Pt₁^O1/Ti_1?xO₂), which shows greatly enhanced hydrogen evolution activity, surpassing that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst in mass by a factor of 53.2. Operando techniques and density functional calculations reveal that Pt₁^O1/Ti_1?xO₂ experiences a Pt?O dual‐site catalytic pathway, where the inherent charge transfer within the dual sites encourages the jointly coupling protons and plays the key role during the Volmer–Tafel process. There is almost no decay in the activity of Pt₁^O1/Ti_1?xO₂ over 300 000 cycles, meaning 30 times of enhancement in stability compared to the commercial Pt/C catalysts (10 000 cycles).     

New cytotoxic constituents in the water-soluble fraction from Momordicae Semen

Abstract

Two new lignans mubezhisol (1) and mubezhisal (2), together with twenty six known compounds (3–28) were isolated from water-soluble fraction from the semens of Momordica cochinchinensis. In the subsequent action evaluation, four saponins (4, 6, 13, 27), six lignans (1, 2, 16, 17, 22, 23), and one naphthoquinone (24) exhibited the significant cytotoxicity. The results indicated that various saponins and lignans were mainly responsible for the antitumor activities of Momordicae Semen.     

17.1%-Efficiency organic photovoltaic cell enabled with two higher-LUMO-level acceptor guests as the quaternary strategy

Quaternary blended organic solar cells utilize four blended material components(one donor plus three acceptors, two donors and two acceptors, or three donors plus one acceptor) as the active layer materials. The use of four material components allows us to have more material selections and more mechanism choices to improve the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. In this contribution, we present a new case of quaternary material system, that shows 17.1% efficiency obtained by adding IDIC and PC_(71)BM as the guest acceptors of the host binary of PM6:Y6. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) levels of IDIC and PC_(71)BM are both higher than that of Y6, which is one reason to obtain increased open-circuit voltage(V_(oc)) in the quaternary device. Upon introduction of IDIC and PC_(71)BM as the acceptor guests, the hole and electron mobilities are both increased, which contributes to the increased short-circuit current-density(J_(sc)). Effects of the weight ratios of the three acceptor components are investigated, which demonstrates that the increased hole and electron mobilities, the accelerated hole-transfer, and the reduced monomolecular recombination are the factors contributing to the increased J_(sc)and fill-factor. This case of quaternary device demonstrates the applicability of the quaternary strategy in increasing the device functions and hence the efficiencies in the field of organic photovoltaic cells.     

移动载荷作用下浮冰的非线性动力学响应

本文考虑非线性、惯性和阻尼的影响, 研究了任意深度二维理想流体顶部浮冰的振动. 对相关的拟微分算子进行展开并将非线性项保留至三阶后, 完全非线性问题被简化为仅与自由面上的变量相关的三阶截断模型. 为了验证简化模型的准确性, 重点关注了自由孤立波解. 在不考虑阻尼的情况下, 采用多重尺度方法推导了三阶非线性薛定谔方程(NLS), 利用该方程预测了任意水深下原始欧拉方程中自由波包型孤立波解的存在性及三阶截断模型的准确性. 相比于Dinvay等所提出的二阶模型, 三阶截断模型的优势在于其对应的三阶NLS具有准确的非线性项系数, 能够在最小相速度附近更好地模拟冰层的动力学响应. 进一步地对自由孤立波解进行数值计算, 数值结果表明三阶截断模型在分岔曲线和孤立波波形上均与完全欧拉方程吻合良好, 准确性高于二阶截断模型. 基于三阶截断模型, 探究了匀速局域化载荷作用下的浮冰非线性动力学响应并将时间依赖解与实验测量数据进行比较, 数值计算结果与实验记录吻合良好.      

Chaotic resonance in Izhikevich neural network motifs under electromagnetic induction

Nonlinear Dynamics - Chaotic resonance (CR) is the response of a nonlinear system to weak signals enhanced by internal or external chaotic activity (such as the signal derived from Lorenz system)....     

质酸金的合成及性质研究

为获得透明质酸新的功能,对其进行结构修饰.以氯金酸、透明质酸钠为原料合成质酸金.通过元素分析、冷场扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振分析对其结构进行了表征,对肺癌细胞A549、肝癌细胞BEL7402增殖影响进行了研究.结果表明,在高剂量下对肝癌细胞BEL7402的增殖有明显的抑制活性,对肺癌细胞A549的增殖有边缘抑制活性.     

独立学院大学生创业观的塑造

针对独立学院创业教育的现状、优势和存在的问题,提出在大学生创业观上必须正确处理好自身条件与社会需求、个人就业观与家庭期望、学校创业教育与个人专业学习三大关系。     

竖向地震加速度对堤坝抗震性能影响分析

将堤坝地震动力响应的有限元效值分析方法与坝坡地震滑移量的Newmark估算方法相结合,通过效值计算探讨了水平与竖向加速度组合作用下堤坝的抗震稳定性．首先以堤坝地震动力响应的二维平面应变有限元分析为基础,按照Makdisi与Seed所建议的计算方法估算堤坝安全系效的变化过程,依此对地震过程中堤坝的瞬态稳定性进行评价．对瞬时安全系效小于1的时段,采用Newmark方法估算滑坡体的可能滑移量,进而由此评判堤坝的抗震安全性．最后,针对一座高度为100m的堤坝,分别采用正弦波和实际El-Centro地震加速度记录作为激励,通过具体效值计算讨论了竖向地震加速度对堤坝抗震稳定性的影响．研究表明竖向加速度对堤坝瞬态稳定性及地震滑移量均具有显著影响,在堤坝抗震设计中应合理地予以考虑．     

4WS车辆μ综合鲁棒主动侧倾操纵性能控制

为提高车辆的抗侧倾性能及降低高速下的侧翻危险性,应用μ综合鲁棒控制理论,针对四轮转向车辆,以横摆角速度跟踪和侧倾角速度反馈为控制逻辑,合理选择加权函数,设计鲁棒控制器和最优控制器抑制车辆侧倾.经仿真比较,设计的μ综合鲁棒控制器更具有良好操纵性能鲁棒性和稳定鲁棒性,对于轮胎侧偏刚度等引起的侧向干扰具有很好的抑制性能,实现传统四轮转向难以实现的主动侧倾操纵控制和跟踪性能.     

Hecke特征值相邻极大值的均值估计

取f为权为偶数k的全模群Γ = SL(2,Z)的Hecke特征型.定义Asymmf(n)为与f关联的m阶对称幂次L-函数的Dirichlet展开式的第n个正规化系数.本文中,我们给出了Σn0为一个正数.