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231.
Biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. The morphology and dispersion of LDH nanoparticles within PBS matrix were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed that LDH nanoparticles were found to be well distributed at the nanometer level. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of nanocomposites was extensively studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique at various cooling rates. The crystallization rate of PBS was accelerated by the addition of LDH due to its heterogeneous nucleation effect; however, the crystallization mechanism and crystal structure of PBS remained almost unchanged. In kinetics analysis of nonisothermal crystallization, the Ozawa approach failed to describe the crystallization behavior of PBS/LDH nanocomposites, whereas both the modified Avrami model and the Mo method well represented the crystallization behavior of nanocomposites. The effective activation energy was estimated as a function of the relative degree of crystallinity using the isoconversional analysis. The subsequent melting behavior of PBS and PBS/LDH nanocomposites was observed to be dependent on the cooling rate. The POM showed that the small and less perfect crystals were formed in nanocomposites. 相似文献
232.
233.
Dr. Hui Cai Zhan‐Yi Sun Zhi‐Hua Huang Lei Shi Prof. Dr. Yu‐Fen Zhao Prof. Dr. Horst Kunz Prof. Dr. Yan‐Mei Li 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,19(6):1962-1970
Glycopeptides of tumor‐associated mucin MUC1 are promising target structures for the development of antitumor vaccines. Because these endogenous structures were weakly immunogenic, they were coupled to immune‐response‐stimulating T‐cell epitopes and the Pam3Cys lipopeptide to induce strong immune responses in mice. A new thioether‐ligation method for the synthesis of two‐ and three‐component vaccines that contain MUC1 glycopeptides as the B‐cell epitopes, a T‐cell epitope peptide, and the Pam3CSK4 lipopeptide is described. The resulting fully synthetic vaccines were used for the vaccination of mice, either in a liposome with Freund′s adjuvant or in aqueous PBS buffer. The three‐component vaccines that contained the Tetanus Toxoid P2 T‐cell epitope peptide induced strong immune responses, even when administered just in PBS. By activation of the complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) complex, the antisera induced the killing of tumor cells. 相似文献
234.
Yihao Luan Jin Wu Maosheng Zhan Jinming Zhang Jun Zhang Jiasong He 《Cellulose (London, England)》2013,20(1):327-337
Using native cellulose as the starting material, cellulose acetate-graft-ploy (l-lactide) (CA-g-PLA) copolymers were successfully synthesized by “one-pot” process in an ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). In this process, cellulose was first reacted with acetic anhydride, yielding cellulose acetate (CA), and then ring opening graft copolymerization of l-lactide was carried out from the residual hydroxyl groups of CA in the same solution using 4-dimethylaminopridine (DMAP) as the catalyst. Both acetyl and ploy (l-lactide) contents in CA-g-PLA copolymers could be well controlled by changing reaction conditions. The structures and thermal properties of CA-g-PLA copolymers were characterized. The glass transition temperature Tg of copolymers decreased with increasing PLA content. Compared to the pure PLA and cellulose-graft-PLA copolymers, the CA-g-PLA copolymers possessed better thermo mechanical properties in a temperature range of 60–130 °C. When the molar substitution of PLA (MSPLA) was above 1.71, the CA-g-PLA copolymers exhibited thermoplastic behavior and could be processed by conventional thermal processing methods, such as injection molding and melt spinning. 相似文献
235.
Dapeng Zhan 《Probability Theory and Related Fields》2015,161(3-4):561-618
236.
Qing‐Hui Guo Zhan‐Da Fu Liang Zhao Mei‐Xiang Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,126(49):13766-13770
O6‐Corona[3]arene[3]tetraazines, a new class of macrocyclic compounds, were synthesized efficiently in a one‐pot reaction from the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction between 1,4‐dihydroxybenzene derivatives and 3,6‐dichlorotetrazine in warm acetonitrile. In the crystalline structure, the resulting macrocycles adopt highly symmetric structures of a regular hexagonal cavity with all bridging oxygen atoms and tetrazine rings located on the same plane with phenylene units orthogonally orientated. The constitutional aromatic rings are able to rotate around the macrocyclic annulus, depending on the steric effect of the substituents and temperature, in solution. The electron‐deficient nature revealed by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and characteristic absorbances at a visible region show the O6‐corona[3]arene[3]tetrazines to be suitable macrocyclic receptors for electron‐rich guests. 相似文献
237.
将聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和石墨两类减摩耐磨填料填充到聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)中,表征其摩擦性能,利用扫描电子显微镜分析了磨损表面的显微结构,并分析了磨损机制.研究结果表明,PTFE和石墨的填充明显改善了PEI的摩擦磨损性,摩擦系数降低到0.3以下(纯PEI的摩擦系数为0.41),磨损率降低了3个数量级.在PTFE体系中,PTFE质量分数为10%时,PEI基共混材料的摩擦系数最低为0.23;而在质量分数为15%的石墨体系中,PEI基共混材料摩擦系数最低为0.27.磨损率随着填料含量的增加而逐渐下降,在填料质量分数为20%之后,摩损率下降平缓.因此PTFE和石墨的填充对PEI的摩擦学性能起到了很好的改善作用,而且PTFE比石墨的改善效果更优益.共混物的机械性能测试结果表明,在填料质量分数为5%~15%时,共混物具有良好的机械性能. 相似文献
238.
Multi‐walled carbon nanotube modified dummy‐template magnetic molecularly imprinted microspheres as solid‐phase extraction material for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish
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Ning Gan Xidong Chen Yuting Cao Tianhua Li Pan Zhan 《Journal of separation science》2014,37(13):1591-1600
Novel multi‐walled carbon nanotube modified dummy‐template molecularly imprinted microspheres (MWCNTs@DMMIPs) were successfully synthesized as adsorbents for six kinds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). MWCNTs@DMMIPs were prepared by a surface molecular imprinting technique. Core–shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were employed as magnetic support. 3,4‐Dichlorobenzene acetic acid was used as a dummy template instead of PCBs, methacrylic acid was used as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was used as the cross‐linker. The resulting absorbent was characterized by various methods. The adsorbent was employed for extracting PCBs and exhibited good selectivity and high adsorption efficiency. Furthermore, it was reusable and capable of magnetic separation. Adsorption kinetics fit well with a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation and also exhibited a three‐stage intra‐particle diffusion model. The Freundlich model was used to describe the adsorption isotherms. The materials were successfully applied to the magnetic dispersive solid‐phase extraction of six kinds of PCBs followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry determination in fish samples, the limit of detection of six kinds of PCBs were 0.0028–0.0068 μg/L and spiked recoveries ranged between 73.41 and 114.21%. The prepared adsorbent was expected to be a new material for the removal and recovery of PCBs from contaminated foods. 相似文献
239.
Fitting formula for the injection volume of a gas chromatograph for radio‐xenon sampling in the lower troposphere
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Liu Shu‐jiang Chen Zhan‐ying Wang Shi‐lian Chang Yin‐zhong Li Qi Fan Yuan‐qing Zhao Yun‐gang Jia Huai‐mao Zhang Xin‐jun Wang Jun 《Journal of separation science》2014,37(12):1456-1459
GC is usually used for xenon concentration and radon removal in the International Monitoring System of the Comprehensive Nuclear‐Test‐Ban Treaty. In a gas chromatograph, the injection volume is defined to calculate the column capacity. In this paper, the injection volume was investigated and a fitting formula for the injection volume was derived and discussed subsequently. As a consequence, the xenon injection volume exponentially decreased with the column temperature increased, but exponentially increased as the flow rate increased. 相似文献
240.