一种冲击加速度计校准新方法

冲击加速度计校准的传统方法有绝对法、相对法和比较法。综合相对法和比较法的优点,提出了一种校准冲击加速度计的新方法类比法。其标准加速度传感器可采用绝对法直接溯源到国家基准,并在同条件冲击作用下通过标准加速度传感器和被校加速度传感器互换,根据冲击力或动应变测量结果对被校加速度传感器幅值灵敏度、线性度与频率响应等技术参数进行校准,从而弱化了冲击力或动应变测量结果对冲击加速度校准的影响,测量准确度高。     

基于迟滞行为的2D-SiC/SiC复合材料组份力学性能分析

基于剪滞理论, 建立了单向纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的加卸载理论模型, 分析了基体长碎块和短碎块对材料迟滞力学行为的不同影响. 通过拉伸循环加卸载试验, 获得了2D-SiC/SiC 复合材料的迟滞应力—应变行为.依据材料基体损伤特点, 将试验结果代入长碎块对应理论推导结果, 计算得到了4 个表征材料组份性能的参数:基体开裂应力为90 MPa, 热残余应力为19 MPa, 界面脱粘能为3.1 Jm2, 界面滑移力为74 MPa. 最后结合少量短碎块的存在对试验结果的影响, 定性分析了计算结果的偏差. 结果表明, 获得的材料组分性能参数具有较小的分散性, 并能够准确表征材料整体的力学行为.      

An experimental study on seepage behavior of sandstone material with different gas pressures

The seepage evolution characteristic of brittle rock materials is very significant for the stability and safety of rock engineering. In this research, a series of conventional triaxial compression and gas seepage tests were carried out on sandstone specimens with a rock mechanics servo-controlled testing system. Based on the experimental results, the relationship between permeability and deformation is firstly analyzed in detail. The results show that the permeability–axial strain curve can be divided into the following five phases: the phase of micro-defects closure, the phase of linear elastic deformation, the phase of nonlinear deformation, the phase of post-peak stress softening and the phase of residual strength. The seepage evolution characteristic is also closely correlated with the volumetric deformation according to the relationship between permeability and volumetric strain. It is found that the gas seepage pressure has a great effect on the permeability evolution, i.e. permeability coefficients increase with increasing gas seepage pressures. Finally, the influence of gas seepage pressures on the failure behavior of brittle sandstone specimens is discussed.     

Comparison of implicit and explicit AUSM‐family schemes for compressible multiphase flows

This paper makes the first attempt of extending implicit AUSM‐family schemes to multiphase flow simulations. Water faucet, air–water shock tube and oscillating manometer problems are used as benchmark tests with the generic four‐equation two‐fluid model. For solving the equations implicitly, Newton's method along with a sparse matrix solver (UMFPACK solver) is employed, and the numerical Jacobian matrix is calculated. Comparison between implicit and explicit AUSM‐family schemes is presented, indicating that similarly accurate results are obtained with both schemes. Furthermore, the water faucet problem is solved using both staggered and collocated grids. This investigation helps integrate high‐resolution schemes into staggered‐grid‐based computational algorithms. The influence of the interface pressure correction on the simulation results is also examined. Results show that the interfacial pressure correction introduces numerical dissipation. However, this dissipation cannot eliminate the overshoots because of the incompatibility of numerical discretization of the conservative and non‐conservative terms in the governing equations. The comparison of CPU time between implicit and explicit schemes is also studied, indicating that the implicit scheme is capable of improving the computational efficiency over its explicit counterpart. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于改进自适应混沌控制的逆可靠度分析方法

自适应混沌控制方法是一种高效、稳健的逆可靠度分析方法,但在求解强非线性凹功能函数时,计算效率仍然有待提高,且可能会陷入局部最优.通过对混沌控制因子更新策略进行改进,提出了基于改进自适应混沌控制的逆可靠度分析方法.数值算例分析表明:该方法能够有效地改善混沌控制因子自适应选取时的合理性,具有更好的收敛性和更高的计算效率,为结构可靠度分析和可靠度优化问题提供了更加高效、稳健的求解途径.     

A self‐adaptive intelligence gray prediction model with the optimal fractional order accumulating operator and its application

The self‐adaptive intelligence gray predictive model (SAIGM) has an alterable‐flexible model structure, and it can build a dynamic structure to fit different external environments by adjusting the parameter values of SAIGM. However, the order number of the raw SAIGM model is not optimal, which is an integer. For this, a new SAIGM model with the fractional order accumulating operator (SAIGM_FO) was proposed in this paper. Specifically, the final restored expression of SAIGM_FO was deduced in detail, and the parameter estimation method of SAIGM_FO was studied. After that, the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm was used to optimize the order number of SAIGM_FO, and some steps were provided. Finally, the SAIGM_FO model was applied to simulate China's electricity consumption from 2001 to 2008 and forecast it during 2009 to 2015, and the mean relative simulation and prediction percentage errors of the new model were only 0.860% and 2.661%, in comparison with the ones obtained from the raw SAIGM model, the GM(1, 1) model with the optimal fractional order accumulating operator and the GM(1, 1) model, which were (1.201%, 5.321%), (1.356%, 3.324%), and (2.013%, 23.944%), respectively. The findings showed both the simulation and the prediction performance of the proposed SAIGM_FO model were the best among the 4 models.     

Real Valuations and Orderings on a Module

The purpose of this article is to introduce the notion of real valuations on modules over commutative rings. These real valuations are characterized by their associated valuation triples, and a necessary and sufficient condition for a module to possess a real valuation is established. Moreover, the close interplay between valuations and orderings on a module is investigated by introducing the compatibility of valuations with orderings. Via the compatibility of valuations with orderings, the reality of valuations on a module also is characterized.     

Concentrated steady vorticities of the Euler equation on 2-d domains and their linear stability

We consider concentrated vorticities for the Euler equation on a smooth domain $\mathrm{\Omega }?{\mathbf{R}}^2$ in the form of

$\omega =\sum _{j=1}^N{\omega }_j{\chi }_{{\mathrm{\Omega }}_j},|{\mathrm{\Omega }}_j|=\pi r_j^2,\underset{{\mathrm{\Omega }}_j}{\int }{\omega }_{j}d\mu ={\mu }_j\ne 0,$

supported on well-separated vortical domains ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_j$, $j=1,\dots ,N$, of small diameters $O(r_j)$. A conformal mapping framework is set up to study this free boundary problem with ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_j$ being part of unknowns. For any given vorticities ${\mu }_1,\dots ,{\mu }_N$ and small $r_1,\dots ,r_N\in {\mathbf{R}}^{+}$, through a perturbation approach, we obtain such piecewise constant steady vortex patches as well as piecewise smooth Lipschitz steady vorticities, both concentrated near non-degenerate critical configurations of the Kirchhoff–Routh Hamiltonian function. When vortex patch evolution is considered as the boundary dynamics of $?{\mathrm{\Omega }}_j$, through an invariant subspace decomposition, it is also proved that the spectral/linear stability of such steady vortex patches is largely determined by that of the 2N-dimensional linearized point vortex dynamics, while the motion is highly oscillatory in the 2N-codim directions corresponding to the vortical domain shapes.     

Ground states of two-component attractive Bose–Einstein condensates I: Existence and uniqueness

We study ground states of two-component Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC) with trapping potentials in ${\mathbb{R}}^2$, where the intraspecies interaction $(?a_1,?a_2)$ and the interspecies interaction ?β are both attractive, $i.e$, $a_1$, $a_2$ and β are all positive. The existence and non-existence of ground states are classified completely by investigating equivalently the associated $L^2$-critical constraint variational problem. The uniqueness and symmetry-breaking of ground states are also analyzed under different types of trapping potentials as $\beta \nearrow {\beta }^{?}=a^{?}+\sqrt{(a^{?}?a_1)(a^{?}?a_2)}$, where $0<a_i<a^{?}:={6w6}_2^2$ ($i=1,2$) is fixed and w is the unique positive solution of $\mathrm{\Delta }w?w+w^3=0$ in ${\mathbb{R}}^2$. The semi-trivial limit behavior of ground states is tackled in the companion paper [12].