Disorder structure of free-flow and global jams in the extended BML model

The original BML model is extended by introducing extended sites, which can hold several vehicles at each time-step. Unexpectedly, the flow in the extended model sharply transits from free-flow to global jams, but the transition is not one-order in original BML model. And congestion in the extended model appears more easily. This can ascribe to the mixture of vehicles from different directions in one site, leading to the drop-off of the capacity of the site. Furthermore, the typical configuration of free flowing and global jams in the extended models is disorder, different from the regular structure in the original model.     

A novel mechanism controls anther opening and closing in Paris polyphylla var. Yunnanensis

The phenomena of anther opening and closing in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch) Hand.-Mazz were described in detail, and the effects of ecological factors on those phenomena related to anther opening, closing and the fly-pollination mechanism were discussed. Anthers of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis open in the morning and close in the evening every day during an over 20 days’ period of anthesis. Light was detected as the main factor controlling this daily anther opening and closing. Anther openin...     

一种快捷有效的构建cDNA文库的方法

构建cDNA文库是研究基因组功能基因一种有效的手段，传统的建库方法通常需要在双链cDNA两端分别加上带限制性酶切位点的接头序列，通过酶切使之产生与质粒匹配的粘性末端，然后与质粒连接构成文库。本文介绍一种简单而且不需要核酸内切酶的构建cDNA文库的方法。该方法的主要步骤包括：（1）通过反转录合成cDNA第一条链，通过置换底物的方式在cDNA3’末端合成接头序列。（2）利用cDNA两端的接头引物，通过TaqDNA合成酶PER扩增合成cDNA第二条链。（3）将PCR产生的双链cDNA直接与T-载体连接。（4）将连接物转化大肠杆菌，得到cDNA文库。利用本方法，我们成功构建红树植物红海榄的cDNA文库。PCR结果显示插入的片段分布在O．5～3．0kb之间，大部分cDNA的长度在500—1000bp之间，表明cDNA具有较好的完整性。本方法具有操作简单、高效率、低成本、RNA模板需要量少的特点，而且适用于任何高等生物RNA样品。     

卷取张力转动惯量补偿控制

为提高带钢卷取过程中张力控制的稳定性,利用自适应控制对PID控制器参数进行转动惯量补偿,结果表明,自适应控制系统能够提高张力控制的稳定性.     

A New Equation between Surface Tensions and Solubility Parameters without Molar Volume Parameters Simultaneously Fitting Polymers and Solvents

Both surface tension and solubility parameter are decided by molecular interactions. There are several empirical equations describing their connection. However, at least two limitations exist for them: polymers cannot be treated and only apolar or weakly polar solvents can be fitted. We found when only the dispersive properties were considered, for 37 solvents and 22 polymers, a linear relationship exists between γ ^d and γ/δ^2/3 _d , fitted by a new equation. Compared with the previous equations, the value of the new equation is that most solvents and common polymers could be treated simultaneously. This equation will be of value for estimating the accuracy of reported surface tension data or solubility parameters of polymers.     

A Selective RhI‐Catalyzed Substrate‐Controlled C−C Bond Activation of Benzyl Sulfonamide/Alcohol‐Tethered Alkylidenecyclopropanes

Benzyl sulfonamide/alcohol‐tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes undergo a rhodium‐catalyzed and substrate‐controlled selective C?C bond activation, producing three types of common organic structural units: benzo[c]azepine/oxepines, dihydronaphthalen‐1‐amines, and conjugated dienes. Epoxidation and aromatization of these products to construct two useful compounds have also been achieved.     

Zn or O? An Atomic Level Comparison on Antibacterial Activities of Zinc Oxides

For the first time, the influence of different types of atoms (Zn and O) on the antibacterial activities of nanosized ZnO was quantitatively evaluated with the aid of a 3D‐printing‐manufactured evaluation system. Two different outermost atomic layers were manufactured separately by using an ALD (atomic layer deposition) method. Interestingly, we found that each outermost atomic layer exhibited certain differences against gram‐positive or gram‐negative bacterial species. Zinc atoms as outermost layer (ZnO?Zn) showed a more pronounced antibacterial effect towards gram‐negative E. coli (Escherichia coli), whereas oxygen atoms (ZnO?O) showed a stronger antibacterial activity against gram‐positive S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus). A possible antibacterial mechanism has been comprehensively discussed from different perspectives, including Zn²⁺ concentrations, oxygen vacancies, photocatalytic activities and the DNA structural characteristics of different bacterial species.     

The fabrication and optical detection of a vertical structure organic thin film transistor

Using vacuum evaporation and sputtering process, we prepared a photoelectric transistor with the vertical structure of Cu/copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/Al/copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/ITO. The material of CuPc semiconductor has good photosensitive properties. Excitons will be generated after the optical signal irradiation in semiconductor material, and then transformed into photocurrent under the built-in electric field formed by the Schottky contact, as the organic transistor drive current makes the output current enlarged. The results show that the I–V characteristics of transistor are unsaturated. When device was irradiated by full band (white) light, its working current significantly increased. In full band white light, when V_ec = 3 V, the ratio of light and no light current was ranged for 2.9–6.4 times. Device in the absence of light current amplification coefficient is 16.5, and white light amplification coefficient is 98.65.     

网络化控制系统的新型事件触发通信与鲁棒广义HdH⑴容错协同设计

针对网络化控制系统（NCS)单纯依赖网络固有资源进行容错控制孤立设计方法的局限性，在分析现有离散事件触发通信机制不足的基础上，提出一种具有动稳过程共同约束的离散事件触发通信机制，并在该通信机制下建立与状态误差相关的闭环故障NCS模型；考虑参数不确定性和外界有限能量扰动的影响，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论与相关技术，给出网络通信触发权矩阵与广义Hz/H指标约束下的满意容错控制器优化求解方法.通过仿真算例，验证新型离散事件触发通信机制的确能在不过分削弱系统性能的前提下，更多地节约网络通信资源，触发参数的选择也与系统性能有对应关系，为工程中选取相关参数提供便利.