On the Criteria of Instability for Electrochemical Systems

Both cyclic-voltammetry-based and impedance-based experimental criteria that have been developed recently for the oscillatory electrochemical systems are critically appraised with two typical categories of oscillators.Consistent conclusions can be drawn by the two criteria for the category of oscillators that involve the coupling of charge transfer mainly with surface steps(e.g.ad-and desorption)such as in the electrooxidation of C1 organic molecules.Whereas,impedance-based criterion is not applicable to the category of oscillators that involve the coupling of charge transfer mainly with mass transfer(e.g.diffusion and convection) such as in the Fe(CN)6^3- reduction accompanying periodic hydrogen evolution.The reason is that the negative impedance cannot include the feedback information of convection mass transfer induced by the hydrogen evolution.However,both positive and negative nonlinear feedbacks,i.e., the diffusion-limited depletion and convection-enhanced replenishment of the Fe(CN)6^3- surface concentration,that coexist between the bistability,i.e.,Fe(CN)6^3- reduction with and without hydrogen evolution at lower and higher potential sides respectively,are all reflected in the crossed cyclic voltammogram(CCV).It can be concluded that the voltammetry-based criterion(in time domain)is more intuitive,less time-consuming and has a wider range of applications than the impedancebased one (in frequency domain).     

KF-alumina 催化下2-氨基-4-芳基-5,6-二氢化-4H-吡喃[3,2-c]喹啉-5-酮-3-羧酸酯衍生物的一步合成

以芳醛、氰乙酸酯和4-羟基喹啉-2-酮为原料, 乙醇为溶剂, 在KF-Al₂O₃催化下80 ℃, 一步合成了2-氨基-4-芳基-5,6-二氢化-4H-吡喃[3,2-c]喹啉-5-酮-3-羧酸酯衍生物, 和其它方法相比, 具有反应条件温和, 容易操作和产率高等优点, 产物4a的结构通过X单晶衍射分析确证.     

组合桥面板疲劳荷载后剩余承载力试验研究

为了研究高性能混凝土组合桥面板经历疲劳荷载后的剩余承载力,设计制作了两个足尺的正交异性高性能混凝土组合桥面板,通过疲劳和静力加载试验测试了正交异性组合桥面板的静力承载能力、破坏形态与疲劳后剩余极限承载力。试验结果表明：正交异性高性能混凝土组合桥面板经历疲劳荷载后的静力破坏形态为受弯破坏,试件达到极限状态时中支点截面U肋屈曲,受拉钢筋屈服,负弯矩区混凝土板开裂严重,组合桥面板的受力性能发生退化。经过疲劳加载后的桥面板的剩余极限承载力较没有经过疲劳加载的桥面板承载力下降了约11.6%。基于钢筋混凝土黏结滑移理论推导了适用于疲劳荷载作用后的高性能混凝土组合桥面板平均裂缝间距计算公式。对比试验结果,所提出的平均裂缝间距计算公式具有良好的精度,可为实际工程应用提供理论参考。     

台阶爆破模型试验下破碎岩石抛掷速度规律分析

为了研究台阶爆破破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素与变化规律,采用量纲分析法确定破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素,并借助高速摄影系统与台阶爆破模型试验研究不同影响因素下破碎岩石抛掷速度的变化规律.结果表明：破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素为炸药单耗、最小抵抗线与炸药量的关系(W³/Q)和不耦合系数,抛掷速度对炸药单耗最为敏感,W³/Q与不耦合系数次之;高速摄影图像显示,当爆破作用时间为0.5 ms时,台阶自由面岩石出现位移,当爆破作用时间为2.0 ms时,在爆炸应力波作用下,台阶自由面出现裂缝,破碎岩石的运动形态可分为鼓包运动阶段与抛掷运动阶段,二者之间存在明显的过渡阶段;炸药单耗、W³/Q、不耦合系数与抛掷速度间存在明显的非线性关系,抛掷速度随炸药单耗的增加呈指数函数递增,且存在临界炸药单耗使破碎岩石的抛掷速度出现激增,抛掷速度随W³/Q、不耦合系数的增大呈幂函数递减.     

IRS辅助的MISO-SWIPT安全速率最大化算法

为增强系统的稳定性,基于智能反射面（intelligent reflection surface,IRS）辅助安全通信,为用户采用功率分配架构的无线携能传输（simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,SWIPT）技术以提高用户安全速率并降低用户的能量消耗,建立了系统安全速率最大化的目标函数模型;考虑IRS相移约束、基站最大发射功率、功率分配比率约束和用户最低能量采集约束,提出了一种基于交替优化的安全速率最大化算法。利用连续凸近似算法,将目标函数转化为凸的形式;采用交替优化,对耦合变量进行解耦处理;提出一种波束赋形算法以实现安全速率最大化。仿真表明,提出的算法能够有效提升IRS辅助的SWIPT系统的安全速率,至少比其他算法提高了2.63bps/Hz。     

基于CAE仿真的行星齿轮减速器行星齿轮载荷分布特性研究

研究一种高效精确求解行星齿轮系统,在有误差情况下系统的不均载力学特性。应用有限元软件ABAQUS的PYTHON参数化设计语言,对含有5个行星齿轮的新能源汽车行星齿轮减速器,进行齿轮系统基于六面体网格单元的的参数化有限元建模;利用非线性接触分析方法求解减速器系统在有零部件制造和装配误差情况下,分析系统中行星齿轮的载荷分布特性,包括误差大小对不均载的影响,太阳轮输入载荷对不均载的影响。有限元分析结果与参考文献中的试验结果具有完全一致的结论,从而证明了分析方法的正确性。所提供的方法可以方便求解行星齿轮传动系统的不均载系数,对提高行星齿轮设备整机传动性能、寿命及新产品开发具有重要意义。     

6元素集合上T0拓扑总数的计算

文中证明了有限预序集与有限偏序集的一些性质,并基于有限集上的拓扑和其上预序的一一对应关系,利用这些性质通过对极小元和极大元个数进行分类讨论,以一种有别于计算机算法而又容易理解的计算方法得出6元素集合上的T₀拓扑总数为130023.     

三元合金Cu76Ni15Sn9的离子溅射研究

在２７ｋｅＶ Ａｒ⁺离子轰击时,用收集膜技术结合俄歇谱仪（ＡＥＳ）,研究了三元合金Cu₇₆Ni₁₅Sn₉系统的择优溅射行为。同时使用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）与电子探针微分析（ＥＰＭＡ）．观察了靶点表面形貌变化并测定了形貌特征微区的合金组份原子的相对百分浓度。结果表明,Ｃｕ原子较Ｎｉ原子、Ｎｉ原子较Ｓｎ原子,在所测定范围（０─６０°）内择优发射。最后讨论了靶点表面形貌特征和“元素局域富集”现象对择优溅射过程的影响。 关键词：     

Effect of Co-solvent on the Palladium Catalyzed Alkoxycarbonylation of Allyl Bromide in Supercritical CO_2

We have studied the palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of allyl bromide in supercritical (sc) CO2 and found the reaction rate in sc CO2 was lower than those in some organic solvents1. The possible reason was the lower solubility of sc CO2 for the palladium catalyst. As an effective approach to improve the solubility of varieties of solutes, cosolvent such as ethanol has been widely used in the sc CO2 extraction2,3. Based on the above consideration, we chose several organic reagents…     

Dioxygen Affinities and Catalytic Oxidation Performance of Cobalt (II)Complexes with N-Aryl Hydroxamic Acid

It is well known that the study on biomimetic oxygen carriers not only has important theoretic significance to discover the mechanism of reversible bonding, activating oxygen as well as the oxidation reaction in organism, but also has potential application in separating oxygen from air and realizing the high efficiency and selectivity of catalytic oxidation reaction under a mild condition1. Metal- porphyrin and metal- phthalol- gaunine have been extensively used as biomimetic oxygen carriers u…