第一讲中子散射与散裂中子源

中子散射是研究物质微观结构和动态的理想工具之一,广泛地应用于凝聚态物质研究和应用的众多学科领域.散裂中子源能是新一代的加速器基脉冲中子源,能为中子散射提供高通量的脉冲中子.文章简明地介绍了中子散射的特点和它作为物质结构和动态探针的优越性,以及散裂中子源的基本原理、发展状况和多学科的应用优势.我国计划建设的散裂中子源CSNS中,靶站将由多片钨靶、铍/铁反射体和铁/重混凝土生物屏蔽体组成.质子束功率100kW下,脉冲中子通量约为2.4×1016n/cm2/s.第一期将设计建造高通量粉末衍射仪、高分辨粉末衍射仪、小角散射仪、多功能反射仪和直接几何非弹性散射仪等五台典型的中子散射谱仪,以覆盖大部分的中子散射研究领域.     

程序设计中类的认识和应用

编程是指用程序设计语言来生成能够被计算机识别的系统过程.在编程过程中,随着计算机的发展,人们采用过各种各样的方法,过去基本上采用的是面向过程的程序设计方法,而现在采用的是面向对象的程序设计方法.文中就面向对象程序设计方法中类的概念和应用做了一些讨论.     

在可交换四元数空间中的双曲方程的特征边值问题

讨论了一阶和二阶双曲复方程的特征边值问题.对其中两种线性方程,分别在不同的情况下获得通解和可解条件.而对于拟线性的二阶双曲复方程,证明了解的存在性和唯一性.     

An experimental study of dynamic tensile properties of glass fiber at low-temperatures

Tensile impact experiments of EC8.0−24×7 glass fiber bundles at different low temperaturesT(14°C, −40°C and −10°C) and strain rates ɛ were carried out, and complete stress-strain curves were obtained. Within the range of the experiment temperatures and strain rates, it is found that the initial modulusE, the ultimate strength σ_max and the unstable strain ɛ _b of the glass fiber bundles all increase with ɛ at an identicalT. At an identical ɛ, with the decrease ofT, E and σ_max increase; but ɛ _b increases when 10°C>T>−40°C and decreases when −40°C>T>−100°C. The strain-rate- and temperature-dependent bimodal Weibull statistical constitutive theory was adopted for the statistical analysis of the experimental results, and the Weibull parameters of single fiber were obtained. The results show that the bimodal Weibull distribution function is suitable to represent the strength distribution of the glass fiber at low temperature and different strain rates. The differences in the mechanical properties between EC8.0−24×7 and EC5.5−12 ×14 glass fiber bundles were also discussed. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19772058).     

RO-heparin Inhibits L-Selectin-mediated Neutrophils Adhesion to Vascular Endothelium Under Flow Conditions

Introduction Migrationandrecruitmentofleukocytesfromblood toinflammatorylesionsitesaresequentiallyregulated byadhesionmoleculesandtheirreceptors[1].These lectinfamilyplaysamajorroleininitiatingattachement ofneutrophilstotheactivatedendothelium.P selectin,…     

Integral-Type Darboux Transformations for the mKdV Hierarchy with Self-Consistent Sources

We present integral-type Darboux transformation for the mKdV hierarchy and for the mKdV hierarchy withself-consistent sources. In contrast with the normal Darboux transformation, the integral-type Darboux transformationscan offer non-auto-Backlund transformation between two (2n 1)-th mKdV equations with self-consistent sources withdifferent degrees. This kind of Darboux transformation enables us to construct the N-soliton solution for the mKdVhierarchy with self-consistent sources. We also propose the formulas for the m times repeated integral-type Darbouxtransformations for both mKdV hierarchy and mKdV hierarchy with self-consistent sources.     

Frequency Selectivity Behaviour in the Auditory Midbrain： Implications of Model Study

By numerical simulations on frequency dependence of the spiking threshold, i.e. on the critical amplitude of periodic stimulus, for a neuron to fire, we find that bushy cells in the cochlear nuclear exhibit frequency selec- tivity behaviour. However, the selective frequency band of a bushy cell is far away from that of the preferred spectral range in human and mammal auditory perception. The mechanism underlying this neural activity is also discussed. Further studies show that the ion channel densities have little impact on the selective frequency band of bushy cells. These findings suggest that the neuronal behaviour of frequency selectivity in bushy cells at both the single cell and population levels may be not functionally relevant to frequency discrimination. Our results may reveal a neural hint to the reconsideration on the busily cell functional role in auditory information processing of sound frequency.     

非对称度量空间上不动点定理

提出建立在非对称度量空间之间的上收缩映射和下收缩映射的概念.考虑到非对称度量的不对称性,进一步定义了非对称度量空间到自身映射的左不动点和右不动点.最后,给出了非对称度量空间上的两个不动点定理.     

基于二分法迭代的频谱感知节能优化策略

针对认知无线电(CR)系统中频谱感知技术能量效率低的问题,提出了一种基于二分法迭代寻优的联合优化算法。该算法通过联合传输功率与感知时隙进行优化,最大化地提高了CR系统的能量效率,并且在针对优化参数ξ的寻优过程中,使用了二分法与迭代算法结合的寻优方法。通过理论分析,与其他类似算法相比,该算法的寻优速度更快,算法复杂度更低,函数收敛速度更快,实际应用的可扩展性更强。数值仿真分析结果表明,在保证检测性能的前提下,提出的算法能够很好地解决能效的最优化问题,在恒定检测概率Pd=0.9和Pd=0.7条件下,所提出算法的能耗开销均低于其他算法,在系统吞吐量中所提出算法均优于其他算法,为CR系统的发展提供了理论支撑,更加符合未来CR系统的节能发展方向。     

中心静脉导管引流在治疗恶性胸腔积液的应用及护理

目的观察胸腔置管引流注药治疗恶性胸腔积液的护理效果。方法32例恶性胸腔积液患者采用中心静脉导管引流注入药物和生物制剂的治疗和护理。结果32例患者胸腔留置术均一次成功，无气胸、血胸、腔内感染等并发症。引流时间5～21d，平均l0d，所引出的液体量4000mL～11000mL，平均引流量8000±250mL。无1例患者堵塞。结论中心静脉导管引流安全、有效。减轻患者心理和生理上的痛苦，提高治愈率和生存质量，值得在临床上推广。