Microenvironment Effect on the Location Distribution of Phenothiazine in Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide/<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Pentanol/H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O W/O and Bi-continuous Microemulsions

In cetyltrimethylammonium/n-pentanol/H₂O W/O (W/O = water in oil microemulsion) mixtures and bi-continuous microemulsions, phenothiazine (PTZ) molecules exist in the membrane phase of the dispersion either with the N atom or with the S atom pointed toward the polar head of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTAB). Cyclic voltammetry has been used to investigate the effects of the compositions and structures of the microemulsions, pH, and the salt on the location distribution of PTZ in the membrane phase of the dispersion in CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O W/O and bi-continuous microemulsions. The results show that the location distribution of PTZ in the membrane phase of the dispersion in microemulsions is mainly dependent on the hydrogen bond between PTZ and n-C₅H₁₁OH (or the counterion), and on the electrostatic attractive interaction between the N atom in PTZ and the polar head of CTAB.     

Determination of Volatile Carbonyl Compounds in Cigarette Smoke by LC-DAD

An effective and rapid method, use of a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-treated Cambridge filter and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detection (DAD), has been used for determination of low-molecular-mass carbonyl compounds in cigarette smoke. Different chromatographic mobile phases were investigated and the optimized mobile phase was a gradient prepared from water–acetonitrile–tetrahydrofuran (THF)–iso-propanol, 59:30:10:1 (v/v) (mixture A) and acetonitrile–water, 65:35 (v/v) (mixture B). Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, acetone, propionaldehyde, 2-butanone, and iso-butyraldehyde were separated completely in an 18 min chromatographic run. The concentration of acid, which has large effect on carbonyl-DNPH derivatization, was investigated by adding different volumes of perchloric acid. The DNPH-treated Cambridge filter was convenient and effective compared with conventional methods used to collect and derivatize the carbonyl compounds present in cigarette smoke. Validation of the method showed it to be effective, precise, accurate, and linear over the range of concentrations of analyzed.     

笃斯茎中六种无机元素含量分析

应用原子吸收光谱法测定了内蒙古地产的笃斯茎、叶中的Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,Ca,Mg等六种人体必需微量元素及宏量元素的含量。从而为评价笃斯的品质及其药理、药效提供了具有一定价值的数据。     

遗传算法及神经网络在锅炉负荷优化分配中的应用

针对并列运行锅炉群的负荷优化分配问题,提出用遗传神经网络辨识给煤量-产气量模型,并用改进的遗传算法进行负荷优化分配.给出了改进遗传算法和遗传神经网络的辨识原理.负荷优化分配结果表明,该方法优于平均分配方法.     

添加剂在脉冲放电烟气脱氮过程中的作用

脱硝反应器由针电极和线电极组成,针电极采用不锈钢细管制成,添加剂从针电极喷出;当针电极接脉冲高压电源电晕放电时,添加剂生成自由基,用以脱除烟气中的氮氧化物.实验结果表明:当氨气和丙烯同时加入时,氮氧化物的去除率随着丙烯加入量及能量密度的增加而增加;在能量密度为2 W·h/m3,氮氧化物的初始体积分数约为80×10-6时,NO的脱除效率达到76%,NOx的脱除率达到54%.     

非线性算子方程的迭代求解方法

在较弱的条件下,利用锥理论和单调迭代方法,建立了Banach空间中一类非线性算子方程的最大最小藕合解的存在性定理和不动点定理,并给出了相应的迭代逼近式及误差估计式,改进了一些相应结果.     

卡尔曼滤波在多组分同时测定中的应用

本文综述了卡尔曼滤波在多组分同时测定中的应用，采用MATLAB语言自编程序，对Ni、Fe、Pd三元混合组分进行同时测定，取得了令人满意的结果．     

女贞子中有效成分齐墩果酸的提取

用超声方法从中药女贞子中提取齐墩果酸。通过正交实验，紫外光谱法测定，考察了三种主要因素即溶剂体积，温度和时间对齐墩果酸提取含量的影响，得到了齐墩果酸的最佳提取条件为，样品：溶剂=1：4，提取温度40℃，提取时间45min。     

2,2''''-二苯基二硫的间接电解氧化合成

以KJ—NaI为间接电解质，丙酮为溶剂，用间接电解氧化的方法对硫酚进行偶联，高产率地得到了偶联产物2，2’-二苯基二硫(Ph2S2)．