Au-Nanoparticle-Array/Aligned-Ag-Nanowire-Based Flexible Dual Plasmonic Substrate for Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection

The fabrication of flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for sensitive detection on uneven or irregular surfaces is challenging. In this study, a flexible dual plasmonic SERS (FDPS) substrate rationally constructed using Au nanoparticle (AuNP) arrays/aligned Ag nanowires (AgNWs) and elastic polyurethane (PU) is demonstrated. It exhibits high sensitivity (detection limit of 10⁻⁸ m for melamine and 10⁻¹⁰ m for malachite green) and excellent reproducibility. The well-designed structure of AuNP arrays/aligned AgNWs fabricated using block copolymer self-assembly and oil–water–air interfacial self-assembly successfully enhances the electromagnetic field through plasmonic coupling. In addition, the FDPS substrate retains a high SERS sensitivity after exposure to air at room temperature for 30 days because of the high stability of AuNP arrays and antioxidation characteristic of the PU covered on the aligned AgNWs. Even after undergoing stretching, bending, and twisting for 100 cycles, the FDPS substrate maintains a stable SERS activity owing to the introduction of the elastic PU. This study demonstrates a potential application of SERS detection under practical conditions for irregular surfaces and may be helpful in the development of flexible sensors.     

软土深基坑开挖过程的三维模拟

采用FLAC3D软件开展深基坑双排桩+锚索支护及开挖全过程数值模拟研究,给出开挖过程中和开挖结束后的应力和位移分布,监测变形状态,剖析开挖过程对基坑土体的影响,验证设计方案的可行性,及时调整现场施工的支护参数和支护措施.研究方法和结论对类似软土地区基坑工程的设计和分析有较大借鉴意义,监测点位移分析结果可为进一步开展反分析和二维分析提供依据.     

风电机组振动故障的检测方法

论述了风电机组振动故障检测的重要性及常用的振动故障的检测方法;归纳比较了小波变换法、神经网络法、神经网络与模糊理论结合法及人工免疫法的性能与优缺点;分析了我国在风电机组故障检测预警系统方面的现状与发展趋势;指出目前小波变换故障诊断法在我国已趋成熟,而人工智能检测法的应用才刚刚起步.     

单宁及其微生物降解途径研究进展

主要介绍了单宁的分布与分类,及棓单宁、鞣花单宁的结构及结构特点,它们的主要化学降解反应,讲述了单宁对动物的影响即单宁的毒副作用以及单宁的消除方法,并重点阐述了棓单宁、鞣花单宁和缩合单宁的生物降解途径,提出采用DNA重组技术克隆单宁酶基因、构建单宁酶基因工程菌,生产高活性、耐高温的单宁酶,将成为单宁降解领域的研究趋势。     

1969~2010年青藏高原北麓河盆地热喀斯特湖塘演化过程（英文）

基于青藏高原北麓河盆地1969年航片资料以及2003年和2010年SPOT-5遥感资料的解译,对该地区过去40年面积大于0.1 ha(1 ha=10000 m2)的热喀斯特湖面积和数量变化进行了研究.结果表明,该区域热喀斯特湖在1969~2010年间呈现显著的扩张趋势,湖塘的总数量增加了534个,总面积增加了410 ha.此外,通过对1969年所有湖塘的追踪统计,自1969~2010年大部分(84%)湖塘的面积呈增大的趋势,只有8%的湖塘面积减小和6%的湖塘彻底消失.这种湖塘数量和面积的增大趋势可能与持续升高的气温和逐渐增大的P-E值(降水与潜蒸散的差值)有关,但是一些非气候因素(如工程活动、湖底的透水性等)对湖塘的演化过程也具有重要的影响.     

基于多Agent系统的动态网络系统拓扑结构故障诊断方法

动态网络系统拓扑结构异常与故障呈对应关系,在拓扑结构不确定时,通过自组织算法能准确地实现动态网络拓扑结构的识别,是实现故障诊断的一种有效途径.提出了一种基于多Agent系统原理的动态网络系统拓扑结构识别方法,建立了故障诊断系统结构模型,提出了一种具有容错协调机制的邻居Agent搜索算法.以16节点动态网络系统为对象进行了仿真分析.结果证明,该方法能够有效地识别动态网络系统拓扑结构.     

排污权交易的网上双边拍卖机制设计

在多个排污权交易者随时到达拍卖平台投标并随时离开拍卖平台的前提下,采用网上双边拍卖模式对排污权交易进行建模,并设计了一种公平、有效的拍卖机制。该机制不仅能在完全未知将来投标序列的情况下立即对当前投标做出分配和支付的决策,而且满足激励相容性、个体理性、实时出清和弱预算平衡的要求,使得排污权从治理成本低的污染者流向治理成本高的污染者,从而降低了全社会的污染治理成本。最后通过一个排污权交易的算例描述了如何实现本文提出的网上双边拍卖机制。     

三门峡虢季墓遗址盐害分析与调查

针对三门峡虢季墓遗址部分区域存在起甲、泛白、疱疹等由可溶盐引起的病害,在其遗址不同部位取样进行土遗址本体含盐分析.取样区域包括虢季墓、梁姬墓和近代墓遗址.采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和离子色谱(IC)分析所取样品的可溶盐成分、含量及可溶盐成盐元素在土遗址中的成盐规律.采用电子能谱(XPS)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析样品的物相组成及盐分状态,扫描电子显微镜/能谱(SEM/EDS)进一步考察含盐土质的颗粒组成、微观形貌等.结果表明:虢季墓取样区域所含盐分主要为Na_2SO_4、CaCO_3和少量的其他盐分如CaCl_2、KNO_3和NaCl等.靠近地面部位所取样品盐分含量高于其他部位,盐害表现更为明显.梁姬墓取样区域总盐分含量略高于虢季墓与近代墓,硝酸盐含量较高.而近代墓遗址可溶盐盐分含量略低,盐害不明显.在不同取样点可溶盐含量有所差异,但在邻近区域,其成盐具有一定规律性,这一点对于遗址基体中盐害的深入研究与防治具有重要意义.     

Synthesis of a Novel Double Salt: Ammonium 3,4‐Diamino‐1,2,4‐triazolium Styphnate

Nitrogen‐rich double salt ammonium 3,4‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazoliumstyphnate (NH₄ · DATr · TNR) ( 2 ) with good thermal stability was successfully synthesized by reacting 3,4‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazolium chloride aqueous solution with styphnic acid methanol solution under the reaction medium of aqueous ammonia. The title double salt was characterized by elemental analysis (EA), Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FT‐IR), and X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P2₁/n. Its density is 1.780 g · cm^–3. Compound 2 is thermal stable below 200 °C by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test. The non‐isothermal kinetics parameters were calculated by the Kissinger's method and Ozawa‐Doyle's method, respectively. In addition, compound 2 showed low friction and impact sensitivities.     

A EuIII‐MOF with Bis(2‐carboxyethyl)isocyanurate for Luminescence Sensing of Fe3+ and SCN– Ions

The water‐stable 3D lanthanide‐organic framework (Ln‐MOF) {[Eu(bci)(H₂O)] · 2H₂O}_n ( 1 ) [H₂bci = bis(2‐carboxyethyl)isocyanurate] was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 ‐ Eu exhibits a 3D open‐framework connected by Eu–(μ‐O)₂–Eu chains and bci ligands. Meanwhile, 1 ‐ Eu exhibits highly efficient luminescent sensing for environmentally relevant Fe³⁺ and SCN^– ions through luminescence quenching. These results indicated that it could be utilized as a multi‐responsive luminescence sensor.