羧基丙烯酸酯涂料合成及其防雾性能研究

采用种子乳液聚合法合成了一种互穿网络型羧基丙烯酸酯类聚物乳液，研究了加料方式对羧基分布的影响，结果表明丙烯酸加入到核单体中有利于羧基分布在乳胶粒表面。在体系中引入离子键交联结构提高了乳液涂料的硬度和耐水性能，离子键交联ＰＩＬＮ型涂料具有优良的防雾性能。     

氟的离子选择电极瞬时电位法测定

研究了氟离子选择电极瞬时电位分析法，其检出限和Nernst响应下限均低于传统电位分析法，空白液切换到试液时瞬时电位达到稳定的峰电位Vp比传统电位法的响应快得多，可以实现小体积试液的快速准确分析；用该法测定了自来水和矿泉水中氟的含量；利用校正曲线的截距和检出限计算了LaF3的溶度积，在0.1mol/L KNO3介质中Ksp(LaF3)=10^-28.45，在0.001mol/L柠檬酸钠＋HAc-NaAc缓冲液（pH=5.50，离子强度I＝0.10mol/L)介质中溶度积K′sp(LaF3)=10^-26.26；据此，计算得柠檬酸与La^3 络合物的稳定常数K1=10^5.46和K2=10^3.99；用离子水合吉氏自由能ΔGh(F^-,g)解释了不同浓度F^-试液瞬时电位的跃迁时间。     

甲醇在欠电位沉积Ru修饰Pt电极上的催化氧化

采用欠电位沉积(upd)方法在Pt 表面沉积亚单层的Ru制备出upd-Ru/Pt 电极. 通过欠电位沉积前后电极在0.5 mol·L-1 H2SO4溶液中循环伏安图-152 - 128 mV(vs Ag/AgCl)电位范围内对氢区的数值积分确定Pt表面Ru 的覆盖度. 用电化学方法测试了甲醇在upd-Ru/Pt电极上的催化氧化, 并讨论分析了欠电位沉积电位和Ru的表面覆盖度对甲醇氧化的影响. 结果表明, Ru能够欠电位沉积到Pt表面. Pt表面欠电位沉积少量的Ru 即能大大促进甲醇的氧化.只要控制upd-Ru的沉积量, upd-Ru原子就能大大促进甲醇氧化而与沉积电位无关. Ru原子对甲醇氧化的促进作用与Ru和Pt是否形成合金无关, 而取决于Ru 在Pt表面的百分含量.     

Decoupling the effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties at the neuron–nanofibre interface

Peptide-based nanofibres are a versatile class of tunable materials with applications in optoelectronics, sensing and tissue engineering. However, the understanding of the nanofibre surface at the molecular level is limited. Here, a series of homologous dilysine–diphenylalnine tetrapeptides were synthesised and shown to self-assemble into water-soluble nanofibres. Despite the peptide nanofibres displaying similar morphologies, as evaluated through atomic force microscopy and neutron scattering, significant differences were observed in their ability to support sensitive primary neurons. Contact angle and labelling experiments revealed that differential presentation of lysine moieties at the fibre surface did not affect neuronal viability; however the mobility of phenylalanine residues at the nanofibre surface, elucidated through solid- and gel-state NMR studies and confirmed through tethered bilayer lipid membrane experiments, was found to be the determining factor in governing the suitability of a given peptide as a scaffold for primary neurons. This work offers new insights into characterising and controlling the nanofibre surface at the molecular level.

The mobility of hydrophobic moieties at a peptide nanofibre surface determines its suitability as a scaffold for sensitive primary cells.     

Purification and partial characterization of a lipase from Bacillus coagulans ZJU318

An extracellular lipase was purified from the fermentation broth of Bacillus coagulans ZJU318 by CM-Sepharose chromatography, followed by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. The lipase was purified 14.7-fold with 18% recovery and a specific activity of 141.1 U/mg. The molecular weight of the homogeneous enzyme was (32 kDa), determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme activity was maximum at pH 9.0 and was stable over a pH range of 7.0–10.0, and the optimum temperature for the enzyme reaction was 45°C. Little activity loss (6.2%) was observed after 1 h of incubation at 40°C. However, the stability of the lipase decreased sharply at 50 and 60°C. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺, whereas EDTA caused no inhibition. SDS, Brij 30, and Tween-80 inhibited lipase, whereas Triton X-100 did not significantly inhibit lipase activity.     

Hexa-Coordinate phosphorus Chemistry and Life Chemistry

The amino acids' side chains were acting as the relay device to regulate the chemical reactivi-ties of the N-phosphoryl amino acids. These modulation effects were performed through the partici-pation of the phosphoryl group.     

SNAP-tag蛋白标签技术与荧光分析法在蛋白原位分析中的联合应用

为将生物体内微观的蛋白行为可视化并以宏观信号呈现出来对蛋白进行实时、动态分析，借助SNAP-tag蛋白标签技术与有机小分子荧光染料，构建了一系列用于活细胞内实时监测目标蛋白的免洗荧光探针。标签蛋白SNAP-tag能够特异性识别探针中的苄基鸟嘌呤，从而使目标蛋白共价连接上荧光团（萘酰亚胺），携带上荧光信使。此外，由于萘酰亚胺从水环境中被牵引至SNAP-tag蛋白的疏水空腔，其荧光信号呈现出2~13倍的增强。通过SNAP-tag标签蛋白与目标蛋白的融合，该荧光探针实现了对活细胞内线粒体蛋白CoX8A及核内蛋白H2B特异性识别，在免洗条件下完成了对目标蛋白的实时追踪及原位分析。     

非晶态Co-B的局域电子结构的X_α原子簇计算

金属玻璃TM-Met(TM为过渡金属原子,Met为类金属原子,如硼、磷等)由于其优异性能已成为非晶态研究的重要课题之一。实验研究表明,类金属原子与过渡金属原子构成非晶态合金(即金属玻璃)后,平均原子磁矩随Met的含量在一定范围内的变化呈线性下降关系.相当多的文献用“电荷转移刚性能带”模型来解释.认为金属玻璃的能带是     

亚甲基蓝为介体的甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的研制及应用

构建了快速测定血清中甲胎蛋白(AFP)含量的电流型免疫传感器,该免疫传感器是用壳聚糖固定电子媒介体亚甲基蓝和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的甲胎蛋白抗体于一次性丝网印刷碳电极(SPCE)表面制备而成。当该免疫传感器在含AFP样品的溶液中于30℃培育40 min后,抗原抗体的免疫结合会导致HRP标记对过氧化氢电催化氧化的效率降低。在优化的测定条件下,催化效率的降低与AFP浓度在5.0~110.0μg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,免疫分析的检出限为1.4μg.L-1(3σ)。对免疫传感器的精密度作了试验,同一支传感器测试结果的相对标准偏差为6.6%;当取3支用同一方法制备的传感器进行测试时,相对标准偏差为9.3%。放置7d后,传感器对AFP的响应值相当于初试值的88%,在pH 7.0的缓冲溶液中的还原电流为原值的96%。     

D-甘露醇与D-山梨醇在氯化钠水溶液中的稀释焓

应用等温流动微量热法测定了298.15 K时互为旋光异构体的D-甘露醇与D-山梨醇在不同浓度的氯化钠水溶液中的稀释焓, 利用 McMillan-Mayer 理论计算了D-甘露醇与D-山梨醇在不同浓度的氯化钠水溶液中的焓对相互作用系数. 结果表明, D-甘露醇和D-山梨醇在氯化钠水溶液中的焓对相互作用系数h2均为正值, h2的值随着氯化钠浓度的增加皆逐渐增大, 但D-山梨醇的焓对相互作用系数h2增大的速率[dh2 /dm(NaCl)]比 D-甘露醇的要大. 根据两多元醇分子构象结构的差异， 溶质-溶质相互作用和溶质-溶剂相互作用对结果进行了解释.