宁夏南部山区农村小学体育师资困境考察及干预措施研究

通过访谈法和观察法对宁夏南部山区农村小学体育教学的现状做了初步调查.发现绝大多数小学体育教师身兼数职,体育课教师专职化程度不高,体育课教学效果不乐观,体育专业教师没体育课可上的一种困境.针对宁南地区农村小学体育课需求的真实性,如何在优化师资结构,拓展教学素质,完善体育教学现状等方面进行一些“源头”性的干预措施,对切实改善宁南山区农村小学体育教学现状是有一定现实意义的.     

新晃再生稻的生长与气象条件分析

为充分利用气候资源,提高新晃侗族自治县(以下简称新晃县)粮食总产量,结合该县再生稻生长的实际生产情况,通过对新晃县国家一般站1981—2018年38年气候资料和具有代表性的5个区域站2018年气象资料进行分析、对比和研究。结果表明:①≥10℃、10～22℃的活动积温随站点海拔的升高而线性减少(已通过置信度为0.01的显著性检验);②新晃县低海拔地区(400 m以下),热量资源相对较多,是可以满足再生稻种植条件;③适宜该县再生稻生长的主要生育期时间可以安排为:4月上旬播种、7月上旬前季稻抽穗扬花、8月中下旬前季稻收割再生季发苗、9月上旬再生稻安全齐穗。     

基于时变Copula模型的 基金收益率相依关系的应用研究

基于时变Copula模型,获得预测方差,确定单个基金收益率序列的边缘分布.利用常见的静态Copula和时变Copula模型对基金收益率序列间两两相依关系进行建模并进行对比分析.应用研究表明,基于MCMC方法的时变Copula模型能更有效地度量基金收益率序列的风险.     

激光能量对反钙钛矿GaCMn_3薄膜结构与物性的影响

本文采用脉冲激光沉积方法在LaAlO3(001)单晶衬底上制备了反钙钛矿GaCMn3薄膜,通过控制制备过程中脉冲激光的能量,研究了不同激光能量条件对GaCMn3薄膜结构与物理性能的影响.分别利用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、超导量子干涉仪和物理性能测试系统,对所制备的薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和磁性、电输运性质进行了研究.结果表明,制备的样品均为具有多个晶面取向的反钙钛矿薄膜,且薄膜结构和物性明显随制备激光能量的变化而变化.当激光能量为450mJ时,制备的薄膜多晶面取向性最弱,结晶性和表面形貌最优良.实验所得的薄膜均表现出顺磁-铁磁-反铁磁相转变,然而转变过程比块材较平缓,同时薄膜的电阻率并未表现出块材中的突变特征,我们推测该现象很可能是由衬底的应力及衬底的晶格膨胀对薄膜反常晶格变化的抑制作用造成的.     

QEPAS系统中石英音叉模态仿真计算与研究

对石英音叉增强型光声光谱(QEPAS)系统中常用的石英音叉进行了有限元模态计算，获得石英音叉前6阶振型与模态频率，认知了第4阶对称摆动振型为有效振动，利用单因素法分析了石英音叉的音臂长度l₁、音臂宽度w₁、音臂厚度t、音臂切角θ、音臂圆孔直径d及音臂圆孔高度h对低阶有效共振频率(Fre)的影响，敏感度依次为： l₁> w₁>d>θ>t>h，考虑实际设计情形，筛选出了l₁，w₁，d与h四个石英音叉设计变量，采用Box-Behnken实验设计方案与RSM(response surface methodology)方法，以Fre为函数目标，建立l₁，w₁，d与h的二次回归响应面模型，得到了参数之间的交互作用，利用Design-Expert软件对响应面模型进行设计参数反求，结果表明，在15 000 Hz≤Fre≤25 000 Hz计算区域内误差较小，基本满足QEPAS系统的计算需求，所提出的研究与设计方法具有一定通用性，可为QEPAS系统中石英音叉结构参数设计提供参考。     

Comparative absorption kinetics of seven active ingredients of Eucommia ulmoides extracts by intestinal in situ circulatory perfusion in normal and spontaneous hypertensive rats

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (E. ulmoides) is a valuable and nourishing medicinal herb in China that has been used in the treatment of hypertension. Given the fact that most traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used to treat disease, investigating the pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicines in the pathological state is more useful than that in the normal state. However, the differences in the absorption kinetics of active ingredients of E. ulmoides extract between pathological and physiological conditions have not been reported. Therefore, in this study, the rat intestinal in situ circulatory perfusion model was used to investigate the differences in absorption kinetics of seven active ingredients of E. ulmoides extract in normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats, namely, genipinic acid, protocatechuic acid, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, (+)-pinoresinol di-O-β-D -glucopyranoside and (+)-pinoresinol 4′-O-β-D -glucopyranoside. Our results indicate that the pathological state of spontaneous hypertension may change the absorption of active components of E. ulmoides extracts, and these findings may provide a reference for improving the rational use of E. ulmoides in the clinic.     

国家层面创新能力的评价

 综述了创新、创新监测与评价的研究进展，辨析了国家创新能力、创新型国家和科技强国的内涵特征，分析了中国创新能力在世界上的相对位置，探讨了建设科技强国的经验及启示。     

Recent Progress on Nickel-Based Oxide/(Oxy)Hydroxide Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Developing clean and sustainable energies as alternatives to fossil fuels is in strong demand within modern society. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the efficiency-limiting process in plenty of key renewable energy systems, such as electrochemical water splitting and rechargeable metal–air batteries. In this regard, ongoing efforts have been devoted to seeking high-performance electrocatalysts for enhanced energy conversion efficiency. Apart from traditional precious-metal-based catalysts, nickel-based compounds are the most promising earth-abundant OER catalysts, attracting ever-increasing interest due to high activity and stability. In this review, the recent progress on nickel-based oxide and (oxy)hydroxide composites for water oxidation catalysis in terms of materials design/synthesis and electrochemical performance is summarized. Some underlying mechanisms to profoundly understand the catalytic active sites are also highlighted. In addition, the future research trends and perspectives on the development of Ni-based OER electrocatalysts are discussed.     

Fe、Al纳米粒子熔化过程结构转变的分子动力学研究

采用分子动力学方法结合嵌入原子势函数,应用势能、共近邻技术分析方法,研究了原子数为147、309和561的正二十面体(ICO),正十面体(Dh)和立方八面体(CO)的Fe、Al纳米粒子的熔化行为.结果表明,原子数为147、309、561的ICO结构的Fe、Al纳米粒子在熔化前保持原有结构;Dh与CO结构的Al纳米粒子在熔化前向ICO结构转变,ICO结构比Dh结构和CO结构更稳定.