柱状含铝炸药水下爆炸近场的特征线法研究

基于之前提出的一种含熵变项的特征线法,通过控制非等熵流中的能量释放来刻画铝粉燃烧的影响,结合简单Chapman-Jouguet模型和JWL-Miller状态方程,计算了柱形含铝炸药水下爆炸的近场参数。对比模拟结果与实验数据,发现这种特征线法可以较好地预测近场冲击波的传播迹线、爆轰产物的膨胀轨迹以及内部压缩波的反射过程。结果表明,这种特征线法可用于含铝炸药水下爆炸的近场计算,进一步可用于评估含铝炸药性能或计算水下能量输出。     

尿素添加量对水浴合成羟基磷灰石晶须 组成、形貌和结构的影响

通过不同尿素添加量研究水浴合成法制备羟基磷灰石晶须的过程参数,分析对产物的组成、形貌和结构产生的影响.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR),扫描电镜(SEM)与能谱(EDS),高分辨率透射显微镜(HRTEM)等分析手段,对HA晶须的相结构、化学基团、微区成分和微观结构进行了表征.结果表明,在水浴条件下,可以成功地合成结晶度高、组成均一的羟基磷灰石晶须.随着尿素量的提高晶须长径比呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在微观形貌上羟基磷灰石晶须逐渐由针状向绒球状转化.通过红外分析,随着尿素的增加,在尿素缓慢分解的过程中,通过二氧化碳和氨的逐步释放,羟基基团、磷酸根基团和碳酸根基团在逐步加强.通过透射电子显微镜的分析,可以证明晶须沿c轴方向生长,恰当控制尿素的量,可以调控晶须的长径比,也可以通过尿素量的调控,获得一种绒球状羟基磷灰石粉体.     

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON FAILURE AND ENERGY DISSIPATION CHRACTERISTICS OF THE SANDSTONE1)

通过三轴卸荷试验,探究了不同路径下卸荷速率对砂岩力学特性及破坏过程中的能量耗散的影响。试验结果表明在全过程应力-应变曲线的弹性阶段,轴向变形起主导作用,弹塑性阶段,环向应变的增加值大于轴向应变增加值。在围压卸荷阶段,卸荷速率越小,卸荷阶段的应变折合柔度越大,此时岩样的变形不充分,呈现明显的脆性破坏。恒主应力差路径下的耗散能大于恒轴压路径下的耗散能的35%,卸荷速率越大,岩样的弹性应变能越小。     

Synthesis of Calix [4] resorcinarene Core Dendrimers with Peripheral Salicylideneimine Functional Groups

IntroductionOver the past two decades, dendrimers have at-tracted considerable attention because of their inherentnovel structural features and their potential applicationsin various scientific and industrial fields such as cataly-sis or newmaterials, and…     

阳极负载型SOFC阳极基底厚度对性能的影响

制备不同厚度阳极负载型YSZ薄膜固体氧化物燃料电池 ,并对电池的极化、放电性能进行了测试 .结果表明 ,电池的性能明显受阳极性能的影响 ,阳极过电位大的原因之一是受多孔阳极气体扩散的影响 .降低阳极基底的厚度 ,阳极过电位明显减小 ,电池性能明显提高 .当阳极基底厚度为 0 .5mm时 ,在 80 0℃工作温度下 ,电池的功率密度达到 0 .1 9W·cm- 2 ,较之阳极厚度为 1 .0mm的电池性能提高近 1 .5倍 (0 .1 3W·cm- 2 ) .     

基于PVDF薄膜传感器的猪肝动态压缩力学性能测试

瞬态冲击载荷作用下肝脏的力学响应是损伤生物力学的重要研究内容.本文提出了一种可用于软组织动态压缩力学特性测试的改进SHPB(分离式霍普金森压杆,Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar)方法.该方法采用PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯,Polyvinylidene Fluor)压电薄膜传感器测量实验过程中试件两端面...     

热处理对多元醇法制备的PtRu/C电催化剂的影响

采用热重、在线质谱、X射线衍射和透射电镜等技术研究了热处理对多元醇法制备的PtRu/C电催化剂催化活性的影响.结果表明,热处理前电催化剂表面吸附较多残余物种,在惰性气氛中200℃下热处理2h可以去除部分吸附物种.虽然热处理后电催化剂的平均粒径比热处理前稍有增大,但电催化剂颗粒的分散度仍较高.热处理后电催化剂催化甲醇电氧化反应的活性明显提高.     

苯/二联苯为桥的噻吩-吡咯-噻吩结构:分子构型及电致变色性质

A series of multi-branched dithienylpyrrole (SNS) monomers with rigid phenyl (PhSNS) and biphenyl rings (BPhSNS) as bridges were designed and synthesized, and were fabricated to form cross-linked polymers (pPhSNS, pBPhSNS) by electrochemical polymerization. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results showed that PhSNS and BPhSNS exhibited similar oxidative properties except for one new higher-potential oxidative peak appearing in the curves of PhSNS. Theoretical calculations indicated that it should be attributed to the different steric configuration between the two dithienylpyrrole (SNS) units in PhSNS. One SNS unit possessed a larger twist angle (40.2°) between thiophene and pyrrole rings than the other one (21.2°), which indicated that PhSNS possessed a relatively larger energy gap (~0.4 eV) between HOMO-1 and HOMO than BPhSNS, for which HOMO and HOMO-1 levels were of almost the same energy. However, both PhSNS and BPhSNS showed similar onset oxidation potentials. The CV curves of pPhSNS and pBPhSNS showed that they presented similar oxidative properties, which enabled their corresponding electrochemical polymers to exhibit similar electrochromic properties. The UV-vis spectra of the corresponding polymers showed that both pPhSNS and pBPhSNS possessed similar optical absorption and similar multicolor switching between yellow (-0.8 V), greyish-green (0.9 V) and gray (1.1 V) colors. Besides, pPhSNS and pBPhSNS showed fast switching times of 0.57 s and 0.93 s at 1100 nm, respectively and reasonable contrasts of 46% and 31% at 1100 nm, respectively. These investigations may help understand the relationship between structural configuration and the electrochemistry/electrochromic properties for polymer electrochromic (PEC) materials research.