北部湾海表面温度变化特征及其影响因素分析

【目的】了解北部湾海表面温度(SST)变化特征及其影响因素。【方法】根据NOAA提供的北部湾海域1994~2013年间SST、海面风场、潜热通量、Nino 3.4指数资料,采用平均值法、最小二乘法分析海域冬、夏两季SST分布及变化特征;采用相关系数法计算SST与海面风场、潜热通量及Nino 3.4指数间的相关系数,分析海面风场、潜热通量、厄尔尼诺效应对SST的影响。【结果】1994~2013年间,北部湾海域冬季SST约为19.0~24.0℃,大致呈"北冷南暖"的特点,夏季SST相差不大,约为28.6~29.8℃;海域冬季以降温为主,幅度约为-0.03℃/a,夏季则表现为小幅度升温,幅度约为0.01℃/a;纬向风、潜热通量对SST影响较大,厄尔尼诺事件仅在厄尔尼诺显著年对SST有显著的影响。【结论】纬向风、潜热通量对北部湾SST影响较大,厄尔尼诺现象在厄尔尼诺显著年对SST有较大的影响。     

几种可用于化学课堂观察的量化研究工具简析

本文主要站在化学课堂观察的角度,按照时间轴简单介绍了目前较为活跃的可以应用于化学课堂观察的量化取向的课堂观察量表、模型和范式,以及应用在化学课堂观察中可能出现的情况,并简单地分享化学课堂观察的量化研究发展历程给笔者的一些启示.     

1MeV Si+衬底加温注入Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs超晶格和GaAs的晶格损伤研究

用卢瑟福背散射／沟道技术研究了１ＭｅＶＳｉ⁺在衬底加温和室温下以不同剂量注入Ａｌ_0.3Ｇ_0.7Ａｓ／ＧａＡｓ超晶格和ＧａＡｓ后的晶格损伤。在衬底加温下，观察到Ａｌ_0.3Ｇａ_0.7Ａｓ／ＧａＡｓ超晶格和ＧａＡｓ都存在一个动态退火速率与缺陷产生速率相平衡的剂量范围，以及两种速率失去平衡的临界剂量。超晶格比ＧａＡｓ更难以损伤，并且它的两种速率失去平衡的临界剂量也大于ＧａＡｓ中的相应临界剂量，用热尖峰与碰撞模型解释了晶格损伤积累与注入剂量和衬底温度的关系。用ＣＮＤＯ／２量子化学方法计算了ＧａＡｓ和Ａｌ_xＧａ_1-xＡｓ中化学键的相对强度，并根据计算结果解释了注入过程中Ａｌ_0.3Ｇａ_0.7Ａｓ／ＧａＡｓ超晶格和ＧａＡｓ中晶格损伤程度的差别。 关键词：     

PSORALEN-PHOTOSENSITIZED DAMAGE OF RAT PERITONEAL EXUDATE CELLS

Psoralen-sensitized photodamage (PUVA) of rat peritoneal exudate cells was investigated. Quartz-activated luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (ChL) was registered and the amount of trypan-positive cells was determined. Irradiation of peritoneal exudate cells in the presence of psoralen resulted in a dose-dependent monotonous inhibition of ChL. The reciprocity law of irradiation intensity and duration of irradiation was not valid for the observed inhibition of ChL: the inhibition increased with higher intensity. When psoralen previously photooxidized in ethanol (POP) was added to peritoneal exudate cell suspension, a double-phase response depending on psoralen irradiation dose was obtained: ChL activation was observed at low doses of UVA, ChL inhibition at high doses. Chemiluminescence inhibition correlated well with the increase in the number of trypan-positive cells. It may be supposed that the observed effects of PUVA or POP treatment are caused by cell cytoplasmic membrane damage.     

EXPRESSION OF A PARTIAL SYNTHETIC HUMAN TNF cDNA IN E. coli

A recombinant human tumour necrosis factor (rhTNF) cDNA was constructed. The TNF gene was isolated from a human genomic gene library. There are four exons in the TNF gene. The fourth exou codes for 140 amino acids of the TNF matured protein which is composed of 157 amino acids. A major portion of the fourth exon was isolated and then ligated to a synthesized DNA fragment coding for the remaining amino acids. The partial synthetic hTNF (rhTNF) cDNA thus generated was subcloned into a vector and successfully expressed in E. coli. 5-1 fer1entator was used to produce rhTNF. About 20g (wet weight) of bacterial pellet per liter medium and 106—10~7 units of cytotoxicity to L929 cells per milliliter medium were obtained. rhTNF was purified by HPLC and dried with a freeze dryer, rhTNF with a purity of about 95% in the form of white powder was obtained. The sequence of ten amino acids at the amino terminus of the rhTNF was determined. The result showed that it was identical with that of the natural human TNF.     

溶胶浸渍模板法制备有序多孔氧化钛、氧化锌薄膜

采用溶胶浸渍模板法制备了有序多孔的氧化钛(TiO₂)和氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜。首先，在洁净的玻璃基片上通过浸渍-提拉工艺组装有序的聚苯乙烯微球(PS)阵列模板；然后再采用溶胶浸渍法将TiO₂和ZnO溶胶灌充到PS模板微球的间隙内；最后通过煅烧去除PS而得多孔薄膜。采用SEM观察了薄膜的表面形貌，并用XRD对薄膜的性能进行了表征。结果表明，溶胶的浓度对薄膜形貌有着显著的影响。经煅烧后，TiO₂和ZnO薄膜分别为锐钛矿和六方纤锌矿结构。此外，对模板的组装及溶胶的灌注过程进行了分析。     

Matrix Groups Related to the Quaternion Group and Spherical Orbit Codes

We consider a finite matrix group with 3⁴· 2¹⁶ elements, which is a subgroup of the infinite group , where is the regular representation of the quaternion group and C is a matrix that transforms the regular representation Q to its cellwise-diagonal form. There is a number of ways to define the matrix C. Our aim is to make the group similar in a certain sense to a finite group. The eventual choice of an appropriate matrix C done heuristically. We study the structure of the group and use this group to construct spherical orbit codes on the unit Euclidean sphere in R⁸. These codes have code distance less than 1. One of them has 3²· 2⁸ = 2304 elements and its squared Euclidean code distance is 0.293. Communicated by: V. A. Zinoviev     

岸线变化对钦州湾污染物输移扩散的影响

【目的】分析岸线变化对钦州湾污染物输移扩散的影响,为钦州湾岸线开发、海洋环境保护提供科学依据。【方法】在2004-2012年岸线变化的基础上,利用MIKE21数学模型对钦州湾COD扩散进行模拟。【结果】低潮位时COD扩散面积大于高潮位时,小潮期间COD扩散面积大于大潮期间;岸线变化对钦州湾污染物输移扩散有一定影响,岸线变化后,金鼓江口COD扩散面积比岸线变化前稍大,三墩公路与犀牛脚之间COD浓度增量大于2mg/L的区域明显大于岸线变化前。【结论】合理开发利用岸线,对改善钦州湾污染物输运扩散,保护海洋环境具有十分重要的意义。     

广西卵形鲳鲹小脑来源细胞系的建立及特征分析

【目的】卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)是广西重要的海水经济鱼类,但近年来随着养殖规模扩大,各种病害侵染引起的疾病频繁暴发,给广西卵形鲳鲹养殖产业造成重大损失。建立卵形鲳鲹小脑来源的细胞系(Cell line from cerebellum of Trachinotus ovatus,TOCC),将有利于广西卵形鲳鲹养殖中病毒性病害的分离、鉴定和病害的侵染致病分子机理的研究,以及环境污染和变化的动态监测。【方法】采用胰蛋白酶消化法分离得到卵形鲳鲹小脑组织的原代细胞,并进行原代培养。待原代细胞铺满单层后进行传代培养。对稳定传代的TOCC进行18SrDNA基因测序分析,然后进行生长速率分析和染色体分析,并开展病原菌(溶藻弧菌Vibrio alginolyticus)胞外产物对TOCC的毒性分析。【结果】稳定传代的TOCC为成纤维样细胞,18SrDNA基因分析结果显示其来源于卵形鲳鲹;染色体核型分析发现TOCC具有二倍体特征,特征染色体数目为62条;不同培养条件下TOCC细胞的生长速率不同,28℃生长速度最快;病原菌胞外产物对TOCC具有明显的毒性。【结论】本研究成功建立广西卵形鲳鲹小脑组织来源的细胞系(TOCC)。细菌胞外产物对TOCC细胞毒性结果表明,该细胞系在一定范围内能够替代活体检测,实现体外细胞水平对广西海水养殖中病害侵染和环境污染物的快速检测,为养殖病害的有效预防提供技术支持。