Fast Reductive Amination by Transfer Hydrogenation “on Water”

Reductive amination of various ketones and aldehydes by transfer hydrogenation under aqueous conditions has been developed, by using cyclometallated iridium complexes as catalysts and formate as hydrogen source. The pH value of the solution is shown to be critical for a high catalytic chemoselectivity and activity, with the best pH value being 4.8. In comparison with that in organic solvents, the reductive amination in an aqueous phase is faster, and the molar ratio of the substrate to the catalyst (S/C) can be set as high as 1×10⁵, the highest S/C value ever reported in reductive amination reactions. The catalyst is easy to access and the reaction is operationally simple, allowing a wide range of ketones and aldehydes to react with various amines in high yields. The protocol provides a practical and environmental friendly new method for the synthesis of amine compounds.     

Highly Stereoselective Conjugate Addition and α‐Alkynylation Reaction with Electron‐Deficient Alkynes Catalyzed by Chiral Scandium(III) Complexes

The highly Z‐selective asymmetric conjugate addition of 3‐substituted oxindoles to alkynyl carbonyl compounds has been developed by using scandium complexes of chiral N,N′‐dioxides under mild conditions. The thermodynamically unstable Z‐olefin derivatives were obtained in excellent yields and high enantiomeric and geometric control. The catalyst was also found to be effective in the asymmetric acetylenic substitution reaction of 3‐substituted oxindoles, giving excellent enantioselectivities.     

Design and Synthesis of Lipidic Organoalkoxysilanes for the Self‐Assembly of Liposomal Nanohybrid Cerasomes with Controlled Drug Release Properties

This paper reports the facile design and synthesis of a series of lipidic organoalkoxysilanes with different numbers of triethoxysilane headgroups and hydrophobic alkyl chains linked by glycerol and pentaerythritol for the construction of cerasomes with regulated surface siloxane density and controlled release behavior. It was found that the number of triethoxysilane headgroups affected the properties of the cerasomes for encapsulation efficiency, drug loading capacity, and release behavior. For both water‐soluble doxorubicin (DOX) and water‐insoluble paclitaxel (PTX), the release rate from the cerasomes decreased as the number of triethoxysilane headgroups increased. The slower release rate from the cerasomes was attributed to the higher density of the siloxane network on the surface of the cerasomes, which blocks the drug release channels. In contrast to the release results with DOX, the introduction of one more hydrophobic alkyl chain into the cerasome‐forming lipid resulted in a slower release rate of PTX from the cerasomes due to the formation of a more compact cerasome bilayer. An MTT viability assay showed that all of these drug‐loaded cerasomes inhibited proliferation of the HepG2 cancer cell line. The fine tuning of the chemical structure of the cerasome‐forming lipids would foster a new strategy to precisely regulate the release rate of drugs from cerasomes.     

Effect of hydrolysis degree of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl cellulose on dye removal efficiency

In this present work, a series of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-g-HPAM) was prepared. The structure and solution properties of CMC-g-HPAM were characterized by FTIR, ¹H-NMR, elemental analysis and zeta potential measurements. The graft copolymers were applied as flocculants to remove methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye, from aqueous solutions. In comparison with its precursors, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyacrylamide CMC-g-PAM, CMC-g-HPAM exhibited higher removal efficiencies. Furthermore, the flocculation performance of the copolymers was significantly improved with the increase of the hydrolysis degree, and the MB removal efficiency was more than 90 % when the hydrolysis degree of CMC-g-HPAM was higher than 80 %. More importantly, image analysis in combination with fractal theory demonstrated that the graft copolymers could produce notably denser and larger flocs, which was of great significance in practical water treatment. The improved flocculation performance was ascribed to both charge neutralization and bridging effects.     

稀土-赤霉素配合物的合成与光谱表征

为了研究稀土与赤霉素的相互作用及其生物效应,在乙醇溶液中合成了两种新型稀土(Sm,Dy)-赤霉素(GA3)配合物,并对其进行了元素分析、质谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱、差热分析等表征。结果表明:配合物的组成为RE(GA3-)2Cl.6H2O(RE:Sm3+,Dy3+),镝-赤霉素配合物的热稳定性略高于钐-赤霉素配合物的。所得的两种配合物均易溶于二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙醇,不溶于水和丙酮中。     

3，5-二硝基苯甲酸镉配合物的合成、晶体结构、热稳定性和荧光性质

以3,5-二硝基苯甲酸,咪唑为配体,合成了新化合物[Cd(H₂O)₂(DNBA)(Im)₂](DNBA)·H₂O,(DNBA=3,5-二硝基苯甲酸阴离子)。该配合物属正交晶系,空间群为Ccc2,晶胞参数：a=1.324 99(4) nm,b=1.516 01(5) nm,c=2.789 22(8) nm;V=5.602 7(3) nm³,D_c=1.719 g·cm^-3,Z=8,μ=0.866 mm^-1,F(000)=2 912,最终偏离因子R₁=0.058 3,wR₂=0.146 4。该配合物中包含两个单核镉(Ⅱ)配合物,且配合物中还包含未配位的3,5-二硝基苯甲酸,金属中心均是六配位变形八面体结构。并测定和研究了标题化合物的热重和荧光性能。     

基于RFID的智能跟踪机器人的设计

针对国内各种智能机器人的智能跟踪难这一现状,设计出一种基于RFID技术的智能跟踪的机器人,能实现对携有特定电子标签的目标进行实时跟踪。该机器人以STC89C51单片机为核心,采用有源RFID读写器(HR6020C)和电子标签(WS-HT06)构建定位系统,采用单片机控制L298来驱动机器人的两个后轮,整个系统通过单片机进行整合、计算、处理数据,并发出指令,控制机器人对目标进行跟踪,进而达到机器人的智能跟踪的目的。实验结果表明,该机器人达到了智能跟踪的要求。     

A Supersymmetric AKNS Problem and Its Darboux‐Bäcklund Transformations and Discrete Systems

In this paper, we consider a supersymmetric AKNS spectral problem. Two elementary and a binary Darboux transformations are constructed. By means of reductions, Darboux and Bäcklund transformations are given for the supersymmetric modified Korteweg‐de Vries, sinh‐Gordon, and nonlinear Schrödinger equations. These Darboux and Bäcklund transformations are adopted for the constructions of integrable discrete super systems, and both semidiscrete and fully discrete systems are presented. Also, the continuum limits of the relevant discrete systems are worked out.     

具有变时滞和马尔可夫切换的随机递归神经网络的弱收敛(英文)

本文研究了具有变时滞和马尔可夫切换的随机递归神经网络的弱收敛,通过运用Lyapunov函数、随机分析技巧和推广了的Halanay不等式,得到了上述模型为弱收敛的充分性条件,并且我们揭示了对上述递归神经网络模型所确定的segment过程的转移概率的极限分布是此模型的解过程的唯一的遍历不变概率测度.此外,我们还给出了例子和数值模拟来说明我们结论的正确性.     

Water-soluble pillar[6]arene stabilized silver nanoparticles: preparation and application in amino acid detection

In the presence of a water-soluble pillar[6]arene WP6 containing 12 imidazolium groups, silver nanoparticles were successfully prepared and investigated in detail by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Excitingly, these pillar[6]arene stabilized silver nanoparticles were demonstrated to function as a colorimetric sensor to selectively probe glutamic acid in water.