诺卡氏菌对养殖水体中氨氮的降解特性研究

应用诺卡氏菌Nocardia对影响氨氮降解的各种主要因素进行了研究,发现降解菌在30℃,pH7．2及氨氮初始浓度0～30mg／L范围内保持高活性,最大降解速率达3．5mg／L·h。当底物浓度大于50mg／L时,平均降解速率线性下降。当接种量(菌悬液／反应液)为20mL/100mL时氨氮的降解是高效与经济的。     

蓖麻油系防锈剂的研制

本文从蓖麻油出发制成几种化合物，研究了它们的防锈性能，研制了一种新型防锈剂。     

适于深圳城市河道护坡的草类植物筛选

通过构建模拟城市河道,测定7种供试植物的盖度、生物量、坡面适应性、根系特征、耐淹能力及抗冲刷能力等,对适于深圳城市河道护坡的草类植物进行了筛选.结果表明:在深圳的自然条件下,各供试植物在模拟河道堤坡上都能正常生长;播种或幼苗移栽4个月后,各物种间的盖度、生物量、根系特征、耐淹能力及抗冲刷能力差异显著;百喜草盖度可达70%以上,生物量(干重)可达8.33 kg/m2,其中根系生物量为2.09 kg/m2,而且直径不超过1mm的有效根多,明显高于其它供试植物;百喜草植株在部分淹水、全淹时半数死亡时间分别为45及15 d,耐淹能力强;百喜草砌块能抵御4.0m/s的流速冲刷.综合各项指标,百喜草是最适于深圳地区城市河道护坡的优良水保草种.     

基于GLUE方法的流域水文模型的不确定性分析

以东江流域中的星丰流域为研究对象,采用GLUE方法探讨了TOPMODEL模型在水文预报中的不确定性.研究结果表明,模型中的参数m、T0和RV较为敏感,它们的微小改变都将影响模拟结果,而参数SR0不太敏感.从两场次洪水的流量过程线可看出,模拟得到的流量过程线的上、下边界并不能完全包含实测流量过程线,总有一些实测流量落在90%的置信区间之外,说明TOPMODEL模型并不能完全模拟出该流域的流量过程,这正是由于模型的不确定性而引起的.     

Visualization of Biomolecular Networks’ Comparison on Cytoscape

Similarities and dissimilarities between biomolecular networks cannot be intuitively recognized even after the development of several comparison algorithms because of the lack of visualization tools. In this paper, an integrated tool kit named Biomolecular Network Match（BNMatch） is designed and developed based on Cytoscape—a popular and open-source tool for analyzing and visualizing networks. BNMatch integrates the comparison of the outputs of algorithms used for processing biomolecular networks and expresses the matching data between them by defining similar vertices and links with similar attributes. Moreover, in order to maintain consistency, their counterparts in other networks change when the nodes and edges in one of the compared networks are changed. It becomes easy for users to analyze similar networks by invoking comparison algorithms and visualizing the matching data between the networks using BNMatch.     

Palaeogene fossil <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus</Emphasis> leaves from Lanzhou Basin and their palaeoclimatic significance

An angiosperm compression flora is found in Palaeogene from Lanzhou Basin and the cuticular analysis of Populus davidiana Dode in the flora is carefully made. Furthermore, the fossil cuticles are compared with the epidermal structures of extant Populus leaves growing in different environments, i.e. moist, semimoist, and semiarid to arid climatic regions. The present experiments indicate that mature leaves of P. davidiana show leaf size from big to small, leaf cuticles from thick to thin and anticlinal walls of epidermal cells from faintness to clarity along with the increase of lattudes of the plant distributions, the climatic variation from moist to arid, the annual precipitation from more to less and the annual mean temperature from high to low. The fossil P. davidiana differs from the specimens collected from Shandan in semiarid to arid climatic regions but closely resembles the Wushan leaves in a semi-moist climatic area in a lot of features. In a word, the new research may reflect that the flora lives in a semi-moist climatic environment. The present discovery of compression of Paleogene Populus davidiana is of great significance to studying vegetation types, climatic and environmental changes during the primal uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.     

Influence of the Gulf Stream on the troposphere

The Gulf Stream transports large amounts of heat from the tropics to middle and high latitudes, and thereby affects weather phenomena such as cyclogenesis and low cloud formation. But its climatic influence, on monthly and longer timescales, remains poorly understood. In particular, it is unclear how the warm current affects the free atmosphere above the marine atmospheric boundary layer. Here we consider the Gulf Stream's influence on the troposphere, using a combination of operational weather analyses, satellite observations and an atmospheric general circulation model. Our results reveal that the Gulf Stream affects the entire troposphere. In the marine boundary layer, atmospheric pressure adjustments to sharp sea surface temperature gradients lead to surface wind convergence, which anchors a narrow band of precipitation along the Gulf Stream. In this rain band, upward motion and cloud formation extend into the upper troposphere, as corroborated by the frequent occurrence of very low cloud-top temperatures. These mechanisms provide a pathway by which the Gulf Stream can affect the atmosphere locally, and possibly also in remote regions by forcing planetary waves. The identification of this pathway may have implications for our understanding of the processes involved in climate change, because the Gulf Stream is the upper limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, which has varied in strength in the past and is predicted to weaken in response to human-induced global warming in the future.     

数控车床加工椭圆类非圆曲线宏程序应用

为方便加工零件上不同位置的椭圆轮廓,采用坐标系平移与坐标系旋转的方法,将给定椭圆表达式所在的原坐标系与数控车床工件坐标系建立联系.并通过实例进行粗车循环与宏程序联合编程,完成零件加工.提出的坐标系平移与坐标系旋转方法,可方便地对不同位置的椭圆轮廓在数控车床工件坐标系中建立新的表达式,该方法数学计算简单,适用于各类、不同位置非圆曲线的宏程序编写.     

Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile allylation of vinyl bromides and the modification of anti-tumour natural medicine β-elemene

Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant. This Ni-catalyzed modular approach displays excellent functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, which the creation of a series of 1,4-dienes including several structurally complex natural products and pharmaceutical motifs. Moreover, the coupling strategy has the potential to realize enantiomeric control. The practicality of this transformation is demonstrated through the potent modification of the naturally antitumor active molecule β-elemene.

Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant.     

基于机器人检测的引水隧洞结构缺陷特征分析

利用机器人对水工隧洞进行检测是解决引水隧洞斜井段安全巡检的有效手段。采用爬行机器人搭载三维激光扫描仪及高清摄像装备对引水隧洞进行结构巡检,通过三维点云处理与缺陷数据拼接获取引水隧洞断面的缺陷信息,并结合缺陷数据处理成果分析引水隧洞结构缺陷特征及分布规律,实现了引水隧洞表观缺陷形态不规则、分布不均、多种缺陷共存的巡检与分析。结果表明：引水隧洞内存在的缺陷包括裂缝、渗漏、漏筋等,上平段缺陷数量明显多于斜井段,其中裂缝是最主要的缺陷类型。上平段裂缝主要分布在洞顶位置,多以垂直洞轴线的横线裂缝存在;斜井段裂缝均匀分布在洞周各个位置,走向以斜向裂缝居多。可见,上平段和斜井段缺陷数量和裂缝特征均存在较大差异,在后期的安全巡检过程中更应该主要关注裂缝的扩展情况。