全文获取类型
收费全文 | 101505篇 |
免费 | 3296篇 |
国内免费 | 2648篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 33196篇 |
晶体学 | 945篇 |
力学 | 7433篇 |
综合类 | 134篇 |
数学 | 33461篇 |
物理学 | 19537篇 |
综合类 | 12743篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 59篇 |
2023年 | 262篇 |
2022年 | 441篇 |
2021年 | 555篇 |
2020年 | 554篇 |
2019年 | 550篇 |
2018年 | 11048篇 |
2017年 | 10894篇 |
2016年 | 6879篇 |
2015年 | 1678篇 |
2014年 | 1426篇 |
2013年 | 1633篇 |
2012年 | 5524篇 |
2011年 | 12738篇 |
2010年 | 7554篇 |
2009年 | 7793篇 |
2008年 | 8527篇 |
2007年 | 10677篇 |
2006年 | 1464篇 |
2005年 | 2352篇 |
2004年 | 2369篇 |
2003年 | 2644篇 |
2002年 | 1745篇 |
2001年 | 859篇 |
2000年 | 873篇 |
1999年 | 717篇 |
1998年 | 646篇 |
1997年 | 544篇 |
1996年 | 601篇 |
1995年 | 466篇 |
1994年 | 345篇 |
1993年 | 332篇 |
1992年 | 258篇 |
1991年 | 266篇 |
1990年 | 214篇 |
1989年 | 187篇 |
1988年 | 164篇 |
1987年 | 141篇 |
1986年 | 122篇 |
1985年 | 78篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 59篇 |
1982年 | 55篇 |
1981年 | 48篇 |
1980年 | 52篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1914年 | 45篇 |
1912年 | 40篇 |
1909年 | 41篇 |
1908年 | 40篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
921.
水溶性含C_(60)聚电解质的制备及其与重氮树脂自组装膜AFMFFM的初步研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过BPO引发的溶液聚合 ,合成了水溶性的星状C6 0 苯乙烯 苯乙烯磺酸钠的三元共聚物 [Star shapedC6 0 poly(St SS) ],运用自组装技术 ,在水溶液中 ,含C6 0 的三元共聚物与重氮树脂 (Diazoresin)通过正负离子间的吸附力在云母基片上交替一层一层有序地组装成固体膜 .自组装膜经紫外光幅照反应 ,通过重氮基的分解 ,层间连接的离子键转变成共价键 ,从而增加薄膜的稳定性和堆砌密度 .用原子力显微镜 摩擦力显微镜(AFM FFM)考察了C6 0 在膜中的承载作用及比较不同链结构、不同链长、不同层数自组装膜的表面形貌和微摩擦性能 .初步的研究结果显示了聚合物薄膜的微摩擦性能与聚合物的化学结构、链长和膜的层数有密切关系 相似文献
922.
923.
A simple and novel method was developed to successfully synthesize N-succinyl-O-carboxymethylchitosan (NSOCMCS) using N-acylation of chitosan with succinic anhydride. The NSOCMCS structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and
1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The aggregation behaviors of NSOCMCS were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light
scattering, and atomic force microscopy techniques. The critical aggregation concentration of NSOCMCS in water was determined
to be 0.2–0.3 mg/ml. The apparent hydrodynamic radium of an NSOCMCS aggregate was dependent on the concentration. The aggregates
demonstrated a much swollen association conformation in aqueous solution. The possible aggregation mechanisms for the NSOCMCS
in water are discussed. Moreover, a driving force to form an open aggregation morphology was revealed in this study. Aggregation
behaviors are important physicochemical properties of NSOCMCS, which impact the potential application in the biomedical field. 相似文献
924.
A novel method for DNA detection is proposed that is based on the enhancement of resonance light scattering (RLS) of Ru(bpy)2PIP(V)2+ at pH 2.7. Under optimum conditions, good linear relationships were obtained in the wide concentration range of 16–5120 ng mL−1. The linear equation is I
RLS = 13.15 + 171.4 c (μg mL−1), the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.9999. The detection limit of calf thymus DNA is 5.02 ng mL−1. Plasmid DNA extracted from bacillus subtilis was determined by the method with satisfactory results. 相似文献
925.
I. K. Battisha A. El Beyally S. Abd El Mongy A. M. Nahrawi 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2007,41(2):129-137
Structural characteristics of pure silica gel (silica-xerogel, SiO2) and silica gel doped with some rare earth elements (REEs) such as, praseodymium Pr3+, and Europium Eu3+, Erbium Er3+ and Holmium Ho3+ ions, with different concentrations ranging from 1 up to 6%, in the form of monolith materials were prepared by sol-gel technique,
Using tetra-ethoxysilane as precursor materials, which are of particular interest for sol-gel integrated optics applications.
Some structural features of sol-gel derived monolith are analyzed, namely the structure of nano-particle momolith samples,
based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). We show that the XRD spectra of α-crystobalite are
obtained for the pure samples at 1100°C and even by doping with the four REEs ions. 相似文献
926.
Yan B Collins N Wheatley J Irving M Leopold K Chan C Shornikov A Fang L Lee A Stock M Zhao J 《Journal of combinatorial chemistry》2004,6(2):255-261
We have developed a high-throughput purification system to purify combinatorial libraries at a 50-100-mg scale with a throughput of 250 samples/instrument/day. We applied an accelerated retention window method to shorten the purification time and targeted one fraction per injection to simplify data tracking, lower QC workload, and simplify the postpurification processing. First, we determined the accurate retention time and peak height for all compounds using an eight-channel parallel LC/UV/MS system, and calculated the specific preparative HPLC conditions for individual compounds. The preparative HPLC conditions include the compound-specific gradient segment for individual compounds with a fixed gradient slope and the compound-specific UV or ELSD threshold for triggering a fraction collection device. A unique solvent composition or solvent strength was programmed for each compound in the preparative HPLC in order to elute all compounds at the same target time. Considering the possible deviation of the predicted retention time, a 1-min window around the target time was set to collect peaks above a threshold based on UV or ELSD detection. Dual column preparative instruments were used to maximize throughput. We have purified more than 500 000 druglike compounds using this system in the past 3 years. We report various components of this high-throughput purification system and some of our purification results. 相似文献
927.
Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Composition Analysis of Using Iron Oxide as an Oxygen Carrier in Nonflame Combustion Technology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jiayu Xin Hua Wang* Fang He Zhimin Zhang Faculty of Materials Metallurgical Engineering Kunming University of Science Technology Kunming China 《天然气化学杂志》2005,14(4)
1. Introduction The utilization of fossil fuels causes serious neg- ative impacts on the environment and human life. There are many pollutants such as SOx, NOx and CO2 emission produced from the combustion of coal, oil and natural gas. It has been known for more than 100 years that CO2 is a greenhouse gas and that the release of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion may affect the climate of the earth. In the last years the concern over the aspects of an increased release of greenhouse gases has… 相似文献
928.
929.
功能色素材料——苯重氮氨基偶氮苯类光度显色剂的研究罗小民周伟良孙培培吴斌才(华东师范大学化学系上海200062)关键词光度显色剂离解电子光谱HMO法中图分类号621.13功能色素材料包括光致变色、电致变色、热致变色和压敏变色材料以及光度显色剂等。这些... 相似文献
930.