中国古代孝论文献综述

按照中国古代图书四部分类法,中国古代文献可分为经、史、子、集四个部分。从经、史、子、集四个部分入手,以时间为线索,介绍中国历代学者对孝道的不同见解,力图展现中国古代各家各派孝道思想的相同点和差别,梳理清楚中国古代孝道思想的历史发展,整理中国古代有关孝论的文献资料,为中国现代孝文化研究提供文献资料。     

Comparison of two ultrasound‐enhanced microextractions combined with HPLC for determining acaricides in water

An ultrasound‐enhanced in situ solvent formation microextraction has been developed first time and compared with ultrasound‐enhanced ionic‐liquid‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the HPLC analysis of acaricides in environmental water samples. A ionic liquid ([C₈MIM][PF₆]) was used as the green extraction solvent through two pathways. The experimental parameters, such as the type and volume of both of the extraction solvent disperser solvent, ultrasonication time, and salt addition, were investigated and optimized. The analytical performance using the optimized conditions proved the feasibility of the developed methods for the quantitation of trace levels of acaricides by obtaining limits of detection that range from 0.54 to 3.68 μg/L. The in situ solvent formation microextraction method possesses more positive characteristics than the ionic‐liquid‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method (except for spirodiclofen determination) when comparing the validation parameters. Both methods were successfully applied to determining acaricides in real water samples.     

Syntheses,Structures, and Properties of Two New Tri‐spin Lanthanide‐Nitronyl Nitroxide (LnIII = GdIII and HoIII) Complexes

Abstract. Two radical–Ln^III–radical complexes, [Ln(hfac)₃(NITPh‐Ph)₂] [Ln = Gd ( 1 ) and Ho ( 2 ), hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; and NITPh‐Ph = 4′‐biphenyl‐4, 4, 5, 5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide] were synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, as well as IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. X‐ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the structures of both complexes are isomorphous, the central Ln^III ions are coordinated by six oxygen atoms from three hfac ligand molecules and two oxygen atoms from nitronyl radicals. The temperature dependencies of the magnetic susceptibilities were studied. They showed that in the Gd^III complex, ferromagnetic interactions between Gd^III and the radicals and antiferromagnetic interactions between the radicals coexist in this system (with J_Rad–Gd = 0.1 cm^–1, J_Rad–Rad = –0.309 cm^–1).     

Surface Performance and Cytocompatibility Evaluation of Acrylic Acid-Mediated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Coating on Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene)

To improve the biocompatibility of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) film, a technique based on Ar plasma pretreatment and UV-induced grafting polymerization was used to immobilize carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) on the FEP film surfaces. Initially Ar plasma was used to treat FEP film. Then, plasma treated FEP film was modified via UV-induced grafting polymerization with hydrophilic acrylic acid (AAc) monomer. The following immobilization of CMCS on the FEP-pAAc surface was carried out via an amidation reaction. The change of chemical composition and surface morphology of FEP film were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results of water contact angles measurement showed that the hydrophilicity of the surface has improved significantly after surface modification. Furthermore, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and cell morphology analysis confirmed that mouse fibroblasts (L929 cells) attachment and proliferation were improved remarkably on the modified FEP surface. These results suggest that CMCS were successfully employed to surface engineering FEP film, and enhanced its cell biocompatibility. The approach presented here may be exploited for surface modification of biomaterials.     

基于金刚石结构碳的多孔材料设计及储氢性能研究

基于金刚石结构的碳设计了多孔材料,利用GCMC方法对其在温度为298 K,压强为0~100 bar的条件下的储氢量、氢分子分布和等量吸附热进行了讨论.考虑孔内壁以化学吸附的氢在内,PCM-2和PCM-3两种多孔材料的重量储氢量达到了相关机构规定的实际储氢应用的最低标准.氢分子密度分布图表明氢分子在孔道中的分布距离孔道边缘有一定的距离,此距离是因氢分子具有一定的动力学直径所致.等量吸附热表明多孔材料对氢分子的吸附属于物理吸附.     

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中5种硝基咪唑类和6种苯二氮卓类药物北大核心CSCD

建立了分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中5种硝基咪唑类和6种苯二氮卓类药物残留的方法。样品用1%(v/v)氨水乙腈提取,提取液经十八烷基键合硅胶(C18)和N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)吸附剂净化,在45℃下用氮气吹至近干,用1 mL甲醇-水(1∶9,v/v)溶液复溶,过0.22μm尼龙-66滤膜后用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定。目标化合物采用Kinetex F5色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,2.6μm)分离,以0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液和甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源(ESI)、正离子扫描和多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定,基质匹配外标法定量。结果表明,5种硝基咪唑类和6种苯二氮卓类药物在8.5 min内完成色谱分离分析,目标物在0.5~20μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995,检出限和定量限分别为0.2~0.5μg/kg和0.5~1.0μg/kg。以草鱼、对虾和大黄鱼为样品基质,在3个不同的添加水平下,5种硝基咪唑类和6种苯二氮卓类药物的平均回收率为73.2%~110.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于15%。本研究建立的方法具有简单、快速、灵敏度高和成本低等优势,可用于水产品中5种硝基咪唑类和6种苯二氮卓类药物的快速检测。该方法的建立为我国水产品质量安全相关监管部门同时监控水产品中硝基咪唑类和苯二氮卓类药物残留提供了技术支持。     

高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱快速筛查鉴别食品中非法添加的62种中药材北大核心CSCD

建立了高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱快速筛查鉴别食品中非法添加的62种中药材的方法。依据卫生部关于进一步规范保健食品原料管理的通知(卫法监发[2002]51号)中可用于保健食品的物品名单,确定食品中可能非法添加的62种中药材原料清单,再从62种中药材中筛选其特征组分,获得不同中药材对应的特征组分清单。62种对照药材经甲醇超声提取后,于Thermo Accucore aQ色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm)上分离,在电喷雾正负离子扫描模式下,分别以0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液-乙腈和水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,进行一级质谱和二级质谱全扫描检测,采用Library View软件建立不同中药材对应的特征组分的一级精确质量数据库和二级碎片质谱库。样品同法处理后上样分析,采用Peak View软件将样品高分辨数据与自建数据库中的质谱图、精确分子离子质量数、碎片离子质量数、保留时间等相关参数进行快速筛查鉴别分析。该工作通过建立“中药材-特征组分”对应清单,构建了食品中易非法添加的62种中药材中共388种特征组分的高分辨质谱库,每种中药材包括5~10种特征组分,通过对实际食品样品配制酒、代用茶及饮料进行筛查分析,1批次配制酒样品与淫羊藿中药材的7种特征组分匹配一致,推断该配制酒样品中加入了淫羊藿中药材。该法可实现无标准品情况下中药材的定性筛查,具有高通量、准确、简便、快捷的特点,解决了食品中非法添加中药材难以识别和确证的难题,可以实现食品中非法添加中药材的快速筛查鉴别分析。     

Prodigiosin of Serratia marcescens ZPG19 Alters the Gut Microbiota Composition of Kunming Mice

Prodigiosin is a red pigment produced by Serratia marcescens with anticancer, antimalarial, and antibacterial effects. In this study, we extracted and identified a red pigment from a culture of S. marcescens strain ZPG19 and investigated its effect on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of Kunming mice. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that the pigment had a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 324.2160, and thus it was identified as prodigiosin. To investigate the effect of prodigiosin on the intestinal microbiota, mice (n = 5) were administered 150 μg/kg/d prodigiosin (crude extract, 95% purity) via the drinking water for 18 days. Administration of prodigiosin did not cause toxicity in mice. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that prodigiosin altered the cecum microbiota abundance and diversity; the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio significantly decreased, whereas Lactobacillus reuteri significantly increased. This finding indicates that oral administration of prodigiosin has a beneficial effect on the intestinal microbiota of mice. As prodigiosin is non-toxic to mouse internal organs and improves the mouse intestinal microbiota, we suggest that it is a promising candidate drug to treat intestinal inflammation.     

Photoelectrochemical Detection of H2O2 Based on Flower‐Like CuInS2‐Graphene Hybrid

A novel photoelectrochemcial biosensing system was fabricated based on the composition of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), flower‐like CuInS₂ (CIS) and graphene on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode for detecting H₂O₂. The graphene layer was used as highly conductive scaffolds for electron transport from the ITO electrode to CIS. Furthermore, the flower‐like CIS enhanced the multi‐reflection of light and provided matrixes for the adsorption of HRP. Utilizing one‐pot solvothermal method, we prepared flower‐like CIS‐graphene hybrid (GCIS). Electrochemical tests displayed advantage of graphene with better electron conductivity, and HRP/GCIS showed higher photoelectrochemical behavior.     

Effect of different ionic layered compounds decorated with zinc hydroxystannate on flame retardancy and smoke performance of epoxy resin

ZHS@ Mg‐Al‐LDH and ZHS@α‐ZrP hybrid materials were prepared by electrostatically loading zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) on the layered compounds (Mg‐Al‐LDH and α‐ZrP) in this work. With the addition of 2 wt% of the two hybrid materials to epoxy resin (EP), respectively, the fire hazard of EP and its composites were investigated. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of ZHS@ Mg‐Al‐LDH/EP composite increased by 19.0% compared with pure EP, while its peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), and peak smoke release rate (SPR) decreased by 48.2%, 20.8%, and 21.6%, respectively, evidenced by the results of the LOI test and cone calorimetry test (CCT). The LOI of ZHS@α‐ZrP/EP composite increased by 20.4%, and its PHRR, THR, and SPR decreased by 47.7%, 21.4%, and 27.1%, respectively. Both hybrid materials showed prominent flame retardant and smoke suppressing properties. In addition, through the analysis of the TG‐IR and Raman spectrum of residual char, the specific mechanism of flame retardance and smoke suppression was explored.