民用防爆汽化站设计探讨

对居民小区汽化站屋面防爆口做法进行改进，并对其他方面的建筑构造要求进行了探讨．     

计及V2G的最优调频功率分配研究

以合理分配调频功率为主要目标,建立了以电动汽车接入电网(V2G)调频服务收益最大化和最终电荷状态方差最小化为优化目标的数学模型,并以纽约州独立系统交易运行机构(NYISO)的实时辅助服务价格和负荷数据为例,利用粒子群优化算法优化目标函数,对比分析不同方案下的仿真结果。仿真结果表明:引入权重系数有效地避免V2G调频服务中电动汽车"高充低放"的现象;提出的多目标优化方案使得电动汽车代理商获得最大调频利润的同时,调频功率在电动汽车中的分配更加合理。     

Fabrication of ZnSe/C Hollow Polyhedrons for Lithium Storage

ZnSe has got extensive attention for high-performance LIBs anode due to its remarkable theoretical capacity and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the large volume variation for the ZnSe in the discharge/charge processes brings about rapid capacity fading and poor rate performance. Herein, ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons are successfully synthesized by selenization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) coating. The protection of C layer derived from RF coating layer and Ostwald ripening during the process of selenization play important roles in promoting formation of ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons. The ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons exhibit good rate performance and long-term cycle stability (345 mAh g⁻¹ up to 1000 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹) for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) anode. The improved electrochemical performance is benefit from the unique ZnSe/C hollow structure, in which the hollow structure can effectively avoid terrible volume expansion, and the thin ZnSe/C shell can not only provide adequate diffusion paths of lithium ions and but also enhance the electronic conductivity.     

希望产生的自尊:儿童心理素质减少社交焦虑的内在机制

选取小学生心理素质问卷、儿童希望感量表、自尊量表和儿童社交焦虑量表,对1 543名四至六年级的小学生进行问卷调查。结果显示:希望和自尊在儿童心理素质与社交焦虑之间起连续中介作用;希望无法直接影响儿童的社交焦虑,需要通过自尊产生间接影响。     

Fluorescence Probing of Active Lithium Distribution in Lithium Metal Anodes

The uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites and the accumulation of byproducts are two severe concerns for lithium metal batteries, which leads to safety hazards and a low Coulombic efficiency. To investigate the deterioration of the cell, it is important to figure out the distribution of active Li species on the anode surface and distinguish Li dendrites from byproducts. However, it is still challenging to identify these issues by conventional visual observation methods. In this work, we introduce a novel fluorescent probing strategy using 9,10‐dimethylanthracene (DMA). By marking the cycled Li‐anode surface, the active Li distribution can be visualized by the fluorescence quenching of DMA reacting with active Li. The method demonstrates validity for electrolyte selection and predictive detection of uneven Li deposition on Li metal anodes. Furthermore, the location of dendrites can be clearly identified after destructive utilization of the anode, which will contribute to the development of failure‐analysis technology for Li metal batteries.     

Anion Solvation Reconfiguration Enables High-Voltage Carbonate Electrolytes for Stable Zn/Graphite Cells

Conventional carbonate solvents with low HOMO levels are theoretically compatible with the low-cost, high-voltage chemistry of Zn/graphite batteries. However, the nucleophilic attack of the anion on carbonates induces an oxidative breakdown at high potentials. Here, we restore the inherent anodic stability of carbonate electrolytes by designing a micro-heterogeneous anion solvation network. Based on the addition of a strongly electron-donating solvent, trimethyl phosphate (TMP), the oxidation-vulnerable anion-carbonate affinities are decoupled because of the preferential sequestration of anions into solvating TMP domains around the metal cations. The hybridized electrolytes elevate the electrochemical window of carbonate electrolytes by 0.45 V and enable the operation of Zn/graphite dual-ion cells at 2.80 V with a long cycle life (92 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles). By inheriting the non-flammability from TMP and the high ion-transport kinetics from the carbonate systems, this facile strategy provides cells with the additional benefits of fire retardancy and high-power capability.     

西宁市创新企业的空间分布格局与影响因素研究

创新驱动发展战略下,创新发展是城市可持续发展的重要内容.西宁市创新企业的发展能够推动青海省乃至青藏高原创新产业的发展.本文以西宁市主城区创新企业为研究对象,利用核密度分析法、空间集聚程度分析法、探索性空间数据分析、地理探测器等方法,探索西宁市创新企业的空间分布格局与影响因素,旨在通过研究创新企业集聚,推动西宁市创新产业的发展水平.结果表明:西宁市创新载体空间分布集聚特征明显;西宁市创新载体呈现"主核心区+双次中心区+周边分散"的空间格局;西宁市创新企业的集聚受多因素共同影响,不同行政区影响程度各异.     

基于实车试验大数据分析的插电式混合动力汽车能量管理策略解析

以某先进的串并联混合动力系统为研究对象,提出一种插电式混合动力汽车能量管理策略的逆向解析方法。基于功率流和能量分析,设计试验解析流程,通过实车试验,分别完成对整车动力性、经济性测试及其性能影响分析,在此基础上制定插电式混合动力汽车的能量管理策略。最后基于MATLAB/Simiulink平台及其Simscape模型库,开发了基于实车试验大数据的串并联插电式混合动力汽车仿真平台,通过仿真与实车试验的对比分析,验证了解析策略的正确性。     

A series of new zirconium complexes bearing bis(phenoxyketimine) ligands: Synthesis, characterization and ethylene polymerization

A series of new zirconium complexes bearing bis(phenoxyketimine) ligands, bis((3,5-di-tert-butyl-C₆H₂-2-O)R₁CN (2-R₂-C₆H₄))ZrCl₂ {R₁ = Me, R₂ = H (2a); R₁ = Et, R₂ = H (2b); R₁ = Ph, R₂ = H (2c); R₁ = 2-Me-Ph, R₂ = H (2d); R₁ = 2-F-Ph, R₂ = H (2e); R₁ = 2-Cl-Ph, R₂ = H (2f); R₁ = 2-Br-Ph, R₂ = H (2g); R₁ = Ph, R₂ = Me (2h); R₁ = Ph, R₂ = F (2i)}, have been prepared, characterized and tested as catalyst precursors for ethylene polymerization. Crystal structure analysis reveals that complex 2c has a six coordinate center in a distorted octahedral geometry with trans-O, cis-N, cis-Cl arrangement which possesses approximate C₂ symmetry. When activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), complexes 2a-2i exhibited high ethylene polymerization activities of 10⁶-10⁸ g PE (mol M h)⁻¹. Compared with the bis(phenoxyimine) zirconium analogues bis((3,5-di-tert-butyl-C₆H₂-2-O)CHNC₆H₅)ZrCl₂ (3), the introduction of substituent on the carbon atom of the imine double bond enhanced the catalytic activity and molecular weight of prepared polyethylene. Especially, when the H atom at the carbon atom of the imine double bond was replaced by 2-fluoro-phenyl with strong electronic-withdrawing property, complex 2e displayed the highest catalytic activity, and the polyethylene obtained possessed the highest molecular weight and melt point.