Subsolidus phase relations and crystal structure of compounds in the PrOx-CaO-CuO system

The subsolidus phase relations of the PrO_x-CaO-CuO pseudo-ternary system sintered at 950-1000°C have been investigated by X-ray powder diffraction. In this system, there exist one compound Ca₁₀Pr₄Cu₂₄O₄₁, one Ca₂Pr₂Cu₅O₁₀-based solid solution, seven three-phase regions and two two-phase regions. The crystal structures of Ca₁₀Pr₄Cu₂₄O₄₁ and Ca₂Pr₂Cu₅O₁₀-based solid solution have been determined. Compound Ca₁₀Pr₄Cu₂₄O₄₁ crystallizes in an orthorhombic cell with space group D_2h²⁰−Cccm, Z=4. Its lattice parameters are a=11.278(2) Å, b=12.448(3) Å and c=27.486(8) Å. The crystal structure of Ca₂Pr₂Cu₅O₁₀-based solid solution is an incommensurate phase based on the orthorhombic NaCuO₂ type subcell. The lattice parameters of the subcell of the Ca_2.4Pr_1.6Cu₅O₁₀ are a₀=2.8246(7) Å, b₀=6.3693(5) Å, c₀=10.679(1) Å, and those of the orthorhombic superstructure are with a=5a₀, b=b₀, c=5c₀. The Ca_2.4Pr_1.6Cu₅O₁₀ structure can also be determined by using a monoclinic supercell with space group C_2h⁵−P2₁/c, Z=4, a=5a₀, b=b₀, and β=104.79(1)° or 136.60(1)°, V=5a₀b₀c₀.     

The deformation of103Nb

Tie half-lives of 8 low lying levels of¹⁰³Nb have been determined at the fission-product separator JOSEF. A B-- triple-coincidence method was used which consists in a measurement of the time delay between the feeding of the levels through the B^– decay of¹⁰³Zr and their decay, in coincidence with a tagging ray, with plastic, BaF₂ and Ge detectors, respectively. Most of the investigated levels are members of the three known rotational bands based on the ground state and the 164 and 248 keV levels. The deformation B_q=0.31(3) of¹⁰³Nb could be deduced from the half-life data. The half-lives are well reproduced through calculations in the frame of the Nilsson model.The authors thank Dr. T. Seo for valuable advise in connection with the Nilsson-model calculations.     

Formation of hydroxyl radical from the photolysis of frozen hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) in ice and snow is an important chemical tracer for the oxidative capacities of past atmospheres. However, photolysis in ice and snow will destroy HOOH and form the hydroxyl radical (*OH), which can react with snowpack trace species. Reactions of *OH in snow and ice will affect the composition of both the overlying atmosphere (e.g., by the release of volatile species such as formaldehyde to the boundary layer) and the snow and ice (e.g., by the *OH-mediated destruction of trace organics). To help understand these impacts, we have measured the quantum yield of *OH from the photolysis of HOOH on ice. Our measured quantum yields (Phi(HOOH --> *OH)) are independent of ionic strength, pH, and wavelength, but are dependent upon temperature. This temperature dependence for both solution and ice data is best described by the relationship ln(Phi(HOOH --> *OH)) = -(684 +/- 17)(1/T) + (2.27 +/- 0.064) (where errors represent 1 standard error). The corresponding activation energy (Ea) for HOOH (5.7 kJ mol(-1)) is much smaller than that for nitrate photolysis, indicating that the photochemistry of HOOH is less affected by changes in temperature. Using our measured quantum yields, we calculate that the photolytic lifetimes of HOOH in surface snow grains under midday, summer solstice sunlight are approximately 140 h at representative sites on the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. In addition, our calculations reveal that the majority of *OH radicals formed on polar snow grains are from HOOH photolysis, while nitrate photolysis is only a minor contributor. Similarly, HOOH appears to be much more important than nitrate as a photochemical source of *OH on cirrus ice clouds, where reactions of the photochemically formed hydroxyl radical could lead to the release of oxygenated volatile organic compounds to the upper troposphere.     

基于TMS320C5409的语音处理系统

介绍了一个基于DSP(TMS320C5409)的语音采集、编码、回放系统实例,对于DSP与CODEC芯片如何连接和配合工作提出了较为详细的解决方案,并从硬件、软件两个方面做出了说明.     

Pattern formation in Rayleigh-Bénard convection: Numerical simulation with a coupled-map-lattice model

The various patterns formed in Rayleigh-Bénard convection under different conditions are numerically simulated with a coupled-map-lattice model. In the case of a lower aspect ratio (L/d=5), the simulations vividly depicted the main features of the transition process from a laminar state to a soft turbulence and then to a hard turbulence. In this case, the cellular structure in a horizontal section is also reproduced. In the case of a larger aspect ratio (L/d=30), the simulations successfully reproduced the spiral-defect chaos and target chaos in the initial stage of the pattern evolution which were recently found in experiments. In this case, for a fluid ofPr=1, it is verified in simulations that both the ideal straight rolls and spiral-defect chaos are stable attractors in the same parameter regime, and that the initial condition is a decisive factor for which one of the two is formed. In the same case, for a fluid ofPr=4, the target patterns are dominant instead of the spirals, the sizes and distributions of the target are also notably dependent on the initial condition.     

非线性拟合的初值问题

综述了非线性拟合初值的求解方法，并在前人研究的基础上提出了常见非线性模型初值的简便求法.该方法既可在计算机上编程实现，亦可利用计
算机数学分析工具Matlab，Maple，Mathematica，Matcad，微软EXCEL及微软ORIGIN等直接求解.     

广义系统的平稳振荡问题

运用Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ函数方法研究一类广义系统的平稳振荡问题，并给出了实现的例子。     

大学英语教学中设置词汇课的设想

长期以来大学英语教学中,词汇教学始终没有受到足够的重视。本文从大学英语教学的终期目标的实际出发,不仅阐述了在大学英语教学中设置词汇课的必要性,而且提出了具体设想以及这一设想的实现对大学英语教学将会产生的积极作用。     

浅谈药品的包装装潢设计

药品作为特殊的商品,其包装装潢设计应体现其独特的文化特征。应对药品包装装潢设计中设计要求的科学性、审美性和适用性等特征做简要的归纳和探讨,对设计要素中的文字、图形图案、色彩设计程序等方面进行分析,并对药品装潢设计的设计程序进行科学的安排。     

辣椒茎尖离体培养及植株再生

以4个辣椒品种茎尖为外植体，在MS 4mg／L BA 1mg／L IAA 4mg／L AgNO3培养基上诱导不定芽分化，在MS 2mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA，MS 0．5mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA诱导不定芽茎伸长．结果，平均不定芽诱导率达85％，平均不定芽茎伸长率可达110％，再生植株频率达75％左右．初步实验结果表明：与子叶及下胚轴培养相比，茎尖培养具有成苗率高、基因型不敏感、再生周期短等优势，是解决辣椒组织培养不定芽茎伸长困难，提高再生植株诱导频率的有效途径．