Theoretical investigation of novel silsesquioxane-supported Phillips-type catalyst by density functional theory (DFT) method

In spite of great commercial importance of the Phillips CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst and long term research efforts, the precise physicochemical nature of active sites and polymerization mechanisms still remains unclear. The difficulties in a clear mechanistic understanding of this catalyst mainly come from the complexity of the surface chemistry of the amorphous silica gel support. In this work, novel silsesquioxane-supported Phillips Cr catalysts are utilized as realistic models of the industrial catalyst for theoretical investigation using the density functional theory (DFT) method in order to elucidate the effects of surface chemistry of silica gel in terms of supporting of chromium compounds and fluorination of the silica surface on the catalytic properties of the Phillips catalyst. Both qualitative and quantitative aspects with respect to various electronic properties and thermodynamic characteristics of the model catalysts were achieved. The future prospects of a state-of-the-art catalyst design and mechanistic approaches for the heterogeneous SiO₂-supported Phillips catalyst has been demonstrated. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Rheological Behavior for Mica-filled Polypropylene Composite Melts

The study on rheological properties of a series of mica-filled polypropylene (PP) composites was carried out. The influence of surface-treatment of mica particles on dynamic rheological behavior of the composites were dealt with. The viscosity (η) and dynamic modulus ( G‘ ) of the composite melts were higher than those of PP matrix, especially those for systems treated with silane, which was attributed to the interfacial adhesion enhancement. However, surface-treatment of mica by titanate resulted in lower η and G‘, as compared with the treatment by silane. The reason for this is believed to be the formation of the mono-molecular layer on the mica surface.     

A dual-electrode approach for highly selective detection of glucose based on diffusion layer theory: experiments and simulation

A dual-electrode configuration for the highly selective detection of glucose in the diffusion layer of the substrate electrode is presented. In this approach, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE, substrate) modified with a conductive layer of glucose oxidase/Nafion/graphite (GNG) was used to create an interference-free region in its diffusion layer by electrochemical depletion of interfering electroactive species. A Pt microelectrode (tip, 5 microm in radius) was located in the diffusion layer of the GNG-modified GCE (GNG-G) with the help of scanning electrochemical microscopy. Consequently, the tip of the electrode could sense glucose selectively by detecting the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed from the oxidization of glucose on the glucose oxidase layer. The influences of parameters, including tip-substrate distance, substrate potential, and electrolyzing time, on the interference-removing efficiency of this dual-electrode approach have been investigated systematically. When the electrolyzing time was 30 s, the tip-substrate distance was 1.8 a (9.0 microm) (where a is the radius of the tip electrode), the potentials of the tip and substrate electrodes were 0.7 V and 0.4 V, respectively, and a mixture of ascorbic acid (0.3 mM), uric acid (0.3 mM), and 4-acetaminophen (0.3 mM) had no influence on the glucose detection. In addition, the current-time responses of the tip electrode at different tip-substrate distances in a solution containing interfering species were numerically simulated. The results from the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data. This research provides a concept of detection in the diffusion layer of a substrate electrode, as an interference-free region, for developing novel microelectrochemical devices.     

Complexation of plutonium(IV) with sulfate at variable temperatures

The complexation of plutonium(IV) with sulfate at variable temperatures has been investigated by solvent extraction method. A NaBrO₃ solution was used as holding oxidant to maintain the plutonium(IV) oxidation state throughout the experiments. The distribution ratio of Pu(IV) between the organic and aqueous phases was found to decrease as the concentrations of sulfate were increased. Stability constants of the 1:1 and 1:2 Pu(IV)-HSO₄ ⁻ complexes, dominant in the aqueous phase, were calculated from the effect of [HSO₄ ⁻] on the distribution ratio. The enthalpy and entropy of complexation were calculated from the stability constants at different temperatures using the Van’t Hoff equation.     

从当代西方环境伦理学看韩愈的天人感应论

韩愈的天人感应论属于我国古代天人感应论的第四种类型，他从“天入相乖”、“祸善福淫”的角度提出了天与入感应的独特方式。从当代环境伦理学视角看，韩愈的天人感应论表达了对大自然的道德关怀，与当代环境伦理学一样，具有强烈的反传统人类中心主义倾向以及相似的基本原则和道德目标。在环境问题日益严重的今天，探讨韩愈的天人感应论，对我们坚持科学发展观，处理好发展经济与保护环境的关系，搞好社会主义和谐社会建设，具有一定借鉴意义。     

GDO I酶阻断对芳烃降解途径的影响

产碱假单胞菌NCIB9867株（P25X）能够通过龙胆酸途径降解芳香烃．研究显示P25X在龙胆酸途径可能产生一组同工酶-其中一种酶是保守型，另一种则为严格诱导型表达．龙胆酸降解途径主要的酶是龙胆酸加双氧酶（GDO），它促进芳香环的裂解，产生顺丁烯丙酮酸，并通过一系列的反应最终进入TCA循环．目前，仅有保守型的龙胆酸加双氧酶及其下游片段被克隆．P25X的衍生株SNZ28，它的龙胆酸加双氧酶的基因（GDOI）被链霉素／奇霉素抗性基因所打断．本研究运用二维蛋白电泳法分析降解菌株SNZ28的蛋白提取物，并用考马斯亮兰染色鉴别．经软件比对分析，由龙胆酸诱导与无龙胆酸诱导菌株的蛋白表达提取物存在明显的蛋白质表达差异，其中有15个蛋白质点被识别．这一结果为诱导型龙胆酸酶的进一步研究打下了基础．     

浅谈高职学生体育课兴趣的培养

兴趣是积极认识某种事物或从事某种活动的心理倾向，培养高职学生对体育课的兴趣是高等职业院校实施学生全面发展的关键．重视体育教学地位和作用、制定科学的教学计划、转变教学观念、改革教学方法、提高体育课对学生的吸引力是培养学生对体育课兴趣的有效途径．     

快速响应温敏凝胶及其在生物分离中的应用研究

采用减小尺寸与加入C aCO3粒子作致孔剂两种方法,研究了如何提高共聚温敏凝胶P(N IPA-co-GM A-D ex)的响应速度.考察了不同尺寸和多孔凝胶的退溶胀动力学、再溶胀动力学,实验结果表明:减小凝胶尺寸和加入致孔剂对提高凝胶的温度响应速度是有效的.研究了P(N IPA-co-GM A-D ex)凝胶对牛血清蛋白(BSA)的浓缩分离效果,发现P(N IPA-co-GM A-D ex)凝胶对蛋白质溶液有较好的浓缩分离能力.在实验的基础上,设计了一套用于蛋白质提纯的机械模型,测试了其对蛋白质溶液的分离能力,证实了机械模型的可行性.     

两种测量理论(CTT和IRT)的分析与比较

针对两种测量理论(CTT和IRT)进行了分析和比较，提出在试题参数确定上的做法可以根据具体情况，以IRT在试题参数测试的不变性为基础，充分利用CTT的优点，抓住IRT与CTT的统计结果之间存在的相关性．取两者之所长，将两者有机地融合，实现客观评价教育质量的目的。