铈基催化剂在挥发性有机物催化燃烧治理中的研究进展

铈基催化剂由于其特殊的氧化还原性能在催化反应中得到了广泛应用,在非均相催化反应中其表面性质尤为重要.二氧化铈晶格中的氧缺陷对表面催化反应起着非常重要的作用,而二氧化铈可以有效调节催化剂表面酸碱性,修饰催化活性中心的结构,提高催化剂的储放氧能力,增强其结构稳定性和提高活性组分的分散度等.我们分别从二氧化铈催化剂的制备方法...     

阿尔兹海默症生物标志物和早期诊断新技术

阿尔兹海默症是当今世界面临的最严重的神经退行性疾病之一.阿尔兹海默症患者的大脑表现出两种主要的神经病理改变:老年斑和神经纤维缠结,其典型临床症状包括记忆丧失、情绪改变、认知能力下降、说话、写作、行走困难等.阿尔兹海默症的早期诊断对通过早期干预策略延缓疾病或改变疾病进程甚至预防疾病都至关重要.该文综述了与阿尔兹海默症相关...     

两个含5-溴水杨酸钠(Ⅰ)/镉(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构、Hirshfeld表面分析与抑菌活性

由 5-溴水杨酸(H₂BB A)合成了钠(Ⅰ)/镉(Ⅱ)配合物[Na(HBBA)]_n (1)和[Cd(HBBA)₂(4,4′-Bipy)]_n (2)(H₂BB A=5-溴水杨酸,4,4′-Bipy=4,4′-联吡啶)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、热重、粉末X射线衍射和单晶X射线衍射表征了其结构。配合物1的不对称单元中有1个钠离子和1个HBBA^-。钠离子是六配位的三棱柱构型,HBBA^-配体的3个氧原子分别与2个钠离子配位,连接相邻的钠离子形成了3条一维链结构,HBBA^-配体连接相邻的3条一维链形成了二维网络结构。分子间氢键连接相邻的二维网络结构形成了三维氢键网络结构。配合物2中有1个镉离子、2个HBBA^-和1个4,4′-Bipy。镉离子是六配位的扭曲八面体构型,4,4′-Bipy配体连接相邻的2个镉离子形成了一维链结构。分子间氢键连接相邻的一维链结构形成了三维氢键网络结构。通过Hirshfeld表面和指纹图分析了配合物晶体中的弱分子间作用力。详细研究了配合物1和2的热稳定性和抑菌活性。     

图书馆参考面谈中的沟通技巧

介绍参考面谈最主要的目的是为了让参考馆员理清读者真正的信息需求,以提供正确、有意义的信息。参考馆员必须善用沟通的技巧,才能满足读者的需要。讨论了面谈中的语言和非语言沟通技巧,探讨了提高参考面谈中沟通技巧的方法。     

PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles embedded in MOF-derived porous carbons for efficiently electrochemical sensing of uranium

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles embedded in MOF-derived porous carbons (PtRu-PCs) were synthesized by first loading PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles into a...     

Ultrasensitive small molecule fluorogenic probe for human heparanase

Heparanase (HPA) is a critical enzyme involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and its elevated expression has been linked with diseases such as various types of cancer and inflammation. The detection of heparanase enzymatic activity holds tremendous value in the study of the cellular microenvironment, and search of molecular therapeutics targeting heparanase, however, no structurally defined probes are available for the detection of heparanase activity. Here we present the development of the first ultrasensitive fluorogenic small-molecule probe for heparanase enzymatic activity via tuning the electronic effect of the substrate. The probe exhibits a 756-fold fluorescence turn-on response in the presence of human heparanase, allowing one-step detection of heparanase activity in real-time with a picomolar detection limit. The high sensitivity and robustness of the probe are exemplified in a high-throughput screening assay for heparanase inhibitors.

Heparanase, a critical enzyme involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, activates a disaccharide probe HADP to give a strong fluorescence signal.     

Ultrasensitive single-cell proteomics workflow identifies >1000 protein groups per mammalian cell

We report on the combination of nanodroplet sample preparation, ultra-low-flow nanoLC, high-field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS), and the latest-generation Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer for greatly improved single-cell proteome profiling. FAIMS effectively filtered out singly charged ions for more effective MS analysis of multiply charged peptides, resulting in an average of 1056 protein groups identified from single HeLa cells without MS1-level feature matching. This is 2.3 times more identifications than without FAIMS and a far greater level of proteome coverage for single mammalian cells than has been previously reported for a label-free study. Differential analysis of single microdissected motor neurons and interneurons from human spinal tissue indicated a similar level of proteome coverage, and the two subpopulations of cells were readily differentiated based on single-cell label-free quantification.

The combination of nanodroplet sample preparation, ultra-low-flow nanoLC, high-field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and latest-generation mass spectrometry instrumentation provides dramatically improved single-cell proteome profiling.     

Monitoring the heterogeneity in single cell responses to drugs using electrochemical impedance and electrochemical noise

Impedance spectroscopy is a widely used technique for monitoring cell–surface interactions and morphological changes, typically based on averaged signals from thousands of cells. However, acquiring impedance data at the single cell level, can potentially reveal cell-to-cell heterogeneity for example in response to chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin. Here, we present a generic platform where light is used to define and localize the electroactive area, thus enabling the impedance measurements for selected single cells. We firstly tested the platform to assess phenotypic changes in breast cancer cells, at the single cell level, using the change in the cell impedance. We next show that changes in electrochemical noise reflects instantaneous responses of the cells to drugs, prior to any phenotypical changes. We used doxorubicin and monensin as model drugs and found that both drug influx and efflux events affect the impedance noise signals. Finally, we show how the electrochemical noise signal can be combined with fluorescence microscopy, to show that the noise provides information on cell susceptibility and resistance to drugs at the single cell level. Together the combination of electrochemical impedance and electrochemical noise with fluorescence microscopy provides a unique approach to understanding the heterogeneity in the response of single cells to stimuli where there is not phenotypic change.

A light addressable single-cell impedance technique for cell adhesion monitoring and measurement of a cell''s drug response based on electrochemical noise is introduced.     

Oxygen-vacancy-enhanced Catalytic Activity of Au@Co3O4/CeO2 Yolk-shell Nanocomposite to Electrochemically Detect Hydrogen Peroxide

Biomimetic electrochemical sensors are very promising not only due to their lower expense and longer stability than conventional enzymatic ones, but they also often suffer from simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and good selectivity. Here we present a well-defined Au@Co₃O₄/CeO₂ yolk-shell nanostructure (YSN) that is first synthesized and exploited as highly efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) detection. The introduced CeO₂ in Co₃O₄ matrix greatly facilitates the migration of lattice oxygen, which increases the concentration of surface oxygen vacancies (O_a), remarkably enhancing the adsorption ability of H₂O₂ and promoting the decomposition of H₂O₂ for faster electron transfer than pristine Au@Co₃O₄ core-shell nanostructure (CSN). The abundant O_a of Au@Co₃O₄/CeO₂ YSN is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The as-prepared biomimetic sensor delivers a wide dynamic range (5.0 nM to 5.4 μM), a low limit of detection (LOD) (2.74 nM), and a high sensitivity (35.67 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻²), paving a new way to construct an ultrasensitive and selective enzyme-free biomimetic electrochemical sensor. Furthermore, the sensor is used to real-time monitor H₂O₂ released from human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), demonstrating its great potential in practical applications.