A molecular fluorophore in citric acid/ethylenediamine carbon dots identified and quantified by multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance

The composition of fluorescent polymer nanoparticles, commonly referred to as carbon dots, synthesized by microwave-assisted reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine was investigated by ¹³C, ¹³C{¹H}, ¹H─¹³C, ¹³C{¹⁴N}, and ¹⁵N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. ¹³C NMR with spectral editing provided no evidence for significant condensed aromatic or diamondoid carbon phases. ¹⁵N NMR showed that the nanoparticle matrix has been polymerized by amide and some imide formation. Five small, resolved ¹³C NMR peaks, including an unusual ═CH signal at 84 ppm (¹H chemical shift of 5.8 ppm) and ═CN₂ at 155 ppm, and two distinctive ¹⁵N NMR resonances near 80 and 160 ppm proved the presence of 5-oxo-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (IPCA) or its derivatives. This molecular fluorophore with conjugated double bonds, formed by a double cyclization reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine as first shown by Y. Song, B. Yang, and coworkers in 2015, accounts for the fluorescence of the carbon dots. Cross-peaks in a ¹H─¹³C HETCOR spectrum with brief ¹H spin diffusion proved that IPCA is finely dispersed in the polyamide matrix. From quantitative ¹³C and ¹⁵N NMR spectra, a high concentration (18 ± 2 wt%) of IPCA in the carbon dots was determined. A pronounced gradient in ¹³C chemical-shift perturbations and peak widths, with the broadest lines near the COO group of IPCA, indicated at least partial transformation of the carboxylic acid of IPCA by amide or ester formation.     

小说《棋王》中“吃”的精神分析

以精神分析理论中“本我”、“自我”及“超我”等三种人格构造分析了《棋王》中主人公王一生在面对“吃”与“棋”的生活问题背后的精神状况。通过探讨王一生对于“吃”与“棋”的态度背后的深层心理状况，挖掘了王一生的“吃”与“棋”二者背后的隐秘联系。二者的相互影响塑造了王一生的道家文化人格，揭示了这种人格对于我们当下生活的启示。     

基于串空间模型的认证测试方法

串空间模型认证测试方法是定理证明安全协议分析法中最具有代表性的一类.利用串空间模型理论对Needham-Schroeder(N-S)公钥协议中中间人攻击问题进行形式化分析与设计,并对其进行证明.与原有技术相比,该方法更为形式化,协议分析人员可以很方便地进行手动分析,并且更有利于协议分析自动化工具的实现.     

Current air quality analytics and monitoring: A review

This review summarizes the different tools and concepts that are commonly applied in air quality monitoring. The monitoring of atmosphere is extremely important as the air quality is an important problem for large communities. Main requirements for analytical devices used for monitoring include a long period of autonomic operation and portability. These instruments, however, are often characterized by poor analytical performance. Monitoring networks are the most common tools used for monitoring, so large-scale monitoring programmes are summarized here. Biomonitoring, as a cheap and convenient alternative to traditional sample collection, is becoming more and more popular, although its main drawback is the lack of standard procedures. Telemonitoring is another approach to air monitoring, which offers some interesting opportunities, such as ease of coverage of large or remote areas, constituting a complementary approach to traditional strategies; however, it requires huge costs.     

Simultaneous determination of major components of Huangqi–Honghua extract in rat plasma using LC–MS/MS and application to a pharmacokinetic study

A sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of the major components of Huangqi–Honghua extact in rat plasma, including hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), astragaloside IV (ASIV), calycosin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside (CAG), calycosin, calycosin‐3′‐O‐glucuronide (C‐3′‐G) and calycosin‐3′‐O‐sulfate (C‐3′‐S). After extraction by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and methanol from plasma, the analytes were separated on a Hypersil BDS C₁₈ column by gradient elution with acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium acetate. The detection was carried out on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source switched between negative and positive modes. HSYA was monitored in negative ionization mode from 0 to 4.9 min, and ASIV, CAG, calycosin, C‐3′‐G and C‐3′‐S were determined in positive ionization mode from 4.9 to 10 min. The lower limits of quantification of the analytes were 6.25 ng/mL for HSYA, 0.781 ng/mL for CAG and 1.56 ng/mL for ASIV and calycosin. The intra‐ and inter‐assay precision (RSD) values were within 13.43%, and accuracy (RE) ranged from ?8.75 to 9.92%. The validated method was then applied to the pharmacokinetic study of HSYA, ASIV, CAG, calycosin, C‐3′‐G and C‐3′‐S in rat after an oral administration of Huangqi–Honghua extract.     

大学生羞怯与手机成瘾倾向:孤独感的中介作用

为探讨大学生羞怯与手机成瘾倾向的关系,考察孤独感在大学生羞怯与手机成瘾倾向之间的中介作用。采用羞怯量表、UCLA孤独量表得分第三版和大学生手机成瘾倾向量表对在贵州省8所高校抽取的1 147名大学生进行调查。结果显示:大学生羞怯量表得分、孤独感量表与手机成瘾倾向量表得分显著正相关(r=0.27,r=0.29,均P<0.001),羞怯量表得分和孤独感量表得分显著正相关(r=0.49,均P<0.001);羞怯和孤独感均可显著正向预测大学生手机成瘾倾向(均P<0.001),孤独感在大学生羞怯与手机成瘾倾向之间的部分中介作用成立。     

塔东热液地质作用机制及对储层的改造意义

塔东地区断裂发育，早期发育的断裂与晚期断裂之间存在相互改造、叠加、复合的过程，深大断裂沟通多套地层，断裂活动期形成的挤压破碎带和断裂裂缝带作为岩浆热液上升通道，为热液溶蚀作用改造储层提供了有利条件，因此，识别出热液期次对塔东白云岩储层成因机制具有重要意义。通过对钻井岩芯、岩屑及岩石薄片、铸体薄片观察鉴定分析，在区内下古生界碳酸盐岩中识别和发现了钠长石化作用和自生羽毛状伊利石沉淀，也是塔里木盆地内的首次发现，并通过对包裹体均一温度，碳氧同位素等地化特征研究，揭示其成岩流体源于岩浆热液，丰富了区内热液作用的矿物学标志，进一步识别出区内存在3期热液作用，通过对3期热液作用的机制及其储渗空间意义的研究，总结出第I期热液作用对于储层形成意义不大，第Ⅱ期热液作用主要发育在局限的沉积环境，第Ⅲ期热液溶蚀形成溶蚀缝孔洞，与天然气运移聚集匹配良好，构成了区内天然气聚集成藏的主要储渗空间。