Analysis on Shack–Hartmann wave-front sensor with Fourier optics

In Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS), the behavior of the irradiance pattern produced by the micro-lens array is important for an accurate centroid estimation. In this paper, the behavior of a micro-lens array in SHWS is analyzed using Fourier optics, and reveals that in addition to the main, expected spots, secondary spots with smaller intensities also appeared as a result of diffraction by the small dimensions of the micro-lens and interference from the different micro-lenses. This result is confirmed by comparing with a irradiance pattern taken from an actual SHWS. The additional error in centroid estimation caused by these secondary spots is discussed and relationship to the parameters of the micro-lens of SHWS is analyzed.     

反思对话式教学

教学本质上是沟通和合作的活动。对话式教学就是教育教学活动本身。它具有开放性和启发性、互动性和共享性的特征;要求对话主体理解和反思。当今对话式教学暴露出不少问题:教师操纵对话过程;对话停留在表面,难以深入下去;教师对待教学文本的态度不良;教学对话的物理环境条件差。解决这些问题,应采取一定的策略措施。     

70K温区混合工质分凝分离循环节流制冷机实验研究

混合工质节流制冷机正在许多方面获得越来越广泛的应用。文中设计了一种新型的混合工质分凝分离循环 ,建立了实验系统 ,并在 70 K温区进行了实验。实验结果表明 ,节流制冷机可以达到 6 5 .3K的低温 ,并在 72 K温度提供 1W的制冷量 ,输入功率为 5 0 0 W。     

Electrochemical determination of serotonin and the competitive adsorption with dopamine at 5,5-ditetradecyl-2-(2-trimethylammonioethyl)-1,3-dioxane bromide lipid film modified by glassy carbon electrode.

A novel and effective approach to sensitively determine serotonin, known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), has been proposed based on a 5,5-ditetradecyl-2-(2-trimethylammonioethyl)-1,3-dioxane bromide (DTDB) self-assembled lipid bilayer membrane modified glassy carbon electrode (DTDB/GCE). A DTDB/GCE shows the strong electrocatalysis for the oxidation of 5-HT, with the peak potential shifted to less positive value of 0.376 V vs. SCE, and effectively eliminates the interference from ascorbic acid (AA), even in the presence of 100-fold concentration of AA. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) gave a linear current for 5-HT from 2.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-5) M. At the DTDB/GCE, the oxidation of 5-HT was controlled by the adsorption process; for 5-HT coexisting with DA, the competitive adsorption was observed.     

光参量啁啾脉冲饱和放大的增益稳定性

 光参量啁啾脉冲放大（OPCPA）在饱和放大区存在一个增益稳定点，据此设计了一个输出稳定的三级OPCPA系统；第一、二、三级分别选用准相位匹配的周期极化钛氧磷酸钾（PPKTP）晶体、LBO晶体和KDP晶体作为增益介质。饱和放大时，增益随泵浦光强度变化时的增益输出稳定性明显改善，在泵浦光强度抖动低于6%的情况下，各级光参量放大器OPA输出的增益抖动小于1%。前级采用准相位匹配的PPKTP晶体作为增益介质，在远低于破坏阈值的30MW/cm²的泵浦功率密度下，可得到2×10⁵的饱和放大增益和20%的能量转换效率。     

Cr3+：MgAl2O4晶体EPR参量及其电子精细光谱的研究

考虑了SS(Spin-Spin)作用和SOO(Spin-Other-Orbit)作用，采用完全对角化方法，结合自旋Hamiltonian理论，研究了Cr³⁺∶MgAl₂O₄晶体EPR参量及其吸收光谱，理论与实验符合甚好. 在此基础上，进一步研究了⁴A₂(3d³)离子EPR参量的微观起源. 研究表明，EPR参量起源于四种微观机制：(1) SO(Spin-Orbit) 耦合机制；(2) SS耦合机制；(3)SOO耦合机制；(4) SO～SS～SOO总联合作用机制. 在这些机制中，SO机制是最主要的.     

The Crystal Structure of N-Benzoyl-N''-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiourea

Thiourea compounds are excellent agents of bioactive substance. A number of biological activities are associated with substituted thiourea derivatives. A survey of literature reveals that some work has been reported on benzoylthiourea, which has found plenty of applications as a facile and simple ligand in determination of trances of the transition metal and as an available starting material in preparation of a wide variety of metal complexes. In recent years,N-benzoyl-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiourea has attracted considerable attention as selective reagents for the liquid-liquid extraction and preconcentration of platinum group metals and its antifungle activity.As a part of our works in studying coordination behaviours of N-benzoyl-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiourea and its bioactivity, in view of these observations and in continuation of our previous works on it, the present work was reported on the crystal structure of N-benzoyl-N'-( 2-hydroxyethyl)-thiourea.The crystals structure in the monoclinic system and space group of P21/c of N-benzoyl-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)- thiourea (C10H12N2O2S) was determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, a = 17.083 (3) A, b = 4.5490 (10) A, c = 14.279 (3)A, a = 90.00°, a = 102.44(3)°, a = 90.00 °, Ⅴ = 1083.6 (4)A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.375 Mg/m3, i (Mo Ka)= 0.280 mm-1, F(000) =472. The final R and u R are 0.0399 and 0.0881 for 783 observed reflections [Ⅰ＞26(Ⅰ)].Fig. 1 shows the molecular crystal structure of N-benzoyl-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiourea indicating that the carbonyl and thiocarbonyl moieties are pointing in approximate opposite directions. The six atoms in the ring structure hydrogen bonded are almost in one plane. The N(2)-H proton pendant arm extends to the carbonyl oxygen atom, forms hydrogen bond between them.The existence of hydrogen bond in benzoyl-thiourea molecular six-membered ring structure has significant implications on coordination properties, suggest the possibility of intramolecular hydrogen bond controlled coordination behaviors of these potentially bidentate ligands. In the coordination compound reported by Bourne et al.,cis-bis(N-benzoyl-N'-propylthiourea)dichloroplatinum(Ⅱ), the two ligand molecules bind to Pt(Ⅱ)via the sulfur atoms only, the carbonyl oxygen atom being locked into hydrogen bond similar to that in the free ligands.     

Synthesis under Micromave Irradition and Crystal Structure of 4''-Acetylbenzo-15 -crown-5thiosemicarbazone

The title compound is a bifunctional receptors including a thiourea group and a crown ether ring. Due to many possible potentials as a new class of reagents for membrane transports,ion-selective electrodes as well as reaction catalysts, the design and synthesis of bifunctional receptors for simultaneous binding of cations and anions is of ongoning interest in srprarnolecular chemistry1-5. In bifunctional receptors, the binding sites for anions and cations are covalently linked so as to exhibit allosteric or cooperative complexation where the binding affinity for anions(cations)is modified as a result of the cation(anion) complexation.Literature[6] reported that the ability of the thiourea group to bind anions is significantly enhanced when Na+ is bound to the crown moiety. To date, however only a few receptors of this class have been reported.6-8In this paper, we report an improved procedure under microwave irradiation that gives higher yields of title compound and needs fewer reaction times than traditional method.The structure of this compound was determined by IR ,element analysis and X-ray analysis.Scheme 1 The reaction equationThe crystal belongs to triclinic crystal system, P-1 space group, a=0.9547(0)nm, b=1.3637(3)nm,c=1.6029(3)nm, α =75.33(3) , β =83.62(3) , γ =70.99(3) ,Z=4,Dc=1.335g/cm3,F(000)=816,R1= 0.0557 ,wR2=0.1281. It is assembled into a three-dimensionalsupramolecule by intermolecular hydrogen bonds.     

Compression Behaviour of Ni77P23 Amorphous Alloy up to 30.5 GPa

The compression behaviour of Ni77P23 amorphous alloy is investigated at room temperature in a diamond-anvil cell instrument using in-situ high pressure energy dispersive x-ray diffraction with a synchrotron radiation source. The equation of state is determined by fitting the experimental data according to the Birch-Murnaghan equation. It is found that the structure of Ni77P23 amorphous alloy is stable under pressures up to 30.5 GPa. Within the pressure range from zero to the experimental one, the pressure-induced structural relaxation is reversible.     

模拟纳米晶体原子分布及X射线散射理论图案

通过分子动力学方法模拟纳米晶体（1—3nm）的结构．利用模拟的结果，进行了X射线衍射及径向分布函数的模拟计算．结果表明：纳米晶体晶界呈短程有序，界面原子间距分布很宽；随着晶粒尺寸的减小，晶粒的畸变越大，原子体积常数也明显增大 关键词：