磷化淀粉的合成及其与聚磷酸铵协效阻燃聚乳酸的性能研究

利用9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)和马来酸酐(MA)对淀粉进行改性得到磷化淀粉(DOPOMASt),通过红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振谱(1H-NMR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)确定其结构.利用DOPOMASt作为碳源,与聚磷酸铵(APP)复配后通过熔融共混制备了阻燃聚乳酸(PLA)...     

How do molecular interactions affect fluorescence behavior of AIEgens in solution and aggregate states?

Molecular interactions are crucial in diverse fields of protein folding,material science,nanotechnology,and life origins.Although mounting experimental research controls luminescent behavior by adjusting molecular interactions in light-emitting materials,it remains elusive to correlate microscopic molecular interactions with macroscopic luminescent behavior directly.Here,we synthesized three red luminogens with subtle structural variation and investigated the influence of molecular interactions on their luminescent behavior in solution and aggregate states.Our results indicate that strongπ-πand D-A interactions in both dilute solution(between luminogen and solvent molecules)and aggregate(between luminogens)states cause the redshift in emission,while weak interactions(e.g.,Van der Waals,C–H…π,and C–H…F interactions)enhance the quantum yield.This work provides a thoughtful investigation into the complicated influence of various molecular interactions on luminescent behavior.     

无机与有机混合物的含量分析——以探究鼻可乐成分为例

在化学实验课堂上,以生活中常见药品作为实验对象更能激发起学生对化学学习的兴趣。鼻可乐是一种常见的市售洗鼻剂,主要成分为氯化钠、柠檬酸与柠檬酸钠,是一种典型的无机物与有机物的混合体系。本文设计了对鼻可乐的组成进行定量分析的方法,并且通过实验验证其合理性,以期为鼻可乐成分分析实验进入高校分析化学实验课堂提供指导方法。学生通过该实验不仅能掌握恒重坩埚、沉淀滴定等实验基本操作方法,而且能更好地理解定量分析数据的方法。     

Fire retarded polyurethane foam composites based on steel slag/ammonium polyphosphate system: A novel strategy for utilization of metallurgical solid waste

A series of FR-RPUF composites were prepared by a one-step water foaming process with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and steel slag (SS) as flame retardants. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical combustion test, microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra and FTIR were used to investigate the thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion performance, gas phase products, and char residue morphology of FR-RPUF composites. TG test results showed that the initial decomposition temperature (T_-5wt%) and char residue rate at 700°C of RPUF/APP/SS composites were significantly enhanced by the addition of APP and SS, and the thermal stability of the composites was improved. Flame retardant test results confirmed the significantly increased LOI values of RPUF/APP/SS composites with V-0 rating. TG-FTIR also confirmed the obviously decreased release of toxic gases and flammable gases in the combustion of RPUF/APP/SS composites. SEM and Raman spectra of char residues for the composites suggested that APP/SS system improved the compactness and graphitization degree of char layer for RPUF/APP/SS composite. The above researches provide a new strategy for the utilization of SS in fire safety engineering.     

Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Carboxylic Acids from Alkynes and Formic Acid by Nickel-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions: Facile Synthesis of Profens

We report a stereoselective conversion of terminal alkynes to α-chiral carboxylic acids using a nickel-catalyzed domino hydrocarboxylation-transfer hydrogenation reaction. A simple nickel/BenzP* catalyst displayed high activity in both steps of regioselective hydrocarboxylation of alkynes and subsequent asymmetric transfer hydrogenation. The reaction was successfully applied in enantioselective preparation of three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory profens (>90 % ees) and the chiral fragment of AZD2716.     

-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定硅锰冶炼渣中8种金属元素

实验采用HCl-HNO₃-HF-HClO₄混合酸为消解体系对样品进行前处理,加入1.0 mL盐酸羟胺溶液(100 g/L)溶解残渣,选择合适的同位素,以¹⁰³Rh为内标测定Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Cd,以¹⁹³Ir为内标测定Tl和Pb,建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定硅锰冶炼渣中8种重金属元素的方法。实验发现,样品前处理选择HCl∶HNO₃∶HF∶HClO₄=5∶5∶5∶1,并在复溶阶段加入1.0 mL盐酸羟胺溶液(100 g/L)可以完全消解样品,实验采用KED模式和干扰系数校正法消除质谱干扰,样品中待测元素的测定结果不受基体成分的干扰。通过绘制校准曲线及测定流程空白,各元素校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.9999,方法检出限为0.006~0.19 mg/kg,方法定量限为0.018~0.57 mg/kg。对硅锰渣实际样品进行测定,各元素的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在0.83%~4.1%,加标回收率为94.7%~106%;经过人员比对实验,相对偏差为-4.54%~4.24%。测定结果稳定可靠,能满足硅锰冶炼渣中8种微量金属元素含量的分析检测要求。     

Synthesis of Rod-Like Co3O4 Catalyst Derived from Co-MOFs with Rich Active Sites for Catalytic Combustion of Toluene

Catalysis Surveys from Asia - Co3O4 catalyst derived from Co-MOFs demonstrated rich active sites in the catalytic reaction. In this paper, we prepared the rod-like Co3O4 catalysts by calcining...     

Effect of Co-catalyst CdS on the Photocatalytic Performance of ZnMoO4 for Hydrogen Production

Zinc molybdate (ZnMoO₄), a layer perovskite material, has the advantages of high stability, excellent optical and charge properties. However, its high band gap and high electron–hole recombination efficiency limit its application in the photocatalytic reduction field like hydrogen production. In this study, we used CdS as a co-catalyst and successfully prepared CdS/ZnMoO₄ composite photocatalysts with different loadings. The hydrogen evolution rate of CdS/ZnMoO₄ reached 530.2 µmol h^?1 g^?1, which was approximately 11 and 100 times more than rates of pure CdS and ZnMoO₄ under the same conditions, respectively. It is the presence of CdS that contributed to this improved performance, which acted as an electron acceptor to separate electrons and holes. Besides, a reasonable mechanism was provided based on photoelectrochemical characterizations. CdS loading greatly improved the hydrogen evolution performance of ZnMoO₄ under visible light, providing a direction to improving the performance of perovskite based photocatalysts.

     

One-step hydrolysis for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils with highly stable dispersibility from pomelo peel

Cellulose - One-step acid hydrolysis was successfully employed to prepare carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils (CCNFs) from pomelo peel waste with the mixture of hydrochloric acid and citric acid...