Rheological behavior of PAA–C n TAB complex: influence of PAA charge density and surfactant tail length in PAA semidilute aqueous solution

Interactions between anionic polyelectrolyte, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and cationic surfactant, alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (C _n TAB), were investigated by rheological measurements in semidilute PAA solution. The dependences of the rheological behavior on the chain length of the surfactant, PAA neutralization degree, and temperature were discussed. The results revealed that both dodecyl and cetyltrimethylammonium bromides (C₁₂TAB and C₁₆TAB) could increase the viscosity of PAA solution when the surfactant amounts surpassed a critical surfactant concentration (C _c), and C _c of C₁₆TAB was lower than that of C₁₂TAB at same PAA neutralization degree. The increase of viscosity is attributed to the surfactant micelles bridging of the polymer chains and confine the mobility PAA chain. On the other hand, it is found that the hydrogen bonding also played an important role in the PAA–C _n TAB system, especially in lower neutralization degree PAA solution, which results in the viscosity increase rapidly with the added surfactant into lower neutralization degree PAA solution.     

基于小波包变换的电力系统谐波分析的研究

为了防止谐波对电力系统和用电设备的危害,分别用小波变换和小波包变换对电力系统谐波进行分析.仿真结果表明二者都能将基波从电流信号中正确地提取出来.而小波包变换比小波变换能够分解出更加丰富的谐波信号,利用小波包变换分解的各次谐波频率和幅度的误差率完全符合谐波分析的精度要求.     

Deterministic and exact entanglement teleportation viathe W state

Utilizing a three-particle W state, we come up with a protocol for the teleportation of an unknown two-particle entangled state. It is shown that the teleportation can be deterministically and exactly realized. Moreover, two-particle entanglement teleportation is generalized to a system consisting of many particles via a three-particle W state and a multi-particle W state, respectively. All unitary transformations performed by the receiver are given in a concise formula.     

我国湿地演化研究的进展

我国湿地演化研究起源于上世纪50年代,经过几代人的努力取得了长足的进展．笔者在搜集、学习、总结了大量前人研究成果的基础上,对60年来我国湿地演化研究的所涉及的内容、采用的方法及研究的区域按时间序列进行了分类总结．结果表明：60年来湿地演化研究的内容不断拓展,由湿地形成、湿地的发育、演化、退化、消亡逐渐发展到对人为影响及湿地恢复的研究．研究方法由定性描述向定量化发展,手段由简单的资料查阅、野外调查发展到对3s等先进方法技术的应用．研究湿地演化进展,对于湿地演化的研究内容的深入、研究方法的发展有一定的指导意义,对湿地自然功能的利用和保护,湿地生态系统的恢复与重建,维护生态系统的完整性,具有重要的实践意义．     

三县洲斜拉桥主梁锚固区应力分析

运用现代有限元方法分析了三县洲斜拉桥主梁锚固区的局部应力分布及索力传递规律．分析结果表明,索力引起主梁顶板内局部较大的横桥向拉应力,与锚块固结的横隔板和箱梁腹板则传递和承受了大部分的索力垂直分量．     

A rechargeable molecular solar thermal system below 0 °C

An optimal temperature is crucial for a broad range of applications, from chemical transformations, electronics, and human comfort, to energy production and our whole planet. Photochemical molecular thermal energy storage systems coupled with phase change behavior (MOST-PCMs) offer unique opportunities to capture energy and regulate temperature. Here, we demonstrate how a series of visible-light-responsive azopyrazoles couple MOST and PCMs to provide energy capture and release below 0 °C. The system is charged by blue light at −1 °C, and discharges energy in the form of heat under green light irradiation. High energy density (0.25 MJ kg⁻¹) is realized through co-harvesting visible-light energy and thermal energy from the environment through phase transitions. Coatings on glass with photo-controlled transparency are prepared as a demonstration of thermal regulation. The temperature difference between the coatings and the ice cold surroundings is up to 22.7 °C during the discharging process. This study illustrates molecular design principles that pave the way for MOST-PCMs that can store natural sunlight energy and ambient heat over a wide temperature range.

We demonstrate rationally designed arylazopyrazoles as MOST-PCM that can be circularly charged and discharged below 0 °C with visible light.     

脉冲相干激光雷达的散斑成像模型及其散斑噪声压缩

推导了脉冲相干激光雷达的散斑成像模型,证明了脉冲相干激光雷达图像中散斑噪声的乘法性质。根据其统计规律,提出一种新的用于散斑噪声压缩的并行加权均值多方向形态滤波算法。模拟结果表明此算法既有 地压缩了散斑噪声又保持了图像的几何结构,并且通过比较,证明其优于Safa的多方向形态滤波算法。     

基于事故记录的船撞桥故障树建立

根据历史记录，建立了船撞桥事故数据库，提出了创建船撞桥故障树的方法和原则，构造了船撞桥墩故障树结构图．其结果为寻找可能导致事故发生的原因及其逻辑关系提供帮助，并为风险分析提供参考．     

草菇子实体不同部位组织分离繁殖菌种研究

本文对草菇子实体的7个不同部位分别进行组织分离和繁殖菌种,通过现察、测定其细胞的形态、菌丝生长势、纤维素酶活性和利用不同世代的菌种,从多次栽培出菇和生物学效率比较试验,并经在生产实践上应用,研究表明以菌盖边缘部位作分离材料,能获得种质更优良的草菇种,提高草菇栽培的生物学效率.     

多段初级永磁直线同步电动机系统建模及制动仿真

建立了单段初级永磁直线同步电机变参数、非线性动态模型．在此基础上，以次级位置为参变量，建立多段初级式永磁直线同步电机系统动态模型，并用该模型对一具有4段初级的无绳提升系统能耗制动过程进行了仿真、分析．结果表明：所建模型能很好地反映系统的动态过程，能耗制动可将提升机的下放速度限制在0．25m／s内，具有较好的断电保护作用．将间接场路结合法用于分析多段初级式永磁直线同步电机是一种行之有效的新思路．