黄颡鱼属SSR分子鉴定及其遗传多样性

利用13对SSR引物对黄颡鱼属进行遗传多样性和分类研究。结果显示,13对SSR引物中有10对为有效引物,获得93条多态性条带,每对引物扩增条带的数目范围为8~11,扩增片段大小在90~400bp之间,SSR获得的多态性条带所构成各物种的特异性谱系能够用于黄颡鱼属的区分。聚类结果显示,5种黄颡鱼之间的遗传相似系数范围为0.670~1.000,瓦氏黄颡鱼、长须黄颡鱼和中间黄颡鱼亲缘关系较近,之后与光泽黄颡鱼聚为一支,普通黄颡鱼与其它物种差异最大。黄颡鱼属遗传多样性分析结果显示5种黄颡鱼遗传多样性处于水平较高,这将有助于后续深入对黄颡鱼属各物种亲缘关系和系统演化进行分析和理论研究。     

翘嘴红鲌群体遗传多样性分析

基于RAPD方法对江西(鄱阳湖)、湖北(梁子湖)和江苏(太湖)3个群体的翘嘴红鲌遗传多样性进行分析,以评价它们的群体遗传结构和良种选育的可行性。结果显示从30个随机引物中筛选出了20个多态性较高的引物,既可扩增出3个群体共同的DNA条带,也可扩增出单个群体特有的特征条带。从3个群体实验鱼中共检测到119个扩增片段,长度在0.2~1.7kb之间。鄱阳湖群体多态位点数61个,多态位点比为51.26%,梁子湖群体多态位点数50个,多态位点比为42.02%,太湖群体多态位点数67个,多态位点比为56.30%。3个群体的Shannon多样性指数分别为0.429 2,0.382 8和0.443 1。群体间遗传相似系数依次为:最高是鄱阳湖与梁子湖,为0.8055,其次是鄱阳湖与太湖,为0.801 6,最低是梁子湖与太湖,为0.785 2。结果提示,鄱阳湖与梁子湖亲源关系较近,与太湖稍远;所筛选出的引物应用RAPD技术可以方便地分析不同群体翘嘴红鲌的遗传多样性,并可为良种选育的亲本选择提供依据。     

CFETR 堆体活化计算与分析

运用FLUKA计算程序对中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)进行了一维模拟活化运算,得出了产氚包层、屏蔽层、真空室结构材料、环向场线圈等模块的中子活化特性。计算结果表明,在聚变堆以200MW聚变功率持续稳态运行一年后,刚停堆时堆体的总活度为1.05×10 ¹⁹ Bq,停堆十年后堆体总活度为1.03×10 ¹⁷ Bq,此时堆体的主要残留放射性核素为⁵⁵ Fe。研究结果表明,目前CFETR的设计不存在突出的放射性环境安全问题。     

圆柱形储罐考虑桩土相互作用地震响应的简化分析

以Penzien集中质量模型为基础建立了某圆柱形锚固储罐考虑桩-土-罐相互作用及罐壁柔性的简化分析模型,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了该桩-土-罐力学模型,分析了其自振特性及在水平基岩波激励下的动力响应.分析结果得知,相比于刚性地基,考虑桩土相互作用的储液罐对流频率几乎不变,第一阶柔性脉动频率略有减小;在动力响应方面,储液罐基底剪力和力矩最大值略有减小,但其对流分量和刚性脉动分量最大值均有增大,所以本文建议在储液罐进行设计时应充分考虑桩土相互作用后储罐动力响应的有利和不利变化,从整体上把握来确保储液罐的抗震安全性.     

Cryptanalysis and improvement of a three-party key agreement protocol using enhanced Chebyshev polynomials

Three-party key agreement protocol is an important cryptographic mechanism for secure communication, which allows two parties authenticate each other with the help of a trusted server. Very recently, Lai et al.’s proposed a novel three-party key agreement protocol using the enhanced Chebyshev chaotic map and claimed their protocol could withstand various attacks. Unfortunately, in this paper, we will show their protocol is vulnerable to the privileged insider attack and the off-line password guessing attack. To solve the problems, we propose an improved three-party key agreement protocol using the enhanced Chebyshev chaotic map. Security analysis and performance analysis show our protocol not only could withstand various attacks, but also has similar performance. Therefore, it is very suitable for practical applications.     

结合空间和光谱信息的高光谱影像端元光谱自动提取

端元光谱提取是高光谱影像混合像元分解的关键。现有的端元提取方法多是仅利用了影像的光谱信息,忽略了像元间的空间相关性。现有研究基础上,提出了一种结合影像空间和光谱信息的高光谱影像端元光谱自动提取方法(integration of spatial-spectral information based endmember extraction,ISEE)。该方法首先进行影像子空间划分以增强影像局部的光谱信息特征,然后通过特征空间投影分析获得影像候选端元,最后依次在影像空间信息约束下和端元光谱信息约束下进行优化,得到最终的影像端元光谱集。仿真高光谱影像和真实高光谱影像的实验结果表明,结合影像空间和光谱信息的ISEE方法是有效的,且比一些常用方法提取的端元光谱更为准确。     

A New Cooperation Mechanism of Kinesin Motors when Extracting Membrane Tube

Membrane tubes are important functional elements for living cells. Experiments have found that membrane tubes can be extracted from giant lipid vesicles by groups of kinesin. How these motors cooperate in extracting the membrane tube is a very important issue but still unclear so far. In this paper, we propose a cooperation mechanism called two-track-dumbbell model, in which kinesin is regarded as a dumbbell with an end (tail domain) tethered on the fluid-like membrane and the other end (head domain) stepping on the microtubule. Taking account of the elasticity of kinesin molecule and the excluded volume effect of both the head domain and the tail domain of kinesin, which are not considered in previous models, we simulate the growth process of the membrane tube pulled by kinesin motors. Our results indicate that in the case of strong or moderate exclusion of motor tails, the average number of motors pulling the tube can be as high as 9 and thus motors moving along a single microtubule protofilament can generate enough force to extract membrane tubes from vesicles. This result is different from previous studies and may be tested by future experiments.     

密度泛函理论研究BeSin(n=1-12)团簇的结构、稳定性与电子性质

运用密度泛函理论(DFT),考虑多种初始构型下的自旋多重态,在B3LYP/6-311G基组水平上研究BeSi_n(n=1-12)团簇的平衡几何结构、电子性质、振动光谱与极化率.结果表明:BeSi_n团簇在基态附近有许多能量非常接近的同分异构体,且BeSi_n团簇的基态结构绝大多数为立体结构.n=1时,体系的基态为自旋三重态,n≥2时,则为单重态.铍原子的掺入使得主团簇的电子性质发生了明显的变化,掺杂使得体系的化学稳定性降低.BeSi₃,BeSi₅,BeSi₇与BeSi₉是幻数结构.团簇中原子间的成键相互作用随n的增大而增强.     

Effects of High Salt Concentration and Residue on Copper and Aluminum Corrosion

Traditional researches on metal corrosion under salt solutions deposit conditions are usually carried out by visual, electron microscopic observations and simple electrochemical measurement via a traditional one-piece electrode. These techniques have difficulties in measuring localized corrosion that frequently occur in inhomogeneous media. This paper reports the results from the experiments using specially shaped coupons and a relatively new method of measuring heterogeneous electrochemical processes, namely, the wire beam electrode(WBE). Preliminary results from copper and aluminum corrosion in highly concentrated sodium chloride solutions with and without solid deposits show that the method is useful in simulating and studying corrosion especially localized corrosion in pipelines.     

布拉格型声子晶体弦的横向振动带隙研究

从弦的波动方程出发,采用传递矩阵法,分析了无限周期的布拉格型声子晶体弦的横向振动能带结构.研究表明布拉格型声子晶体弦具有横向振动带隙,弦内拉力对带隙特性有显著影响,可以方便地用于带隙调节.利用有限元软件和Matlab软件对有限周期的布拉格型声子晶体弦的横向振动传输特性分别进行了仿真和数值计算,结果表明带隙范围内表现出明显的振动衰减,不同拉力条件下的带隙变化也很好地验证了理论分析结果.