材料表征方法理论与实践课程的改革与建设*

通过与超星专业慕课制作团队合作搭建网络教学平台,将线上慕课教学与线下实验教学相结合,对材料表征方法理论与实践课程进行了全方位的改革。与传统实验教学相比,改革后的课程不仅能够激发学生的学习兴趣,实现时间空间的相对自由,还可以完善考核机制,提升教学质量,从而为高校化学研究生实验课程的改革提供一定的借鉴意义。     

提升化学学科核心素养的高中化学教学——以“金属的防护”为例

针对人教版选修1《化学反应原理》第4章第3节“金属的腐蚀与防护”课时2“金属的防护”进行教学实践探索,融合STEM教育理念促进知识与社会生活结合。选用任务情境“家用电热水器碳钢内胆防腐”,通过实验探究构建起电化学防护的认知模型,再将模型应用于实际生产生活问题的解决,进行热水器内胆的防腐设计。在真实情境问题的解决中,将知识、方法、应用等3者融合,培养学生的问题意识和创新思维,逐步内化并表现出化学学科核心素养。     

Unravelling the essential difference between TiOx and AlOx interface layers on Ta3N5 photoanode for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Tantalum nitride(Ta₃N₅) is a very promising photoanode material due to its narrow band gap(2.1 eV)and suitable band alignment for solar water splitting.However,it suffers from severe photocorrosion during water oxidation.In this work,it was found that surface passivation by AlO_x and TiO_x layers results in dramatically different PEC performance of Ta₃N₅ photoanode for water oxidation.The mechanism study indicates that the negative ...     

Preparation and properties of ZnMoO4 anode materials with polymer network gel method

Polymer network gel method combines the advantages of solid-phase method and liquid phase method, triggering acrylamide (AM) radical polymerization in aqueous solution and N, N′- methylene bis acrylamide (MBAM) active double bond cross-linking reaction, forming polymer chains to form a three-dimensional network. The polymer network space formed by the gel is bound and evenly distributed to the ions in the solution, thereby reducing the contact and aggregation of molecules and achieving the purpose of uniform particle size and small particle size. The principle diagram of network gel is shown in Figure. Using cubic zinc acetate and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate as raw materials, cubic ZnMoO₄ negative electrode materials were prepared with polymer network gel method. The polymer network gel method has various effects on the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of materials. Besides, the calcination temperature and calcination time were also the key factors to the electrochemical properties of the materials. In this paper, the effects of the ratio of monomer and crosslinker, calcination temperature and calcination time on ZnMoO₄ materials were studied by single variable method, the preparation process was optimized, and its characterization and electrochemical tests were carried out. After 100 cycles, the optimized ZnMoO₄ electrode has a discharge capacity of 374.0 mAh· g^?1, 332.5, 263.5 and 177.1 mAh · g^?1 at current densities of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 A g^?1, respectively. The electrochemical results show that the optimized ZnMoO₄ has high capacity, large rate capability and excellent cycle stability.     

研究性与系统性相结合的有机合成实验教学实践

为了培养学生的创新能力和实践能力,使学生较全面地掌握有机合成实验理论知识和实验技能,开展了有机合成实验研究性和系统性结合的教学探索和实践。在课程建设和教学过程中,贯彻以学生为主体的教学改革思路与方法。从教学内容和模式、授课方式、考核方式等多个教学环节进行探索研究,科教融合,结合实际课堂教学,倡导启发式教学方法。研究型教学模式的实施有效地调动了学生自主研究性学习的积极性,有利于提高学生的综合实践能力,促进实验教学与科学研究的衔接。     

贻贝启发功能改性的明胶基海绵止血材料的制备与性能

由战争、手术等而造成的大出血通常会导致更大的伤痛或更高的死亡率,因此,非常需要及时有效的止血以减少创伤导致死亡.而目前的止血材料都存在止血速度慢、止血效果差等问题.为提高材料的止血效率,本文受贻贝启发使用多巴胺和赖氨酸接枝改性的明胶(GDL)和氧化葡聚糖(ODE)为原料,通过冷冻干燥法制备多孔海绵状止血材料(GDL/O...     

TPE based aggregation induced emission fluorescent sensors for viscosity of liquid and mechanical properties of hydrogel

Two amphiphilic TPE E/Z isomers with aggregation induced emission(AIE) property have been synthesized and characterized. The logarithmic fluorescent intensity of the two molecules was in positive relationship with logarithmic viscosity of liquid. To note, the Z-TPE isomer exhibited more sensitivity in the viscosity of liquid sensing in comparison with the corresponding E-TPE counterpart(around 1.80 folds).Furthermore, two molecules could be used as fluorescent sensors for mechanical properties(v...     

超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定豆类中的硒代蛋氨酸

该研究利用超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC/ESI-Q-Orbitrap)技术,对硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet)的色谱信息、分子离子质荷比和碎裂片段的质荷比进行采集,并对特征离子碎裂途径进行解析,建立了豆类中硒代蛋氨酸的检测方法。样品用三羟甲基氨基甲烷-盐酸(Tris-HCl)缓冲溶液溶解后,涡旋混匀,超声提取,在恒温水浴条件下酶解,离心后取上清液过0.22μm滤膜后上机检测。采用Hypersil GOLD HILIC(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm)色谱柱进行分离,以0.2%(体积分数,下同)甲酸6 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液和0.2%甲酸6 mmol/L甲酸铵乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式电离,在全扫描/数据依赖扫描模式(Full MS/dd-MS2)下进行检测,基质匹配标准校正法定量。结果表明,硒代蛋氨酸的基质效应为15.75%,在0.05~0.5 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r²)为0.9976,方法检出限(LOD)为0.015 mg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为0.05 mg/kg;空白样品在0.1、0.2、0.4 mg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为77.6%~83.2%,日内相对标准偏差(RSDr)为2.8%~4.8%,日间相对标准偏差(RSD_R)为4.1%~6.5%。将方法应用于实际样品的检测,得富硒黑豆、富硒红豆、富硒绿豆中硒代蛋氨酸的含量分别为0.252、0.163、0.184 mg/kg。该方法具有前处理操作简单、结果准确、重复性好等优点,适用于豆类中硒代蛋氨酸的检测。     

Construction and application of an electrochemical sensor based on graphene-MXene nanocomposites for baicalin detectionEI北大核心CSCD

Redox graphene-MXene(rGO-MXene) nanocomposites were prepared by ion polymerization and used to construct a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for baicalin(BA) detection. The synergistic effect of rGO and MXene increased the specific surface area and electron transport capacity of the electrode, and significantly enhanced the electrochemical response of BA. The cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of BA on the sensor. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current exhibited a good linear relationship with BA concentration in the range of 0. 05-10 μmol / L, and the limit of detection was as low as 28 nmol / L. The method was applied to analyze traditional Chinese medicine preparations containing baicalin, such as Qingkailing Capsule and Sanhuang Tablets with good accuracy and spiked recovery. The results were highly consistent with those of high performance liquid chromatography, providing a technical means for the rapid and sensitive detection of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

冰冻人血清中尿酸标准物质复制的定值EI北大核心CSCD

为了满足该标准物质的需求,进行了第二次尿酸血清标准物质的复制。针对复制的尿酸血清标准物质,基于单四极杆质谱的液相色谱-同位素稀释质谱法(LC-IDMS),用乙腈沉淀法去除蛋白质,BEH C18色谱柱和电喷雾离子源负离子模式(ESI^(-)),同位素稀释的单点校准法进行定值、均匀性检验、稳定性检验以及不确定度评定等研究。此定值方法经过CCQM-K109(血清中尿酸分析)国际关键比对进行验证。复制的2种不同浓度水平尿酸(肾病患者和正常人)血清标准物质的定值结果分别为(73.5±1.3)μg/g,(47.5±1.1)μg/g,其均匀性和稳定性评估结果良好。