包头市青山区8～10岁儿童碘缺乏病甲状腺肿大率及尿碘监测分析

调查了内蒙古青山区８～１０岁儿童碘缺乏病甲状腺肿大率，结果表明，甲状腺肿大率为１９．６％，且以城乡结合部居住儿童为高，监测了其尿碘，尿碘水平１００μｇ／Ｌ以下者为１１．２％，其中５０μｇ／Ｌ者了有发现，据此情况，今后仍要强化防治工作。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜和水果中三氯生及甲基三氯生的含量

提出了应用气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜(西红柿、黄瓜等)和水果(橙子、苹果等)中潜在的污染物三氯生(TCS)和甲基三氯生(MTCS)的含量的方法,以期有助于对此污染物在蔬菜、水果等食品中的污染问题的研究,并应用于农产品质量的安全监测之中。将样品分别去皮后切块,匀浆后于-22℃保存。称取样品5.00g,先后2次用乙酸乙酯(每次10mL)超声提取10min后离心10min,合并2次的提取液。将提取液吹氮蒸发至近干。加入衍生试剂体积比为99∶1的N,O-双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺-三甲基氯硅烷混合溶液100μL,在60℃下进行衍生化反应40min。反应结束后,将溶液吹氮至近干,用乙酸乙酯1.0mL溶解残渣。所得溶液供气相色谱-串联质谱法分析。用DB-17MS毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)在150~290℃区间按程序升温条件进行分离,在电子轰击离子源及多反应监测模式下进行质谱测定。经试验确定,用两种扫描程序分别扫描,TCS衍生物的母离子和子离子依次为m/z 362,347和m/z 360,345,MTCS的母离子和子离子则均为m/z 304,254。测得TCS衍生物和MTCS的标准曲线的线性范围均为0.4~20.0μg·L^-1,其检出限(3S/N)为4~6ng·kg^-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,测得TCS衍生物和MTCS在4种蔬菜、水果中的回收率为91.5%~107%和94.7%~111%。     

吸收液采样-顶空-气相色谱法测定废气中吡啶

用吸收液采集废气样品,顶空进样,采用气相色谱法测定进样气体中吡啶的含量。用DB-FFAP毛细管色谱柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器测定。优化的试验条件如下:①采用多孔玻板吸收瓶采集样品;②吸收液的体积为45mL;③采样流量为0.5L·min^-1;④样品在4℃下,7d内完成分析;⑤吸收液的pH大于12;⑥加入3g氯化钠调节吸收液离子强度;⑦顶空温度为80℃,顶空平衡时间为30min。吡啶的质量浓度在100mg·L^-1以内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限为0.05 mg·m^-3。对3个不同浓度水平的吡啶标准气体进行测定,相对误差为-8.0%^-4.7%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%~7.8%。     

液相色谱-质谱联用法测定血液中全氟化合物

研究了快速溶剂萃取-液相色谱/质谱联用技术测定血液中PFAAs的方法。血液样品经过冷冻干燥,利用加速溶剂萃取的方法,最后使用液相色谱-质谱仪分析检测PFAAs成分。方法的回收率为74.6%~128.8%,检出限为1.10~25.1 ng/L。通过对珠江三角洲地区人群血液样本的分析,发现∑9PFAAs的浓度为26.8~557 ng/g,平均值为176±90.1 ng/g。血液中PFAAs的主要成分以PFHxA和PFOS为主,分别占血液中PFAAs浓度的20.97%和66.98%。人群血液中最常见和浓度最高的PFAAs是PFOS,而PFOA浓度相对较低。     

The Crystallization and Melting Behaviors of PDLA-b-PBS-b-PDLA Tri-block Copolymers

In this study,the poly(D-lactide)-block-poly(butylene succinate)-block-poly(D-lactide)(PDLA-b-PBS-b-PDLA)triblock copolymers with a fixed length of PBS and various lengths of PDLA are synthesized,and the crystallization behaviors of the PDLA and PBS blocks are investigated.Although both the crystallization behaviors of PBS and PDLA blocks depend on composition,they exhibit different variations.For the PDLA block,its crystallization behaviors are mainly influenced by temperature and block length.The crystallization signals of PDLA block appear in the B-D 2-2 specimen,and these signals get enhanced with PDLA block length.The crystallization rates tend to decrease with increasing PDLA block lendth during crystallizing at 90 and 100°C.Crystallizing at higher temperature,the crystallization rates increase at first and then decrease with block length.The crystallization rates decrease as elevating the crystallization temperature.The melting temperatures of PDLA blocks increase with block lengths and crystallization temperatures.For the PBS block,its crystallization behaviors are mainly controlled by the nucleation and confinement from PDLA block.The crystallization and melting enthalpies as well as the crystallization and melting temperatures of PBS block reduce as a longer PDLA block has been copolymerized,while the crystallization rates of the PBS block exhibit unique component dependence,and the highest rate is observed in the B-D 2-2 specimen.The Avrami exponent of PBS crystallites is reduced as a longer PDLA block is incorporated or the sample is crystallized at higher temperature.This investigation provides a convenient route to tune the crystallization behavior of PBS and PLA.     

氧化钨薄膜微型电化学器件的研究

本文论述了WO_3薄膜氢离子敏器件的结构、原理、制备技术和测试分析。利用WO_3薄膜在H+溶液中由绝缘转化为导电特性,成功地研制成氢离子敏器件。这是一种简易而经济的微型pH敏器件技术。     

A New Criterion for Brittle-Ductile Transition of Polymer Blends

The T_c criterion was first used by S. Wu for characterizing the brittleductile (B-D) transition of N6/EPDM blends. But in this paper, a new criterion which is based on the stress analysis of blends is proposed to characterize the B-D transitions of blends, namely, A criterionV_(fc) and d_c are the critical volume fractions and particle size of dispersed particles in blends, respectively. For given blends, A is independent of the morphology of dispersed phase and is only the characteristic parameter of matrix. The B-D transitions of different blends, including polar N6/EPDM blends, nonpolar PP/EPDM blends and PE/CaCO_3 composites, were manipulated with A criterion and satisfactory results were obtained. In addition, a new master curve for the impact strength of PP/EPDM blends versus V_f~2/d was obtained. The results showed that A criterion is more suitable than T_c criterion for characterizing the B-D transition of blends.     

Identification of differentially expressed proteins between human hepatoma and normal liver cell lines by two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry

In the previous study, the proteomes of the human hepatoma cell line BEL-7404 and the normal human liver cell line L-02 were separated by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Image analysis revealed that 99 protein spots showed quantitative and qualitative variations that were significant (P < 0.01) and reproducible. Here we report the identification results of some of these protein spots. Protein spots excised from 2-D gels were subjected to in-gel digestion with trypsin, and the resulting peptides were measured by microbore high performance liquid chromatography - ion trap - mass spectrometry (LC-IT-MS) to obtain the tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra. Twelve protein spots were identified with high confidence using SEQUEST with uninterpreted MS/MS raw data. Besides inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2, heat shock 27 kDa protein, calreticulin and calmodulin, whose expression was elevated in hepatoma cells, glutathione-S-transferase P was identified from hepatoma cells in which its level was 18-fold higher compared to human liver cells. Two spots were identified as the homologs of reticulocalbin for the first time in hepatoma cells and their expression increased compared to liver cells. However, tubulin beta-1 chain and natural killer cell enhancing factor B were downregulated in hepatoma cells. A tumor suppressing serpin, maspin precursor, was identified from one spot whose quantity was much higher in the normal liver cell line. More interestingly, epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) and fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte-type (A-FABP), were detected in liver cells but not in hepatoma cells. The functional implication of the identified proteins was discussed.     

Extraction of Uranium(VI) by N-Octanoylpiperidine in Toluene

The extraction of uranium(VI) from nitric acid by N-octanoylpiperidine (OPPD) in toluene has been investigated at varying concentrations of nitric acid, extractant, salting-out agent LiNO₃ and at different temperatures. The mechanism of extraction is discussed in the light of the results obtained. The extracted species have also been investigated using FT-IR spectrometry. The related thermodynamic functions were calculated.     

海藻酸-磷脂微囊复合水凝胶的制备、表征及毒理学分析

采用薄膜分散法合成磷脂微囊,根据胶粒的双电层理论,通过在微囊中加入氯化锰、氯化钙和氯化镁电解质溶液,使微囊处于相对稳定的状态.研究发现加入氯化锰和氯化钙溶液,微囊胶体的粒径没有明显的变化,但加入一定浓度氯化镁溶液,其粒径明显变大.为了进一步增加磷脂微囊稳定性,将氯化锰、氯化钙、氯化镁磷脂微囊胶体分别与海藻酸钠(SA)溶液混合.结果表明,氯化镁与SA几乎不能形成水凝胶,氯化钙与SA形成水凝胶能力强于氯化锰.微囊胶体溶液中的磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)可以与Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)键合形成PS-Ca~(2+)和PS-Mg~(2+),但不能与Mn~(2+)键合形成PS-Mn~(2+).对氯化钙磷脂微囊与海藻酸钠合成的复合水凝胶的形貌、溶胀率及细胞毒性进行了表征,结果表明,氯化钙与SA形成的水凝胶可以捕获胶体中磷脂微囊,且形貌规整,结构稳定,无细胞毒性.