“Compensatory falsetto”: Effects on vocal quality

The term “compensatory falsetto”, for the purpose of this investigation, refers to the development of an abnormally high-pitched voice in the presence of laryngeal pathology where more socially acceptable lower pitched voice production is possible. The purpose of this investigation was to compare laryngeal compensations and their effects on objective measures of vocal function during production of compensatory falsetto voice. Eighteen patients with abnormally high-pitched voice in the presence of underlying laryngeal pathology were evaluated in the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Miami School of Medicine from January 1988 through December 1992 and were diagnosed with “compensatory falsetto”. Vocal fold paralysis (n = 11) was the most common laryngeal pathology. Vibratory characteristics were evaluated through videostrobolaryngoscopic examination. Acoustic and aerodynamic parameters assessed included fundamental frequency, jitter rate, harmonic-to-noise ratio, glottal air flow, and maximum phonation time. Production of a higher-pitched voice appeared to improve glottic closure and decrease the amount of air loss during phonation. A corresponding increase in maximum phonation time and improvement in acoustic characteristics of jitter and harmonic-to-noise ratio was also observed.     

Evidence for resonant structure near 1780 MeV in e+ e− annihilations observed with the new colliding beam ring at Orsay

We present evidence for the existence of a new J^PC = 1^?? resonance with a mass of 1778 ± 14 (±12) MeV and 150 ± 40 (±30) MeV wide. We tentatively conclude that it is an I = 0 state.     

NMR spectra of cobaloximes: unexpected nonequivalence of methyl groups

¹H NMR spectra of organocobaloximes indicates the nonequivalence of methyl groups which is attributed to the hydrogen bond formation between the oxime hydrogen and the hetero atom of an axial organic ligand.     

Electron transport in sub-micron GaAs channels at 300 K

Transient velocity-field characteristics have been computed for GaAs channels having lengths of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 20 μm for electric fields between 1 and 50 kV/cm at 300 K. The results are compared with earlier calculations and the significant features of the computed results are discussed. It is found that the electron motion for all channel lengths and for all fields is significantly affected by collisions. The threshold field for negative differential mobility increases, and the magnitude of the differential mobility decreases with decrease in the length of the sample. The maximum steady-state velocity increases with decrease in the length and may be as high as 5.4×10⁷ cm/s for 0.1 μm samples.     

Rigorous sum rules and bounds on pion-pion scattering amplitudes with positivity

We derive the complete set of crossing symmetric forward pion-pion amplitudes with non-negative absorptive parts obeying twice-subtracted dispersion relations. We give a method to eliminate subtraction constants for these amplitudes by making a simultaneous use of subtracted dispersion relations for the amplitude and its inverse, and unitarity. We thus deduce from axiomatic field theory (i) lower bounds on forward real parts in terms of physical forward amplitudes, (ii) lower bounds on S- and P-wave scattering lengths in terms of forward amplitudes in any part of the physical region, (iii) sum rules on scattering lengths in terms of physical forward amplitudes which provide a complete test of forward dispersion relations, (iv) upper bounds on scattering lengths in terms of total cross sections and (v) absolute sum rule inequalities on total and forward differential cross sections in terms of the pion mass alone which provide new tests of dispersion relations not involving scattering lengths.     

Pt和Pd的超薄覆盖层对Ag膜表面增强喇曼散射的影响

在用化学沉积法制成的银岛膜上,蒸镀上不同厚度的Pt和Pd,测量了吡啶分子在Pt-Ag,Pd-Ag体系的表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)谱,得到SERS谱随覆盖层厚度的增加而衰减的关系曲线,并与电磁衰减理论计算的结果作了比较。此外,在两个体系都发现了新的振动谱线。我们认为它对应于吡啶在Pt和Pd上的吸附态。 关键词：