砂卵石地层盾构隧道掌子面稳定性理论分析

盾构隧道穿越砂卵石地层掘进施工时,由于砂卵石的地层特性及施工扰动,隧道掌子面容易失稳而引发事故。为研究砂卵石地层盾构隧道掌子面稳定所需的最小支护力,结合砂卵石地层的掌子面失稳模式,在三维Murayama模型的基础上,将掌子面前方土体的滑动面形式假设为对数螺旋滑移线,结合上部松动区域的破坏机制,引入椭球体放矿理论,对传统的棱柱体筒仓模型进行改进,进一步通过极限平衡法推导出砂卵石地层的掌子面极限支护力求解公式;最后通过离散元数值模拟验证所推公式,两者的误差为3.1%。结果表明所得公式可对砂卵石地层的掌子面极限支护力进行较为精确的求解。研究成果以期为砂卵石地层掌子面极限支护力计算理论提供依据。     

C波段低剖面双圆极化微带阵列天线小型化设计

设计了一种工作在C波段的5×5小型化低剖面双圆极化微带阵列天线.与传统的阵列相比,通过相邻2×2子阵列的贴片交错,可以缩小单元间距,实现小型化;采用两个T型功分器馈电网络,同层分布,可以拓展带宽.测试结果表明,左右旋圆极化的阻抗带宽（VSWR<2）和轴比带宽（AR<3dB）分别达到20%和16%,在频段5.3-6.36 GHz内,左右旋增益最大值为15.2dBi.天线阵列尺寸为3.05λ0×2.74λ0×0.037λ0.     

采用HK模型的防空反导作战网络建模分析

采用HK网络模型对防空反导作战网络进行建模,对网络度分布、集群系数、平均距离的统计特性进行分析。将网络模型与典型树状结构的防空反导网络和基于BA无标度模型的网络进行比较,表明基于HK模型的防空反导作战网络具有较好的集群系数和无标度特性,同时表明改变TF连接概率进行防空反导网络设计具有更好的灵活性。     

多自适应波束天线节点的最优组网拓扑控制

自适应波束天线由于其发射接收具有强指向性的特点,其网络拓扑控制问题、方法与全向天线存在较大不同。针对节点安装有多个空间均匀分布的自适应波束天线进行组网通信时的拓扑优化控制问题,建立了自适应波束天线和网络节点通信的数学模型;对拓扑优化控制的问题进行了分析,其问题本质是对节点安装的多部天线进行最优化链路分配。以网络通信质量的量化计算作为目标函数,提出了一种基于0-1规划的拓扑控制优化模型,并对网络连通性进行了分析,给出了两节点连通以及整个网络连通的充要判决条件。最后给出了2种不同节点数情况下的仿真计算结果,并通过穷举法验证了模型计算结果的正确性。     

微重力条件下流动与传热传质的地面模拟

为了给载人航天器热设计提供依据,考核热控系统的适应能力以及确定热湿控制参数。发展了材料－温度－湿度保持技术,以实现微重力条件下导热－对流－辐射换热与传质稳态系统的地面相似模拟。通过调整壁面热流密度分布,可以使尺寸适当缩小后的模型的材料、温度和湿度同时保持不变,同时还能抑制由重力引起的自然对流的作用,从而实现地面模型与微重力场中原型流动、换热和传质相似。并用数值方法对均匀进风条件下的流动、换热和传质的相似性进行了验证。     

Distribution of δD in 25-cm Surface Snow Along Trans-Antarctic Route (Ⅱ)——The “1990 International Trans-Antarctic Expedition” Glaciological Research

On the way of the "1990 International Trans-Antarctic Expedition", the first author of this paper, the Chinese member of the expedition, collected 104 snow samples in 25-cm surface snow along a 5986-km route on Antarctic ice sheet from west to east. The geographical distribution of δD across the Antarctica by the longest route is obtained from stable isotope analysis for the first time. After discussing regional differences of physical geographic conditions, maritime-continental influence, altitudes and latitudes at sampling sites, the distribution of δD is considered to have a close relation to latitudes, but the topographic effect is prominent in some particular regions. The mean annual temperature at sampling site and its relationship with δD in surface snow covering Antarctica from west to east are discussed also. The δD-temperature gradient from the south end of Antarctic Peninsula to Vostok obtained in this paper is very close to that in Terre Adelie Land obtained by predecessors. The snow-dri     

Electrooxidation Mechanism of Methanol at Pt-Ru Catalyst Modified GC Electrode in Electrolytes with Different pH Using Electrochemical and SERS Techniques

The electrochemical and in-situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy （SERS） techniques were used to investigate the electrooxidation behavior of methanol in acidic, neutral and alkaline media at a Pt-Ru nanoparticle modified glassy carbon （Pt-Ru/GC） electrode. The results showed that methanol could be dissociated spontaneously at the Pt-Ru/GC electrode to produce a strongly adsorbed intermediate, CO. It was found that CO could be oxidized more easily in the alkaline medium than in the acidic and neutral media. The peak potential of methanol oxidation was shifted from 0.663 and 0.708 V in the acidic and neutral media to -0.030 V in the alkaline medium, which is due to that the adsorption strength of CO on the Pt surface in the alkaline medium is weaker than that in the acidic and neutral media. The final product of the methanol oxidation is CO2. However, in the alkaline medium, CO2 produced would form CO3^2- and HCO3^- resulting in the decrease in the alkaline concentration and then in the decrease in the performance of DMFC. Therefore, the performance of the alkaline DMFC is not Stable.     

钴的光度分析方法进展

综述了近十多年来国内外钴的光度分析方法,包括分光光度法、催化光度法、原子吸收光度法等。     

Determination of Partial Molar Volumes of EPA and DHA Ethyl Esters in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

The use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) as solvents has been attracting widespread interest in the research and commercial applications. The study of partial molar volumes of solutes at infinite dilution in the near-critical region is of considerable fundamental importance, as these data reflects the interactions occurring between the solute and the solvent. Experimental measurements of partial molar volumes may be divided into two categories: direct and indirect methods. The direct methods…     

Distribution of Helium Isotopes in Western Pacific Upper Layer

3He/4He ratios in samples of sea water obtained at depths from surface to 300 m in the upper layer of the Western Pacific Ocean were measured by a mass spectrometer VG5400. The lateral and vertical distribution of He isotopes in the studied area was discussed in detail on the basis of 3He/4He ratios. Excess and depleted 3He. in relation to δ3He value of surface water in equilibrium with air has been discussed in the area, which may be mainly attributed to the incorporation of the North Pacific Intermediate Water with the Equatorial Upwelling and the exchange of water masses between the South China Sea and the Western Pacific, respectively. The present work in Western Pacific has also indicated that He isotopes may be used as a tracer for mixing processes of water masses and oceanic circulation.