陶瓷湿度传感器暂时性老化机制的分析

本文认为,在晶体中作为组成湿敏陶瓷的过渡金属元素,是以离子为主体形式存在的,易吸附有极性的媒质,并能与具有孤对电子的媒质形成络离子,使晶体表面活性降低,使器件产生暂时性老化。     

高等数学教学中开展小组合作学习的有效策略

运用现代教育理论和新课程改革的思想,结合自己多年的教学实践,提出了在高等数学教学中实施合作学习的有效策略,即做好合作学习的前期准备工作,发挥教师在合作学习中的引导、监控和调节作用,注重合作学习完成后的评价工作。     

冷轧钢基复合材料轧制力能参数研究

在实验的基础上,提出冷轧钢基复合材料的轧制力计算模型,并由此推导冷轧钢基复合材料的轧制力计算公式.采用该公式计算出的轧制力与实验值基本符合.     

An efficient synthetic route to well‐defined theta‐shaped copolymers

A series of well‐defined θ‐shaped copolymers composed of polystyrene (PS) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution have been successfully synthesized without any purification procedure by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), ring‐opening polymerization (ROP), and the “click” chemistry. The synthetic process involves two steps: (1) synthesis of AB₂ miktoarm star copolymers, which contain one PCL chain terminated with two acetylene groups and two PS chains with two azido groups at their one end, (α,α′‐diacetylene‐PCL) (ω‐azido‐PS)₂, by ROP, ATRP, and the terminal group transformation; (2) intramolecular cyclization of AB₂ miktoarm star copolymers to produce well‐defined pure θ‐shaped copolymers using “click” chemistry under high dilution. The ¹H NMR, FTIR, and gel permeation chromatography techniques were applied to characterize the chemical structures of the resultant intermediates and the target polymers. Their thermal behavior was investigated by DSC. The mobility decrease of PCL chain across PS ring in the theta‐shaped copolymers restricts the crystallization ability of PCL segment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2620–2630, 2009     

Phase morphology and mechanical properties of the electrospun polyoxymethylene/polyurethane blend fiber mats

Polyoxymethylene/thermoplastic polyurethane (POM/TPU) blends containing 10–30 wt % of TPU were electrospun using hexafluoroisopropanol as the solvent. The average fiber diameter increases with the increase in TPU content from 0.68 μm for neat POM fibers to 0.92 μm for POM/TPU 7:3 blend fibers due to the increase in solution viscosity. Core/sheath structure with the major component POM as the core and the minor component TPU as the sheath was observed by transmission electron microscopy and further confirmed by surface N contents of the blend fiber mats. The crystalline melting point and the degree of crystallinity of POM have no obvious change by coelectrospinning with TPU due to lack of interaction between POM and TPU as revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Tensile tests showed that the unusual high ductility of POM fiber mat could be further increased by coelectrospinning with 10 or 20 wt % TPU without significantly decreasing the stiffness and strength. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 1853–1859, 2009     

多齿刀具制造铜纤维时表面形貌的成形

为获得表面粗糙程度不同的铜纤维,利用多齿刀具在普通卧式车床上加工出了连续铜纤维.将其与拉拔法生产的铜纤维进行扫描电镜观察对比,发现前者具有粗糙的茸状形貌.通过切削试验对比了不同切削用量时铜纤维的表面形貌,研究了切削用量对铜纤维表面形貌的影响规律.实验结果表明:切削速度对铜纤维的表面形貌影响最大,背吃刀量和进给量的影响较小.因此,为获得具有茸状形貌的连续铜纤维,应该选择较小的切削速度,并根据当量直径的要求选择合适的背吃刀量和进给量.     

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Synthesis and characterization of star graft copolymers with asymmetric mixed “V‐shaped” side chains via “click” chemistry on a hyperbranched polyglycerol core

The star graft copolymers composed of hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) as core and well defined asymmetric mixed “V‐shaped” identical polystyrene (PS) and poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) as side chains were synthesized via the “click” chemistry. The V‐shaped side chain bearing a “clickable” alkyne group at the conjunction point of two blocks was first prepared through the combination of anionic polymerization of styrene (St) and atom transfer radical polymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) monomer, and then “click” chemistry was conducted between the alkyne groups on the side chains and azide groups on HPG core. The obtained star graft copolymers and intermediates were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), GPC equipped with a multiangle laser‐light scattering detector (GPC‐MALLS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 1308–1316, 2009     

Preparation of ordered array of nanoscopic gold rods by template method and its optical properties

Porous aluminum oxide membranes with pore diameters smaller than 20 nm were prepared by anodization of aluminum. Using these porous membranes as a template, we fabricated uniform gold cylinder arrays by electrodeposition of gold into the pores. All cylinders in the array were parallel, with their long axes perpendicular to the surface of the template. Electron microscopy, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were employed to characterize the morphology of the templates and the fabricated nanometer scale of cylinder arrays. The extinction spectra of the arrays along the longer axes showed that the extinction maximal (5_max) shifted to a short wavelength and strengthened when the aspect ratio (l/d) of the cylinders increased. The dependence of the maximal (5_max) on the size was explained qualitatively by using the approximate dynamical Maxwell-Garnett model, and the calculated results were compared with the experimental ones.