The Design of Single Mode Large Cross-section Glass-based Waveguides for Photonic Integrated Circuits

This paper presents our recent simulation results and novel designs of single mode large cross-section glass-based waveguides for photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Simulations were performed using an in-house Finite Difference (FD) based mode solver and the FD Beam propagation Method (FD-BPM). Our simulation results show that this innovative technology could provide a simplified means to couple optical energy efficiently between optical components in a single chip. This would provide the base for the future large-scale integration of optical components in PICs. The novel idea of using single mode large cross-section glass-based waveguides as an optical integration platform is an evolutionary innovative solution for the monolithic integration of optical components, in which the glass-based structures act both as waveguides and as an optical bench for integration. This allows easy and efficient optical coupling between optical components and optical fibres, removing costly and tedious alignment problems and considerably reducing optical coupling losses in PICs. We expect that the glass-based waveguide PICs technology will enable the emergence of a new generation of compact, reliable, high speed, and multifunctional devices.     

Structural characterization and ferromagnetic behavior of Fe-doped TiO2 powder by high-energy ball milling

Fe-doped TiO₂ powder was prepared by high-energy ball milling, using TiO₂ Degussa P-25 and α-Fe powders as the starting materials. The structure and magnetic properties of the Fe-doped TiO₂ powder were studied by X-ray diffraction, ⁵⁷Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The Reitveld refinement of XRD revealed that ball milling not only triggered incorporation of Fe in TiO₂ lattice but also induced the phase transformation from anatase to rutile in TiO₂ and consequently the milled Fe-doped TiO₂ powder contained only rutile.⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer effect measure showed that Fe atoms existed in Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ state, which were assigned to the solid solution Fe_xTi_1−xO₂. The magnetization measurements indicated that the milled Fe-doped TiO₂ powder was ferromagnetic above room temperature. The ferromagnetism in our milled Fe-doped TiO₂ powder seemingly does not come from Fe and iron oxides particles/clusters but from the Fe-doped TiO₂ powder matrices.     

Spin tunneling properties in mesoscopic magnets: effects of a magnetic field

The tunneling of a giant spin at excited levels is studied theoretically in mesoscopic magnets with a magnetic field at an arbitrary angle in the easy plane. Different structures of the tunneling barriers can be generated by the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, the magnitude and the orientation of the field. By calculating the nonvacuum instanton solution explicitly, we obtain the tunnel splittings and the tunneling rates for different angle ranges of the external magnetic field ( θ _H = π/2 and π/2 < θ _H < π). The temperature dependences of the decay rates are clearly shown for each case. It is found that the tunneling rate and the crossover temperature depend on the orientation of the external magnetic field. This feature can be tested with the use of existing experimental techniques. Received 12 March 2001 and Received in final form 18 October 2001     

Effects of Nb2O5 on thermal stability and optical properties of Er3+-doped tellurite glasses

Er³⁺-doped tellurite glasses with molar compositions of xNb₂O₅-(14.7-x)Na₂O--10ZnO--5K₂O--10GeO₂-- 60TeO₂--0.3Er₂O₃ (x=0, 3, 5, 7 and 9) have been investigated for developing 1.5~μm fibre and planar amplifiers. The effects of Nb₂O₅ on the thermal stability and optical properties of Er³⁺-doped tellurite glasses have been discussed. It is noted that the incorporation of Nb₂O₅ (x=5) increases the thermal stability of tellurite glasses significantly. Er³⁺-doped niobium tellurite glasses exhibit a large stimulated emission cross-section (7.2\times 10^-21- 10.7×10^-21~cm² and the gain bandwidth, FWHM×\sigma_e^{\rm peak} (274\times 10^-28 - 480×10^-28~cm³), which are significantly higher than that of silicate and phosphate glasses. In addition, the intensity of upconversion luminescence of the Er³⁺-doped niobium tellurite glasses decreases rapidly with increasing Nb₂O₅ content. As a result, Er³⁺-doped niobium tellurite glasses might be a potential candidate for developing laser or optical amplifier devices.     

A Lower Bound for {a+b:aA, bB, and P(a,b)≠0}

Let A and B be two finite subsets of a field . In this paper, we provide a non-trivial lower bound for {a+b:aA, bB, and P(a,b)≠0} where P(x,y) [x,y].     

长波长大应变InGaAs/InGaAsP分布反馈激光器的材料生长与器件制备

采用低压金属有机化合物气相沉积法(LP-MOCVD)生长并制作了1.6—1.7μm大应变InGaAs/InGaAsP分布反馈激光器.采用应变缓冲层技术，得到质量良好的大应变InGaAs/InP体材料.器件采用了4个大应变的量子阱，加入了载流子阻挡层改善器件的温度特性.1.66μm和1.74μm未镀膜的3μm脊型波导器件阈值电流低(小于15mA)，输出功率高(100mA时大于14mW).从10—40℃，1.74μm激光器的特征温度T₀=57K，和1.55μm InGaAsP分布反馈激光器的特征温度相当. 关键词： MOCVD InGaAs/InGaAsP 应变量子阱 分布反馈激光器     

合成四苯基卟啉反应机理

吡咯、苯甲醛在酸催化下生成环状中间体,不可逆的转化生成TPPH_2与TPC;在硝基苯存在下TPC被氧化成TPPH_2。     

北京自由电子激光最近进展──实现饱和振荡

北京自由电子激光(BFEL)装置于1993年底在10.68μm处实现了饱和振荡.输出激光能量为3mJ,饱和平顶宽度2μs.对应饱和振荡平均功率为210kW(宏脉冲),峰值功率约为20MW,比自发辐射高8个量级,单程小讯号净增益为24%,转换效率为0.45%,与理论预期结果相符.光束质量接近衍射极限.目前装置可工作于9-11μm.     

Asymptotics for zeros of Szeg polynomials associated with trigonometric polynomial signals

The study of Wiener-Levinson digital filters leads to certain classes of polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle (Szeg polynomials). Here we present theorems that show that the unknown frequencies in a periodic discrete time signal can be determined from the limiting behavior (as N → ∞) of the zeros of fixed degree Szeg polynomials that are orthogonal with respect to a distribution defined from N successive samples of the signal. This proves an essential part of a conjecture due to Jones, Njåstad, and Saff concerning the frequency analysis problem.     

秋水仙素诱导青虾次级卵母细胞二倍体初探

以青虾卵巢为材料，采用秋水仙素诱导多倍体次级卵母细胞．经滴片试验，确立此实验最佳滴片高度为1．5cm，通过设置5个秋水仙素浓度(0．08～0．40mg／mL)及3个作用时间(6～24h)，观察发生染色体加倍的细胞相对数目．实验结果表明：在使用秋水仙素的浓度为0．08～0．40mg／mL，处理6～24h时都可以获得多倍体卵细胞．在秋水仙素浓度是0．32mg／mL，处理6h可得到最高二倍体突变率(32．58％)．还测试了0．32mg／mL COM作用6h时ATPase活性与生理盐水对照组的变化，结果显示COM会在一定程度上影响细胞的新陈代谢．但是50％左右的成活率表明，这种诱导突变的方法仍具有一定的应用价值．