气相分子吸收光谱法在地表水氨氮监测中的应用北大核心CSCD

气相分子吸收光谱法测定环境地表水中氨氮含量的标准方法研究还不全面,因此考察了水样的保存、亚硝酸盐、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、I^(-)、硫化物对其测定结果的影响.结果表明,采集地表水样后立即加入硫酸使水样酸化至pH<2,密闭,可延长样品保存时间至7 d,但尽量在24 h内进行测定;气相分子吸收光谱法测定氨氮水样时,当亚硝酸盐含量较高时,在氨氮除亚氮功能模式下已不能消除干扰,必须在水样分析前采用加热煮沸或预蒸馏前处理方式;水中Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、25倍以下质量浓度的I^(-)和10倍质量浓度以下的硫化物对气相分子吸收光谱法氨氮测定没有显著干扰.本方法的检出限(3.143s)为0.02 mg·L^(-1),按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为94.7%~101%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.70%~4.7%.采用气相分子吸收光谱法分析标准样品,其测定结果均在标准样品认定值的允许偏差范围内.与纳氏试剂分光光度法的测定结果相比,预蒸馏-气相分子吸收光谱法具有更好的精密度和准确度.     

Near-infrared Responsive Photoelectrochemical Biosensors

Near-infrared (NIR) light-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing is a highly promising analytical technique, especially for in situ bioanalysis, due to the deep penetration capability and minimal invasiveness of NIR light. In this mini review, we provide a brief overview of recently developed NIR PEC sensors, focusing on NIR light-responsive materials and the representative applications of this type of PEC sensor. Future perspectives for NIR PEC sensors are also described.     

Fire retarded polyurethane foam composites based on steel slag/ammonium polyphosphate system: A novel strategy for utilization of metallurgical solid waste

A series of FR-RPUF composites were prepared by a one-step water foaming process with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and steel slag (SS) as flame retardants. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical combustion test, microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra and FTIR were used to investigate the thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion performance, gas phase products, and char residue morphology of FR-RPUF composites. TG test results showed that the initial decomposition temperature (T_-5wt%) and char residue rate at 700°C of RPUF/APP/SS composites were significantly enhanced by the addition of APP and SS, and the thermal stability of the composites was improved. Flame retardant test results confirmed the significantly increased LOI values of RPUF/APP/SS composites with V-0 rating. TG-FTIR also confirmed the obviously decreased release of toxic gases and flammable gases in the combustion of RPUF/APP/SS composites. SEM and Raman spectra of char residues for the composites suggested that APP/SS system improved the compactness and graphitization degree of char layer for RPUF/APP/SS composite. The above researches provide a new strategy for the utilization of SS in fire safety engineering.     

Flexible strain sensor with ridge-like microstructures for wearable applications

The flexible stretchable sensors have great potential for implementation in various applications, such as intelligent soft robots, health monitoring, and motion detection. However, most of the flexible stretchable sensors with microstructures and high sensitivities are fabricated by expensive templates and complex processes. In consideration of large-scale fabrication, a low cost and efficient way is in great demand. Herein, electroless plating on Nafion films with decent swelling ratios are proposed to fabricate stretchable sensors with wrinkle-structured electrodes. By adding isopropanol (IPA) to the electroless plating process, the H₂O-IPA sensor with larger swelling ratio shows deeper surface wrinkles, higher surface roughness, and better sensitivity to strain. At the same time, the H₂O-IPA sensor exhibit good durability (500 cycles). By mounting the sensor on the joint of human finger, the motion of the finger bending and even the bending degree can be accurately detected, indicating the potential use in the field of wearable devices and soft electronic skins.     

Insight mechanism of nano iron difluoride cathode material for high-energy lithium-ion batteries: a review

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Iron(II) fluoride (FeF2) is a promising candidate as the cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its quite high theoretical energy density...     

新型喹喔啉-三苯胺衍生物的合成及其对Fe3+的识别性能

以4,4-二溴苯偶酰为原料,经过两步反应得到一种新的喹喔啉-三苯胺衍生物4',4''-（6-溴喹喔啉-2,3-二基）双（N,N-二苯基-[1,1'-联苯] -4-胺）（TP1）。通过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS对其结构进行了表征,并利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究了衍生物对Fe³⁺的识别性能。光谱测试结果表明：衍生物溶液与Fe³⁺作用后,296nm处的吸光度出现明显变化,说明TP1能选择性识别Fe³⁺;当Fe³⁺浓度为4～200μmol/L时,TP1吸光度与Fe³⁺浓度呈现良好的线性回归关系(R²=0.9977)。      

油井用相变微胶囊的制备与性能

针对深水固井作业过程中水泥水化放热较大,易致使环空地层天然气水合物分解的技术难题,本文以石蜡为芯材,碳酸钡为壁材,制备了一种油井用相变微胶囊。首先,利用FT-IR、DSC、TGA与SEM对相变微胶囊的化学组成、热性能与微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明：相变微胶囊的封装效率为67.40%,具有较高的封装效率和良好的潜热储存能力。其次,对粒径分布与润湿性能进行了测试。结果表明：微胶囊颗粒平均粒径为4.946 μm,小于水泥颗粒粒径17.201 μm,可较好的镶嵌在水泥石中,并充填于水泥水化产物之间,减小对水泥石力学性能的负面影响;微胶囊与水的静态接触角为46.8°,具有良好的亲水性能,可应用于水基的水泥浆环境中。最后,将微胶囊应用于水泥浆体系,研究了水泥浆的水化温升和水化热。结果表明：与空白水泥浆相比,加入12%相变微胶囊水泥浆的最高水化温升与水化热（48 h）分别下降了14.56%和43.23%。      

Effects of High Pressure on the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Copper and Silver Nanocrystals

We used a diamond anvil cell(DAC) to control the deformation of synthesized copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles. And we measured the surface plasmon resonance of copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles, which exhibit redshifts or blueshifts. The surface plasmon resonance shows an abnormal blue shift for both copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles. The solvents of copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles are n-hexane and water, where the pressure loads include quasi-hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic.     

Neutral 1D Perovskite-Type ABX3 Phase Transition Material with a Narrowband Emission and Semiconductor Property

Cyclic organic amines are emerging as excellent building blocks to assemble organic–inorganic hybrid phase transition materials due to their flexible cyclic structure. Here, we have assembled a 1D organic-inorganic hybrid dielectric material C₅H₆NOPbBr₃ ( 1 ) by alloying the cyclic organic amine 3-hydroxypyridine. 1 displays a remarkable switchable dielectric response induced by an order-disorder transformation of the organic moiety, this transformation behaviour is confirmed by DSC and Hirshfeld surface measurements. More interestingly, 1 has a narrowband emission (FWHM=4.64 nm) at 590 nm; FWHM is a major quality figure for narrowband photodetectors. In addition, 1 exhibits semiconducting properties with an indirect bandgap of 2.78 eV by the analysis of the UV-Vis absorption results.     

Develop a stepwise integrated method to screen biomarkers of Baihe-Dihuang Tang on the treatment of depression in rats applying with composition screened,untargeted, and targeted metabolomics analysis

Baihe-Dihuang Tang is a commonly prescribed remedy for depression. In this study, component screening with untargeted and targeted metabolomics was used to identify potential biomarkers for depression in chronic unpredictable mildly stressed rats. Using this novel identification method, the screening of organic acids, lily saponins, iridoids, and other ingredients formed the basis for subsequent metabolomics research. Baihe-Dihuang Tang supplementation in chronic unpredictable mild-stress-induced depression models, increased their body weight, sucrose preference, brain-derived neurotrophic factor deposition, and spatial exploring. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that Baihe-Dihuang Tang exerts its antidepressant effects by regulating the levels of lipids, organic acids, and its derivatives, and benzenoids in the brain, plasma, and urine of the depressed rats. Moreover, it also modulates the d -glutamine and d -glutamate metabolism and purine metabolism. Targeted metabolomics demonstrated significant reduction in l -glutamate levels in the brains of depressed rats. This could be a potential biomarker for depression. Baihe-Dihuang Tang alleviated depression by regulating the levels of l -glutamate, xanthine, and adenine in the brains of depressed rats. Together, these findings conclusively established the promising therapeutic effect of Baihe-Dihuang Tang on depression and also unraveled the underlying molecular mechanism of its potential antidepressant function.